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Photo: Andrus Uuetalu derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0 ee · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Estonia
Estonia places highest on Business Ready: Public Services (top 1% worldwide) and lowest on Ecological Footprint (bottom 3%).
Estonia in the Nations Inquiry Country Index
At a glance
Population
1,367,196
people
since 1950
Land area
42,730
km²
since 1992
GDP per person
41,604
international $, PPP
since 1990
Life expectancy
79.15
years at birth
since 1950
Human development
0.905
HDI, 0–1
since 1990
Unemployment
8.313
% of the labour force
since 1991
The newest published figure for each, the year it describes and who published it, with a line showing how it has moved.
01The country
About Estonia
Key facts about Estonia
- Capital
- Tallinn
- Official language
- Estonian
- Currency
- euro (EUR)
- ISO code
- EST · EE
- Domain · dialling
- .ee · +372
As Wikidata records them. Official languages are the least consistent — some countries list only a national language, others every regional one. Sources and licences.
02Country Index 2026
Where it stands, topic by topic
Strongest first. Each position is Estonia’s place among the countries with a standing on that topic, built from a few key statistics chosen to measure different things.
5thof 198
From 3 of 3 key statistics
13thof 193
From 5 of 5 key statistics
joint16thof 178
From 3 of 3 key statistics
20thof 191
From 3 of 3 key statistics
24thof 201
From 4 of 4 key statistics
24thof 150
From 3 of 3 key statistics
joint37thof 182
From 4 of 4 key statistics
45thof 194
From 3 of 3 key statistics
48thof 182
From 3 of 4 key statistics
55thof 177
From 3 of 3 key statistics
48thof 147
From 3 of 3 key statistics
70thof 161
From 3 of 3 key statistics
Each standing is built from a few key statistics chosen to measure different things. Select a subject for Estonia’s readings on it, or see every statistic held for Estonia in the table further down this page.
03Highs and lows
Where Estonia stands out
The two ends of its own record: every statistic on which Estonia sits within ten places of the best or worst in the world, plus its strongest and weakest readings overall. Each is turned into a percentile — its place among every country measured — which is what lets a hunger score and a press-freedom rank be compared at all.
Where Estonia does best16
In the top third of all countries measured. 16 are within ten places of the best in the world, in a field of at least 50 countries — marked with that place.
- 1st
Position · derived 1st of 50 · 73.31 · 2024
world median 50.13 (better)
- 1stDeaths in Organized Violencetop 35%
Position · derived 59th of 59 · 1 = worst · 0 · 2025
world median 0
- 1st
Position · derived 104th of 104 · 1 = worst · 2.5 · 2023
world median 5.2 (better) · ▼ 3 pts since 2013
- 2nd
Position · derived 199th of 200 · 1 = worst · 2.016 · 2024
world median 14.54 (better) · ▲ 6 pts since 2014
- 3rd
- 4th
Position · derived 4th of 50 · 80.28 · 2024
world median 65.82 (better)
- 5th
Position · derived 5th of 150 · 22.61 · 2024
world median 0.725 (better)
- 5th
Position · derived 5th of 176 · 0.887 · 2025
world median 0.497 (better) · ▲ 3 pts since 2015
- 6thPISA Reading Performancetop 6%
Position · derived 6th of 79 · 511.03 · 2022
world median 440.35 (better) · ▲ 9 pts since 2012
- 6thPISA Science Performancetop 6%
Position · derived 6th of 79 · 525.81 · 2022
world median 446.93 (better)
- 6th
Position · derived 157th of 162 · 1 = worst · 1.212 · 2024
world median 13.8 (better)
- 7th
- 7thMean Years of Schoolingtop 3%
Position · derived 7th of 193 · 13.56 · 2023
world median 9.933 (better) · ▼ 2 pts since 2013
- 7th
Position · derived 7th of 79 · 509.95 · 2022
world median 442.09 (better) · ▲ 6 pts since 2012
- 8th
Position · derived 8th of 139 · 98.9 · 2024
world median 72.83 (better) · ▲ 3 pts since 2014
- 8th
Where Estonia struggles most5
In the bottom third of all countries measured. 1 is within ten places of the worst in the world, in a field of at least 50 countries — marked with that place.
- 5thEcological Footprintbottom 3%
Position · derived 5th of 126 · 1 = worst · 6.669 · 2025
world median 2.296 (worse)
- GDP Growthbottom 10%
Position · derived 168th of 186 · 0.584 · 2025
world median 3.396 (worse) · ▼ 25 pts since 2015
- Trade Union Densitybottom 12%
Position · derived 122nd of 139 · 6.017 · 2020
world median 16.68 (worse)
- Global Militarisation Indexbottom 15%
Rank 23rd of 149 · 1 = worst · 160.84 · 2023
world median 100.66 (worse) · ▼ 13 pts since 2013
- Livestock Production Indexbottom 18%
Position · derived 160th of 194 · 94.58 · 2022
world median 107.06 (worse) · ▼ 29 pts since 2012
A band is a place among the countries each publisher scores, so Estonia can move because other countries moved. See the Country Index for the full method.
04Over time
Which way it is moving
The published rank in widely quoted reports, edition by edition — each end with the size of that year’s field — and the statistics, not already named above, on which it has gained or lost the most ground.
Human Development Index
UNDP Human Development Report Office
34th
of 141 · 1990
36th
of 193 · 2023
Ranked in 34 of 34 editions
Corruption Perceptions Index
Transparency International
32nd
of 173 · 2012
12th
of 181 · 2025
Ranked in 14 of 14 editions
Gender Inequality Index
UNDP Human Development Report Office
38th
of 79 · 1990
23rd
of 172 · 2023
Ranked in 34 of 34 editions
Global Innovation Index
World Intellectual Property Organization
18th
of 132 · 2022
16th
of 139 · 2025
Ranked in 4 of 4 editions
Economic Complexity Index
Growth Lab at Harvard University
39th
of 140 · 1995
28th
of 145 · 2024
Ranked in 30 of 30 editions
Government AI Readiness Index
Oxford Insights
17th
of 172 · 2020
21st
of 195 · 2025
Ranked in 6 of 6 editions
Gaining ground
Where Estonia has climbed against the rest of the world, in percentile points.
- Crop Production Index+60 pts since 2012
- Renewable Share of Electricity Generation+30 pts since 2014
- Food Production Index+19 pts since 2012
Losing ground
Where Estonia has slipped against the rest of the world, in percentile points.
- Unemployment Rate-23 pts since 2015
05In context
Estonia and its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place in the world ranking of 174, not within the region.
Shares a land border with
Placed either side in the Country Index 2026
Across Northern Europe
Every country in the sub-region, by its position in the world (of 174 placed).
- =2
Ireland - 4
Denmark - 5
Sweden - 8
Norway - 9
Iceland - 10
Finland - 17
United Kingdom - 19
Lithuania - 22Estonia
- 27
Latvia - —Channel Islandsnot placed
- —
Faroe Islandsnot placed - —
Isle of Mannot placed
06The evidence
Every statistic we hold for Estonia
Grouped by topic. Each row gives the newest edition’s rank or position, the published value and the year the numbers describe — select a row for the world median, the best in the world and the trend.
Governance & Institutions22
Agriculture Orientation Index38th of 132position · derived0.5Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)2024
top 28% of 132 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)
Estonia 0.5 · world median 0.305 (better)
Best in the world 5.38 (Singapore)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2014
Business Ready: Operational Efficiency4th of 50position · derived80.28Operational efficiency score (0–100)2024
top 6% of 50 countries measured
World Bank Group · Operational efficiency score (0–100)
Estonia 80.28 · world median 65.82 (better)
Best in the world 87.33 (Singapore)
No earlier reading to compare
Business Ready: Public Services1st of 50position · derived73.31Public services score (0–100)2024
top 1% of 50 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public services score (0–100)
Estonia 73.31 · world median 50.13 (better)
Best in the world 73.31 (Estonia)
No earlier reading to compare
Business Ready: Regulatory Framework11th of 50position · derived72.89Regulatory framework score (0–100)2024
top 20% of 50 countries measured
World Bank Group · Regulatory framework score (0–100)
Estonia 72.89 · world median 66.8 (better)
Best in the world 78.34 (Hungary)
No earlier reading to compare
Civic Space Ratings3rd of 198position · derived95.81Civic space score (0–100)2025
top 1% of 198 countries measured
CIVICUS · Civic space score (0–100)
Estonia 95.81 · world median 50.46 (better)
Best in the world 100 (Kiribati)
No earlier reading to compare
Completeness of Birth Registrationtop 14%100Children under 5 whose birth is registered (%)2025
top 14% of 185 countries measured
UNICEF · Children under 5 whose birth is registered (%)
Estonia 100 · world median 98.4 (better)
Best in the world 100 (53 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Corruption Perceptions Index12th of 181rank76CPI score (0–100, where 100 is very clean)2025
top 7% of 182 countries measured · 182 share 181 positions
Transparency International · CPI score (0–100, where 100 is very clean)
Estonia 76 · world median 39 (better)
Best in the world 89 (Denmark)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
General Government Consumption25th of 132position · derived21.46General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)2025
top 18% of 132 countries measured
World Bank Group · General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Estonia 21.46 · world median 16.21
Highest 38.94 (Ukraine)
▲ +13 percentile points since 2015
Government AI Readiness Index21st of 195rank69.56AI readiness score (0–100)2025
top 10% of 195 countries measured
Oxford Insights · AI readiness score (0–100)
Estonia 69.56 · world median 40.19 (better)
Best in the world 88.36 (United States)
No real change since 2020
Government Effectiveness25th of 209position · derived1.297Governance estimate (−2.5 weak to 2.5 strong)2024
top 12% of 209 countries measured
World Bank Group · Governance estimate (−2.5 weak to 2.5 strong)
Estonia 1.297 · world median 0.01 (better)
Best in the world 2.28 (Singapore)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2014
Government Funding per Primary Student18th of 68position · derived21.57Government funding per primary student (% of GDP per capita)2022
top 25% of 68 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Government funding per primary student (% of GDP per capita)
Estonia 21.57 · world median 17.81 (better)
Best in the world 34.57 (South Korea)
▼ -10 percentile points since 2012
Open Data Inventory15th of 168rank79ODIN overall score (0–100)2024
top 9% of 168 countries measured
Open Data Watch · ODIN overall score (0–100)
Estonia 79 · world median 59 (better)
Best in the world 90 (2 countries tied)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2016
Public Sector Employment42nd of 135position · derived21.91Public sector employment (% of total employment)2022
top 31% of 135 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public sector employment (% of total employment)
Estonia 21.91 · world median 15.01
Highest 47.1 (Maldives)
No earlier reading to compare
Public Sector Wage Bill44th of 168position · derived10.71Public sector wage bill (% of GDP)2022
top 26% of 168 countries measured
World Bank Group · Public sector wage bill (% of GDP)
Estonia 10.71 · world median 7.975
Highest 42.65 (Nauru)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2012
Regulatory Quality17th of 209position · derived1.398Regulatory Quality (−2.5 to 2.5)2024
top 8% of 209 countries measured
World Bank Group · Regulatory Quality (−2.5 to 2.5)
Estonia 1.398 · world median -0.09 (better)
Best in the world 2.132 (Singapore)
No real change since 2014
Rule of Law16th of 211position · derived1.486Rule of Law estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2024
top 7% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Rule of Law estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Estonia 1.486 · world median -0.1 (better)
Best in the world 2.021 (Finland)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2014
Statistical Performance Indicators24th of 188position · derived88.79SPI overall score (0–100)2024
top 12% of 188 countries measured
World Bank Group · SPI overall score (0–100)
Estonia 88.79 · world median 69.3 (better)
Best in the world 94.14 (Norway)
No real change since 2016
Trade Union Density122nd of 139position · derived6.017Employees who are trade union members (%)2020
bottom 12% of 139 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employees who are trade union members (%)
Estonia 6.017 · world median 16.68 (worse)
Best in the world 91.42 (Iceland)
No earlier reading to compare
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index5th of 176position · derived0.887Electoral democracy index (0–1)2025
top 3% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Electoral democracy index (0–1)
Estonia 0.887 · world median 0.497 (better)
Best in the world 0.913 (Denmark)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2015
Voice and Accountability15th of 208position · derived1.414Voice and Accountability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2024
top 7% of 208 countries measured
World Bank Group · Voice and Accountability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Estonia 1.414 · world median -0.02 (better)
Best in the world 1.929 (Norway)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2014
Women, Business and the Law15th of 190position · derived97.5WBL Index (0–100, where 100 is full legal parity)2024
top 9% of 190 countries measured
World Bank Group · WBL Index (0–100, where 100 is full legal parity)
Estonia 97.5 · world median 81.25 (better)
Best in the world 100 (14 countries tied)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2014
Economy & Innovation36
Account Ownership at a Financial Institution8th of 139position · derived98.9Adults with an account (% of population aged 15+)2024
top 5% of 139 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adults with an account (% of population aged 15+)
Estonia 98.9 · world median 72.83 (better)
Best in the world 99.85 (Iceland)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2014
Adjusted Net Savings27th of 118position · derived16.51Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)2021
top 22% of 118 countries measured
World Bank Group · Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)
Estonia 16.51 · world median 8.389 (better)
Best in the world 32.18 (Bangladesh)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2011
Agricultural Land140th of 209position · derived23.12Agricultural land (% of land area)2023
bottom 33% of 209 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Agricultural land (% of land area)
Estonia 23.12 · world median 37.96
Highest 86.48 (Côte d’Ivoire)
No real change since 2013
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added (% of GDP)132nd of 158position · derived1.647Agriculture, forestry and fishing value added (% of GDP)2025
bottom 17% of 158 countries measured
World Bank Group · Agriculture, forestry and fishing value added (% of GDP)
Estonia 1.647 · world median 6.572
Highest 47.59 (Niger)
▼ -13 percentile points since 2015
Cereal Yield83rd of 179position · derived3,410Cereal yield (kg per hectare)2023
top 46% of 179 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
Estonia 3,410 · world median 3,072 (better)
Best in the world 29,147 (Oman)
No real change since 2013
Container Port Traffic89th of 103position · derived261,822Container port traffic (TEU, twenty-foot equivalent units)2024
bottom 14% of 103 countries measured
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · Container port traffic (TEU, twenty-foot equivalent units)
Estonia 261,822 · world median 1,827,788
Highest 299,703,800 (China)
▼ -27 percentile points since 2014
Crop Production Index50th of 195position · derived118.97Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
top 25% of 195 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Estonia 118.97 · world median 106.23 (better)
Best in the world 189.93 (Senegal)
▲ +60 percentile points since 2012
Economic Complexity Index28th of 145rank0.89ECI score (standardised, roughly −3 to +3)2024
top 19% of 145 countries measured
Growth Lab at Harvard University · ECI score (standardised, roughly −3 to +3)
Estonia 0.89 · world median 0.131 (better)
Best in the world 1.729 (Japan)
No real change since 2014
Exports of Goods and Services (% of GDP)14th of 138position · derived78.36Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)2025
top 9% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Estonia 78.36 · world median 36.34
Highest 199.76 (Hong Kong)
No real change since 2015
Fertilizer Consumption per Hectare103rd of 188position · derived74.86Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land)2023
bottom 46% of 191 countries measured · 191 share 188 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land)
Estonia 74.86 · world median 87.36
Highest 2,926 (Malaysia)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2013
Food Production Index104th of 195position · derived105.65Food production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
bottom 47% of 195 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Food production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Estonia 105.65 · world median 106.08 (worse)
Best in the world 177.49 (Senegal)
▲ +19 percentile points since 2012
GDP Growth168th of 186position · derived0.584GDP growth (annual %)2025
bottom 10% of 186 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP growth (annual %)
Estonia 0.584 · world median 3.396 (worse)
Best in the world 19.34 (Guyana)
▼ -25 percentile points since 2015
GDP per Capita (PPP)45th of 185position · derived41,604GDP per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)2025
top 24% of 185 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP per capita (constant 2021 international $, PPP)
Estonia 41,604 · world median 17,265 (better)
Best in the world 139,593 (Singapore)
No real change since 2015
Gini Index48th of 73position · derived · 1 = worst32.25Gini index (0 = perfect equality, 100 = perfect inequality)2022
top 35% of 73 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gini index (0 = perfect equality, 100 = perfect inequality)
Estonia 32.25 · world median 33.91 (better)
Best in the world 24.08 (Slovakia)
No real change since 2012
Global Innovation Index16th of 139rank51.09GII score (0–100)2025
top 11% of 139 countries measured
World Intellectual Property Organization · GII score (0–100)
Estonia 51.09 · world median 28.52 (better)
Best in the world 65.96 (Switzerland)
▲ +2 percentile points since 2022
Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)48th of 131position · derived24.85Gross capital formation (% of GDP)2025
top 36% of 131 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
Estonia 24.85 · world median 22.93
Highest 45.27 (Algeria)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2015
Gross Savings (% of GDP)62nd of 146position · derived23.97Gross savings (% of GDP)2024
top 42% of 146 countries measured
World Bank Group · Gross savings (% of GDP)
Estonia 23.97 · world median 22.06
Highest 47.82 (Macau)
▼ -19 percentile points since 2014
Household Consumption100th of 131position · derived52.66Household and NPISH final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)2025
bottom 24% of 131 countries measured
World Bank Group · Household and NPISH final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)
Estonia 52.66 · world median 62.04
Highest 133.34 (Somalia)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2015
ICT Goods Exports17th of 119position · derived8.38ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports)2024
top 13% of 120 countries measured · 120 share 119 positions
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports)
Estonia 8.38 · world median 0.975 (better)
Best in the world 61.45 (Hong Kong)
▼ -5 percentile points since 2014
Imports of Goods and Services (% of GDP)16th of 138position · derived77.4Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)2025
top 11% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
Estonia 77.4 · world median 41.72
Highest 196.89 (Hong Kong)
▲ +2 percentile points since 2015
Industry Value Added including Construction (% of GDP)115th of 158position · derived19.73Industry, including construction, value added (% of GDP)2025
bottom 27% of 158 countries measured
World Bank Group · Industry, including construction, value added (% of GDP)
Estonia 19.73 · world median 24.65
Highest 75.09 (Guyana)
▼ -21 percentile points since 2015
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index22nd of 169position · derived0.841IHDI (0–1)2023
top 13% of 169 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · IHDI (0–1)
Estonia 0.841 · world median 0.609 (better)
Best in the world 0.923 (Iceland)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2014
Liner Shipping Connectivity Index120th of 175rank27.42LSCI (index, average Q1 2023 = 100)2026
bottom 30% of 167 countries measured · 167 share 175 positions
UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD) · LSCI (index, average Q1 2023 = 100)
Estonia 27.42 · world median 56.21 (worse)
Best in the world 1,319 (China)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2016
Livestock Density151st of 188position · derived0.24Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land2023
bottom 20% of 188 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land
Estonia 0.24 · world median 0.535
Highest 43.97 (Singapore)
▼ -7 percentile points since 2013
Livestock Production Index160th of 194position · derived94.58Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
bottom 18% of 194 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100)
Estonia 94.58 · world median 107.06 (worse)
Best in the world 190.08 (Malawi)
▼ -29 percentile points since 2012
Logistics Performance Index26th of 139rank3.6LPI score (1–5)2023
top 21% of 139 countries measured
World Bank Group · LPI score (1–5)
Estonia 3.6 · world median 2.9 (better)
Best in the world 4.3 (Singapore)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2014
Manufacturing Value Added (% of GDP)70th of 132position · derived10.78Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)2025
bottom 47% of 132 countries measured
World Bank Group · Manufacturing value added (% of GDP)
Estonia 10.78 · world median 11.26
Highest 43.97 (Puerto Rico)
▼ -21 percentile points since 2015
Poverty Gap at $3.00 a Day41st of 69position · derived · 1 = worst0.34Poverty gap at $3.00 a day, 2021 PPP (%)2022
top 44% of 73 countries measured · 73 share 69 positions
World Bank Group · Poverty gap at $3.00 a day, 2021 PPP (%)
Estonia 0.34 · world median 0.42 (better)
Best in the world 0 (5 countries tied)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2012
Poverty Headcount Ratio at $3.00 a Day48th of 71position · derived · 1 = worst0.5Population below $3.00 a day, 2021 PPP (%)2022
top 35% of 73 countries measured · 73 share 71 positions
World Bank Group · Population below $3.00 a day, 2021 PPP (%)
Estonia 0.5 · world median 1.05 (better)
Best in the world 0 (3 countries tied)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2012
Poverty Headcount Ratio at $8.30 a Day54th of 73position · derived · 1 = worst2.03Population below $8.30 a day, 2021 PPP (%)2022
top 26% of 73 countries measured
World Bank Group · Population below $8.30 a day, 2021 PPP (%)
Estonia 2.03 · world median 10.79 (better)
Best in the world 0.04 (Cyprus)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2012
Prosperity Gap55th of 73position · derived · 1 = worst1.182Average factor incomes must rise by to reach $28 a day2022
top 25% of 73 countries measured
World Bank Group · Average factor incomes must rise by to reach $28 a day
Estonia 1.182 · world median 2.118 (better)
Best in the world 0.43 (Luxembourg)
▲ +10 percentile points since 2012
Research and Development Spending20th of 84position · derived1.839Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)2023
top 23% of 84 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP)
Estonia 1.839 · world median 0.814 (better)
Best in the world 6.346 (Israel)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP)98th of 180position · derived1.721Natural resources rents (% of GDP)2021
top 49% of 197 countries measured · 197 share 180 positions
World Bank Group · Natural resources rents (% of GDP)
Estonia 1.721 · world median 1.708
Highest 61.03 (Libya)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2011
Trade (% of GDP)12th of 138position · derived155.76Exports plus imports (% of GDP)2025
top 8% of 138 countries measured
World Bank Group · Exports plus imports (% of GDP)
Estonia 155.76 · world median 79.68
Highest 396.65 (Hong Kong)
No real change since 2015
World Energy Trilemma Index7th of 99rank80.2Trilemma score (0–100)2023
top 6% of 126 countries measured · 126 share 99 positions
World Energy Council · Trilemma score (0–100)
Estonia 80.2 · world median 63.8 (better)
Best in the world 83.2 (Denmark)
No earlier reading to compare
Work & Labour19
Average Weekly Hours Worked158th of 182position · derived31.6Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person2025
bottom 13% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person
Estonia 31.6 · world median 38.89
Highest 54.7 (Bhutan)
▼ -12 percentile points since 2015
Employment in Agriculture143rd of 182position · derived2.957Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)2025
bottom 22% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)
Estonia 2.957 · world median 14.38
Highest 85.34 (Burundi)
No real change since 2015
Employment in Industry35th of 182position · derived26Employment in industry (% of total employment)2025
top 19% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in industry (% of total employment)
Estonia 26 · world median 18.88
Highest 39.44 (Oman)
▼ -13 percentile points since 2015
Employment in Services57th of 182position · derived71.05Employment in services (% of total employment)2025
top 31% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employment in services (% of total employment)
Estonia 71.05 · world median 59.51
Highest 92.17 (Djibouti)
▲ +8 percentile points since 2015
Employment-to-Population Ratio77th of 182position · derived59.71Employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)2025
top 42% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)
Estonia 59.71 · world median 57.72 (better)
Best in the world 86.9 (Qatar)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2015
Fatal Occupational Injuriestop 33%1.4Fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers2023
top 33% of 52 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers
Estonia 1.4 · world median 2.005 (better)
Best in the world 0.12 (Belgium)
▲ +18 percentile points since 2013
Female Labour Force Participation Rate45th of 182position · derived60.98Women aged 15+ in the labour force (%)2025
top 24% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Women aged 15+ in the labour force (%)
Estonia 60.98 · world median 53.36 (better)
Best in the world 82.91 (Madagascar)
▲ +12 percentile points since 2015
Female Share of Senior and Middle Management43rd of 86position · derived36.03Women in senior and middle management (% of managers)2024
top 49% of 86 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Women in senior and middle management (% of managers)
Estonia 36.03 · world median 35.86 (better)
Best in the world 56.69 (Nauru)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2014
Firms with a Female Top Manager113th of 179position · derived16Firms with a female top manager (%)2025
bottom 37% of 179 countries measured
World Bank Group · Firms with a female top manager (%)
Estonia 16 · world median 19.16 (worse)
Best in the world 62.9 (Kiribati)
No earlier reading to compare
GDP per Person Employed47th of 168position · derived82,213GDP per person employed (constant 2021 international $)2025
top 28% of 168 countries measured
World Bank Group · GDP per person employed (constant 2021 international $)
Estonia 82,213 · world median 47,384 (better)
Best in the world 262,554 (Luxembourg)
No real change since 2015
Informal Employment Rate73rd of 97position · derived · 1 = worst6.104Informal employment (% of total employment)2025
top 25% of 97 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Informal employment (% of total employment)
Estonia 6.104 · world median 36.83 (better)
Best in the world 0.857 (Hungary)
No earlier reading to compare
Labour Force Participation Rate57th of 182position · derived65.13Population aged 15+ in the labour force (%)2025
top 31% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Population aged 15+ in the labour force (%)
Estonia 65.13 · world median 61.66 (better)
Best in the world 87.01 (Qatar)
▲ +16 percentile points since 2015
Labour Productivity per Hour Worked42nd of 182position · derived51.33Output per hour worked (constant 2021 international $ at PPP)2025
top 23% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Output per hour worked (constant 2021 international $ at PPP)
Estonia 51.33 · world median 22.16 (better)
Best in the world 164.65 (Ireland)
No real change since 2015
Self-Employment Rate156th of 182position · derived12.07Self-employed (% of total employment)2025
bottom 14% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Self-employed (% of total employment)
Estonia 12.07 · world median 31.84
Highest 91.56 (Chad)
No real change since 2015
Unemployment Rate49th of 182position · derived · 1 = worst8.313Unemployment (% of labour force)2025
bottom 27% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Unemployment (% of labour force)
Estonia 8.313 · world median 5.084 (worse)
Best in the world 0.13 (Qatar)
▼ -23 percentile points since 2015
Vulnerable Employment161st of 182position · derived · 1 = worst7.093Vulnerable employment (% of total employment)2025
top 12% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Vulnerable employment (% of total employment)
Estonia 7.093 · world median 28.67 (better)
Best in the world 0.456 (Qatar)
No real change since 2015
Youth Not in Education, Employment or Training71st of 97position · derived · 1 = worst10.23Youth not in education, employment or training (%)2024
top 27% of 97 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Youth not in education, employment or training (%)
Estonia 10.23 · world median 14.31 (better)
Best in the world 3.975 (Iceland)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2014
Youth Unemployment Rate50th of 182position · derived · 1 = worst19.7Unemployment, ages 15-24 (% of youth labour force)2025
bottom 27% of 182 countries measured
International Labour Organization (ILO) · Unemployment, ages 15-24 (% of youth labour force)
Estonia 19.7 · world median 12.83 (worse)
Best in the world 0.457 (Niger)
▼ -22 percentile points since 2015
Education & Knowledge15
Adult Literacy Rate8th of 172position · derived99.89Adults 15+ who can read and write (%)2024
top 4% of 172 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Adults 15+ who can read and write (%)
Estonia 99.89 · world median 93.99 (better)
Best in the world 100 (3 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Expected Years of Schooling45th of 195position · derived15.97Expected years of schooling2023
top 23% of 195 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Expected years of schooling
Estonia 15.97 · world median 13.34 (better)
Best in the world 21.69 (Monaco)
▼ -9 percentile points since 2013
Inbound Mobility Rate, Tertiary27th of 75position · derived9.771Inbound mobility rate, tertiary (%)2024
top 35% of 76 countries measured · 76 share 75 positions
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Inbound mobility rate, tertiary (%)
Estonia 9.771 · world median 5.494 (better)
Best in the world 87.12 (San Marino)
▲ +13 percentile points since 2014
Mean Years of Schooling7th of 193position · derived13.56Mean years of schooling (adults 25+)2023
top 3% of 193 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Mean years of schooling (adults 25+)
Estonia 13.56 · world median 9.933 (better)
Best in the world 14.3 (Germany)
▼ -2 percentile points since 2013
Out-of-School Rate, Primary66th of 121position · derived · 1 = worst3.388Out-of-school rate, primary age (%)2024
top 46% of 121 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Out-of-school rate, primary age (%)
Estonia 3.388 · world median 3.691 (better)
Best in the world 0.004 (United Arab Emirates)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2014
PISA Mathematics Performance7th of 79position · derived509.95Mean mathematics score2022
top 8% of 79 countries measured
OECD · Mean mathematics score
Estonia 509.95 · world median 442.09 (better)
Best in the world 574.66 (Singapore)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2012
PISA Reading Performance6th of 79position · derived511.03Mean reading score2022
top 6% of 79 countries measured
OECD · Mean reading score
Estonia 511.03 · world median 440.35 (better)
Best in the world 542.55 (Singapore)
▲ +9 percentile points since 2012
PISA Science Performance6th of 79position · derived525.81Mean science score2022
top 6% of 79 countries measured
OECD · Mean science score
Estonia 525.81 · world median 446.93 (better)
Best in the world 561.43 (Singapore)
No real change since 2012
Primary Completion Rate40th of 165position · derived99.51Primary completion rate (%)2025
top 24% of 165 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Primary completion rate (%)
Estonia 99.51 · world median 97.43 (better)
Best in the world 100 (5 countries tied)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2015
School Life Expectancy30th of 77position · derived15.6School life expectancy, primary to tertiary (years)2024
top 38% of 77 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · School life expectancy, primary to tertiary (years)
Estonia 15.6 · world median 14.59 (better)
Best in the world 21.01 (Monaco)
▼ -19 percentile points since 2014
Secondary School Enrolment16th of 109position · derived108.54Gross secondary enrolment ratio (%)2024
top 14% of 109 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross secondary enrolment ratio (%)
Estonia 108.54 · world median 93.19 (better)
Best in the world 158.55 (Monaco)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2014
Tertiary Enrolment Ratio34th of 95position · derived65.67Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary (%)2024
top 35% of 95 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary (%)
Estonia 65.67 · world median 52.77 (better)
Best in the world 141.86 (Macau)
▼ -21 percentile points since 2014
Upper Secondary Attainment13th of 95position · derived86.62Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%)2023
top 13% of 95 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%)
Estonia 86.62 · world median 65.76 (better)
Best in the world 97.89 (Belarus)
▼ -6 percentile points since 2013
Upper Secondary Completion Rate50th of 164position · derived85.87Upper secondary completion rate (%)2025
top 30% of 164 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · Upper secondary completion rate (%)
Estonia 85.87 · world median 64.87 (better)
Best in the world 99.27 (South Korea)
▼ -7 percentile points since 2015
Youth Literacy Ratetop 5%99.9515–24 year-olds who can read and write (%)2024
top 5% of 174 countries measured
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) · 15–24 year-olds who can read and write (%)
Estonia 99.95 · world median 98.22 (better)
Best in the world 100 (6 countries tied)
No earlier reading to compare
Health & Wellbeing13
Births Attended by Skilled Health Staff26th of 86position · derived99.7Births attended by skilled health staff (%)2019
top 31% of 86 countries measured
UNICEF · Births attended by skilled health staff (%)
Estonia 99.7 · world median 98.8 (better)
Best in the world 100 (11 countries tied)
No real change since 2009
Dietary Energy Supply45th of 155position · derived3,349Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)2024
top 29% of 155 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)
Estonia 3,349 · world median 2,982 (better)
Best in the world 3,962 (United States)
No real change since 2014
Gender Inequality Index23rd of 172rank0.061GII (0 = full equality, 1 = maximum inequality)2023
top 13% of 172 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · GII (0 = full equality, 1 = maximum inequality)
Estonia 0.061 · world median 0.351 (better)
Best in the world 0.003 (Denmark)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2013
Global Violent Deaths132nd of 206position · derived · 1 = worst2.26Violent deaths per 100,000 people2021
top 37% of 209 countries measured · 209 share 206 positions
Small Arms Survey · Violent deaths per 100,000 people
Estonia 2.26 · world median 4.02 (better)
Best in the world 0 (4 countries tied)
▲ +17 percentile points since 2011
Human Capital Index12th of 172position · derived0.777HCI score (0–1)2020
top 6% of 172 countries measured
World Bank Group · HCI score (0–1)
Estonia 0.777 · world median 0.564 (better)
Best in the world 0.879 (Singapore)
▲ +17 percentile points since 2010
Human Development Index36th of 193rank0.905HDI score (0–1)2023
top 18% of 193 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · HDI score (0–1)
Estonia 0.905 · world median 0.762 (better)
Best in the world 0.972 (Iceland)
▼ -4 percentile points since 2013
Life Expectancy at Birth58th of 222position · derived79.15Years a newborn would live at current death rates2023
top 26% of 222 countries measured
UN DESA Population Division · Years a newborn would live at current death rates
Estonia 79.15 · world median 74.63 (better)
Best in the world 86.37 (Monaco)
No real change since 2013
Maternal Mortality Ratio170th of 195position · derived · 1 = worst4.96Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births2023
top 13% of 195 countries measured
UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG) · Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
Estonia 4.96 · world median 46.65 (better)
Best in the world 0.11 (Cook Islands)
No real change since 2013
Pesticide Use per Hectare110th of 178position · derived1.09Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland)2024
bottom 39% of 181 countries measured · 181 share 178 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland)
Estonia 1.09 · world median 1.73
Highest 37.72 (Antigua and Barbuda)
No real change since 2014
Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity113th of 127position · derived · 1 = worst1.1Population in severe food insecurity (%)2023
top 14% of 133 countries measured · 133 share 127 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Population in severe food insecurity (%)
Estonia 1.1 · world median 4.7 (better)
Best in the world 0 (7 countries tied)
No real change since 2015
Prevalence of Undernourishment104th of 104position · derived · 1 = worst2.5Population undernourished (%)2023
top 19% of 165 countries measured · 165 share 104 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Population undernourished (%)
Estonia 2.5 · world median 5.2 (better)
Best in the world 2.5 (62 countries tied)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2013
Stunting Prevalence in Children Under Five157th of 162position · derived · 1 = worst1.212Children under 5 who are stunted (%)2024
top 3% of 162 countries measured
UNICEF, WHO and World Bank Group (Joint Malnutrition Estimates) · Children under 5 who are stunted (%)
Estonia 1.212 · world median 13.8 (better)
Best in the world 0.518 (Latvia)
No earlier reading to compare
Under-Five Mortality Rate199th of 200position · derived · 1 = worst2.016Deaths before age five (per 1,000 live births)2024
top 1% of 200 countries measured
UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) · Deaths before age five (per 1,000 live births)
Estonia 2.016 · world median 14.54 (better)
Best in the world 1.26 (San Marino)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2014
Development & Human Capital10
Access to Electricitytop 28%100Population with electricity access (%)2024
top 28% of 215 countries measured
World Bank Group · Population with electricity access (%)
Estonia 100 · world median 100
Best in the world 100 (122 countries tied)
▼ -8 percentile points since 2014
Agricultural Irrigated Land112th of 121position · derived0.199Irrigated share of agricultural land (%)2023
bottom 8% of 121 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Irrigated share of agricultural land (%)
Estonia 0.199 · world median 3.66
Highest 89.04 (Bangladesh)
No earlier reading to compare
Arable Land per Person15th of 206position · derived0.519Arable land (hectares per person)2023
top 7% of 206 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Arable land (hectares per person)
Estonia 0.519 · world median 0.109
Highest 1.459 (Kazakhstan)
No real change since 2013
Cereal Import Dependency Ratiobottom 5%-119.5Share of the cereal supply that is imported (%)2022
bottom 5% of 161 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Share of the cereal supply that is imported (%)
Estonia -119.5 · world median 42.8
Highest 100 (16 countries tied)
▼ -3 percentile points since 2012
Coefficient of Human Inequality156th of 169position · derived · 1 = worst6.774Coefficient of Human Inequality (%)2023
top 8% of 169 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Coefficient of Human Inequality (%)
Estonia 6.774 · world median 17.05 (better)
Best in the world 4.865 (Slovenia)
▲ +7 percentile points since 2014
Gender Development Index69th of 184position · derived1.023Gender Development Index (1.000 = parity)2023
top 37% of 184 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · Gender Development Index (1.000 = parity)
Estonia 1.023 · world median 0.971 (better)
Best in the world 1 (2 countries tied)
▼ -19 percentile points since 2013
Land Under Cereal Production106th of 179position · derived352,150Land under cereal production (hectares)2023
bottom 41% of 180 countries measured · 180 share 179 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Land under cereal production (hectares)
Estonia 352,150 · world median 689,278
Highest 103,715,108 (India)
▲ +3 percentile points since 2013
Organic Agricultural Area5th of 150position · derived22.61Organic share of agricultural land (%)2024
top 3% of 156 countries measured · 156 share 150 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Organic share of agricultural land (%)
Estonia 22.61 · world median 0.725 (better)
Best in the world 86.38 (Samoa)
No real change since 2014
Planetary pressures-adjusted HDI55th of 156position · derived0.714PHDI (0–1)2023
top 35% of 156 countries measured
UNDP Human Development Report Office · PHDI (0–1)
Estonia 0.714 · world median 0.678 (better)
Best in the world 0.827 (United Kingdom)
▲ +5 percentile points since 2013
Water Withdrawal by Sector166th of 171position · derived0.415Freshwater withdrawn for agriculture (% of total)2022
bottom 4% of 173 countries measured · 173 share 171 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Freshwater withdrawn for agriculture (% of total)
Estonia 0.415 · world median 62.14
Highest 99.48 (Somalia)
No real change since 2012
Environment & Sustainability7
Agricultural Emissions105th of 193position · derived7,777Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq)2023
bottom 47% of 198 countries measured · 198 share 193 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq)
Estonia 7,777 · world median 8,635
Highest 1,044,508 (India)
No real change since 2013
Ecological Footprint5th of 126position · derived · 1 = worst6.669Ecological Footprint (global hectares per person)2025
bottom 3% of 126 countries measured
Global Footprint Network · Ecological Footprint (global hectares per person)
Estonia 6.669 · world median 2.296 (worse)
Best in the world 0.514 (Yemen)
No real change since 2015
Forest Area33rd of 210position · derived57.07Forest area (% of land area)2023
top 15% of 213 countries measured · 213 share 210 positions
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Forest area (% of land area)
Estonia 57.07 · world median 31.08
Highest 94.45 (Suriname)
▲ +4 percentile points since 2013
Renewable Internal Freshwater Resources per Capita48th of 181position · derived9,423Renewable internal freshwater (cubic metres per person)2022
top 26% of 181 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Renewable internal freshwater (cubic metres per person)
Estonia 9,423 · world median 2,528 (better)
Best in the world 445,023 (Iceland)
No real change since 2012
Renewable Share of Electricity Generation59th of 190position · derived55.66Renewables (% of electricity generated)2024
top 30% of 193 countries measured · 193 share 190 positions
Ember · Renewables (% of electricity generated)
Estonia 55.66 · world median 31.14 (better)
Best in the world 100 (7 countries tied)
▲ +30 percentile points since 2014
Water Stress95th of 177position · derived · 1 = worst8.58Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)2023
top 47% of 177 countries measured
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) · Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)
Estonia 8.58 · world median 10 (better)
Best in the world 0.03 (Republic of the Congo)
▲ +15 percentile points since 2013
World Risk Index158th of 193position · derived · 1 = worst1.84WorldRiskIndex score (0–100, where 100 is the most at risk)2025
top 18% of 193 countries measured
Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict (IFHV), Ruhr University Bochum · WorldRiskIndex score (0–100, where 100 is the most at risk)
Estonia 1.84 · world median 4.17 (better)
Best in the world 0.18 (Monaco)
No real change since 2015
Gender & Equality2
Social Institutions and Gender Index119th of 140position · derived · 1 = worst13.1SIGI score (0 = no discrimination, 100 = absolute)2023
top 15% of 140 countries measured
OECD · SIGI score (0 = no discrimination, 100 = absolute)
Estonia 13.1 · world median 25.2 (better)
Best in the world 6.7 (Norway)
No earlier reading to compare
Peace & Security5
Deaths in Organized Violence59th of 59position · derived · 1 = worst0Deaths in organized violence (people)2025
top 35% of 196 countries measured · 196 share 59 positions
Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) · Deaths in organized violence (people)
Estonia 0 · world median 0
Best in the world 0 (138 countries tied)
No real change since 2015
Global Militarisation Index23rd of 149rank · 1 = worst160.84GMI score (higher means a heavier military weight)2023
bottom 15% of 149 countries measured
Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies (BICC) · GMI score (higher means a heavier military weight)
Estonia 160.84 · world median 100.66 (worse)
Best in the world 3.512 (Haiti)
▼ -13 percentile points since 2013
INFORM Risk Index174th of 191position · derived · 1 = worst1.9INFORM Risk score (0–10, where 10 is the highest risk)2025
top 7% of 191 countries measured
European Commission Joint Research Centre, with the Inter-Agency Standing Committee · INFORM Risk score (0–10, where 10 is the highest risk)
Estonia 1.9 · world median 3.7 (better)
Best in the world 0.7 (Singapore)
▲ +6 percentile points since 2016
Physical Violence Index11th of 176position · derived0.98Freedom from political killings and torture (0–1)2025
top 6% of 176 countries measured
V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · Freedom from political killings and torture (0–1)
Estonia 0.98 · world median 0.79 (better)
Best in the world 0.989 (2 countries tied)
No real change since 2015
Political Stability and Absence of Violence63rd of 211position · derived0.7Political Stability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)2024
top 30% of 211 countries measured
World Bank Group · Political Stability estimate (−2.5 to 2.5)
Estonia 0.7 · world median 0.04 (better)
Best in the world 1.582 (Liechtenstein)
▼ -7 percentile points since 2014
Not currently covered
The newest edition of these reports does not include Estonia. Usually the publisher does not cover it; sometimes it has dropped out of a ranking it used to appear in.
- Child Marriage
- Children with Functional Difficulties
- Cost of Sending Remittances · last seen 2021
- Country Policy and Institutional Assessment
- Debt Service on External Debt
- Exclusive Breastfeeding Under Six Months
- External Debt Stocks (% of GNI)
- Female Genital Mutilation Prevalence
- Global Multidimensional Poverty Index
- Global Report on Food Crises
- GNI per Capita (PPP) · last seen 2024
- Government Spending on Education · last seen 2022
- INFORM Severity Index · last seen 2024
- Internal Displacements by Disaster
- Net Official Development Assistance Received
- Pre-Primary Net Enrolment Rate · last seen 2012
- Violent Discipline of Children
- Working Poverty Rate
07Keep reading
Explore further
08Method
Sources and how to read them
How to read this page
- The scores and ranks belong to their publishers. Nothing is adjusted, rescaled or re-ranked; each is reproduced from the edition named beside it. Where a row says position · derived, the publisher ranks nobody on that measure and the position is ours, made by ordering the published score.
- Each statistic shows its newest edition, which is not always the edition the Country Index uses: the index pins every source to one data year so its average compares like with like.
How a standing is built from percentiles, why Estonia can move because other countries moved, and why publishers measure between 120 and 215 countries each are set out in full in how a standing is made and what a standing cannot tell you.
Sources
- Statistics: 27 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
- Capital, languages, currency, codes: Wikidata, public domain (CC0).
- Map and land borders: Natural Earth, public domain. Borders are de facto — where administration actually changes — not claimed.
Photographs
The photograph of Estonia on this page comes from Wikimedia Commons and is shown in greyscale. The photographer and the licence are named beside each one.
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Estonia: country statistics, rankings and trends. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/estonia