Photo: Andrus Uuetalu derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0 ee · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Topic 16 of 18 · Country Index 2026
Estonia: Energy
Where does a country’s electricity come from, and who can get it?
Estonia is placed 34th of 165 countries on energy in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 3 key statistics. Readings behind it: Carbon Intensity of Electricity 344.17 (2024); Renewable Share of Electricity Generation 55.66 (2024).
Share
Energy
34th
of 165 countries placed
Placed from 3 of 3 key statistics
01The evidence
The 3 key statistics that decide it
Only these place Estonia on energy — one vote each. Every value is the publisher’s own, read at the edition the Country Index 2026 used; the grey ticks are every other country it was compared with, lowest on the left.
344.17
Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)
Lower is better
Estonia: 344.17. Across the 165 countries in this edition, values run from 23.73 (Bhutan) to 1,306 (Turkmenistan); the world median is 433.75.
- World median
- 433.75
- Best in Northern Europe
- 27.82 Iceland
- Land neighbours
- Latvia 134.52
55.66
Renewables (% of electricity generated)
Higher is better
Estonia: 55.66. Across the 165 countries in this edition, values run from 0 (Gambia) to 100 (Paraguay); the world median is 32.06.
- World median
- 32.06
- Best in Northern Europe
- 100 Iceland
- Land neighbours
- Latvia 73.5
Key 3 of 3
World Energy Trilemma Index
World Energy Council
2023 edition · data for 2023 · Express reuse grant (no Creative Commons licence named)
80.2
Trilemma score (0–100)
Higher is better
Ranked 7th of 99 by World Energy Council
Estonia: 80.2. Across the 126 countries in this edition, values run from 27.7 (Niger) to 83.2 (Denmark); the world median is 63.8.
- World median
- 63.8
- Best in Northern Europe
- 83.2 Denmark
- Land neighbours
- Latvia 76.3 · Russia 66.1
02Over time
Which way Estonia is moving
Each key’s published value, edition by edition, beside the world median. The Country Index 2026 is the first edition of the standing, so the standing itself has no history to chart yet.
Carbon Intensity of Electricity
Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated) · lower is better
EstoniaWorld median
Estonia fell from 634.31 in 2000 to 344.17 in 2024; the world median went from 540.34 to 433.75.
Every year’s figures
Year Estonia World median 2024 344.2 433.7 2023 395.3 452.7 2022 487.5 476.3 2021 450.3 469.0 2020 404.4 482.0 2019 511.4 488.2 2018 574.2 500.4 2017 582.7 506.3 2016 587.8 521.9 2015 573.3 524.8 2014 596.7 522.3 2013 606.5 508.8 2012 592.1 525.4 2011 604.9 521.4 2010 609.8 515.5 2009 621.4 533.6 2008 633.6 517.2 2007 642.0 535.3 2006 632.0 537.5 2005 634.4 521.4 2004 639.2 523.1 2003 639.3 543.1 2002 635.8 551.3 2001 633.5 559.3 2000 634.3 540.3 Renewable Share of Electricity Generation
Renewables (% of electricity generated) · higher is better
EstoniaWorld median
Estonia rose from 0.118 in 2000 to 55.66 in 2024; the world median went from 15.61 to 32.06.
Every year’s figures
Year Estonia World median 2024 55.66 32.062 2023 48.78 28.000 2022 31.99 28.881 2021 39.92 28.286 2020 48.85 27.125 2019 28.12 26.296 2018 16.09 25.505 2017 14.13 24.023 2016 13.07 22.218 2015 15.37 21.915 2014 11.17 21.151 2013 9.26 21.593 2012 12.29 19.869 2011 9.15 18.584 2010 8.10 18.572 2009 6.15 17.886 2008 1.89 15.923 2007 1.15 15.586 2006 1.34 15.392 2005 1.08 16.438 2004 0.58 16.445 2003 0.49 16.339 2002 0.35 13.826 2001 0.24 14.023 2000 0.12 15.612
03In context
Estonia beside its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place among all 165 countries on energy, never a place within the region.
Estonia and the countries it borders
Standing among all 165; the key columns are the publishers’ own values.
| Country | Standing | Carbon Intensity of ElectricityCarbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated) | Renewable Share of Electricity GenerationRenewables (% of electricity generated) | World Energy Trilemma IndexTrilemma score (0–100) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Latvia | 23rd | 134.52 | 73.5 | 76.3 |
| Estonia | 34th | 344.17 | 55.66 | 80.2 |
 Russia | not placed | — | — | 66.1 |
“—”: no published reading in that edition. What a standing is
Across Northern Europe
Every country in the sub-region, by its place among all 165.
Placed either side on energy
The countries immediately above and below Estonia in the topic’s list.
04Context, no vote
Where Estonia is ahead of the world, and behind
22 more statistics filed under energy, published in full and deliberately given no vote in the standing. Select a row for the publisher, the rank and the links.
Ahead of the world median5
Statistics on which Estonia does better than the middle country measured.
Wind and Solar Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 5.27933.735.279▲ Improved since 2014
Estonia: 33.73 · world median 5.279 · Wind and solar (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 69.12; higher is better.
Energy Intensity of GDP (PPP)EIA · 2024 · world median 2.7382.0592.738No real change since 2014
Estonia: 2.059 · world median 2.738 · Energy use per dollar of GDP (thousand Btu per US$ at PPP). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.666 to 17.45; lower is better.
Firms Owning or Sharing a GeneratorWorld Bank Group · 2026 · world median 24.8514.4524.85No earlier reading
Estonia: 14.45 · world median 24.85 · Firms owning or sharing a generator (%). World Bank Group, 2026 edition, data for 2026.
Published values in that edition run from 0.158 to 90.51; lower is better.
Low-Carbon Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 37.3255.6637.32▲ Improved since 2014
Estonia: 55.66 · world median 37.32 · Low-carbon sources (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 100; higher is better.
Position 64th of 162 · derived.
Firms Identifying Electricity as a Major ConstraintWorld Bank Group · 2026 · world median 25.7723.3725.77No earlier reading
Estonia: 23.37 · world median 25.77 · Firms rating electricity a major or very severe constraint (%). World Bank Group, 2026 edition, data for 2026.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 84.77; lower is better.
Position 102nd of 179 · derived, 1st = worst.
Behind the world median1
Statistics on which Estonia does worse than the middle country measured.
CO₂ Emissions per CapitaGlobal Carbon Project · 2024 · world median 3.216.1053.21▲ Improved since 2014
Estonia: 6.105 · world median 3.21 · Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person). Global Carbon Project, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.054 to 41.27; lower is better.
Position 51st of 210 · derived, 1st = worst.
Level with the median, or no median to compare4
Access to ElectricityWorld Bank Group · 2024 · world median 100100100▼ Worsened since 2014
Estonia: 100 · world median 100 · Population with electricity access (%). World Bank Group, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 5.4 to 100; higher is better.
Access to Electricity, RuralWorld Bank Group · 2024 · world median 100100100▼ Worsened since 2014
Estonia: 100 · world median 100 · Rural population with electricity access (%). World Bank Group, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.7 to 100; higher is better.
Primary Schools with ElectricityUIS · 2024 · world median 100100100No real change since 2016
Estonia: 100 · world median 100 · Primary schools with access to electricity (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 1.246 to 100; higher is better.
Coal Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 000▲ Improved since 2014
Estonia: 0 · world median 0 · Coal (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 98.25; lower is better.
No better end12
These describe the shape of a country — more is not better or worse, only different — so they are never ahead or behind.
Net Electricity Imports (share of generation)Ember · 2024 · world median 046.740Moved since 2014
Estonia: 46.74 · world median 0 · Net electricity imports (% of domestic generation). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from -70.16 to 707.07.
Solar Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 3.04917.133.049Moved since 2014
Estonia: 17.13 · world median 3.049 · Solar (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 50.
Solar Electricity Installed CapacityEIA · 2024 · world median 0.1441.3260.144Moved since 2014
Estonia: 1.326 · world median 0.144 · Solar generating capacity installed (gigawatts). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 886.66.
Operating Wind Power CapacityGlobal Energy Monitor · 2026 · world median 100688100No earlier reading
Estonia: 688 · world median 100 · Wind farm capacity in operation (megawatts). Global Energy Monitor, 2026 edition, data for 2026.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 542,758.
Primary Energy Consumption per CapitaEIA · 2024 · world median 49.571.9849.5Moved since 2014
Estonia: 71.98 · world median 49.5 · Energy use per person (million Btu). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.95 to 766.07.
Gas Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 2.5851.2812.585Moved since 2014
Estonia: 1.281 · world median 2.585 · Natural gas (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 99.97.
Nuclear Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 000No real change since 2014
Estonia: 0 · world median 0 · Nuclear (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 67.4.
Primary Energy ProductionEIA · 2024 · world median 0.0770.020.077No real change since 2014
Estonia: 0.02 · world median 0.077 · Primary energy produced (quadrillion Btu). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 130.76.
Hydro Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 12.850.4812.85No real change since 2014
Estonia: 0.48 · world median 12.85 · Hydropower (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 100.
Natural Gas ProductionEIA · 2024 · world median 000No real change since 2014
Estonia: 0 · world median 0 · Dry natural gas produced (billion cubic metres). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 1,069.
Crude Oil ProductionEIA · 2025 · world median 000No real change since 2015
Estonia: 0 · world median 0 · Crude oil produced (thousand barrels per day). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 13,586.
Photovoltaic Power Potential (PVOUT)World Bank Group (ESMAP), data by Solargis · 2020 · world median 4.2732.8374.273No earlier reading
Estonia: 2.837 · world median 4.273 · Practical solar power potential (kWh per kWp per day, long-term average). World Bank Group (ESMAP), data by Solargis, 2020 edition, data for 2020.
Published values in that edition run from 2.513 to 5.379.
No current reading for Estonia
Operating Coal Power Capacity, RISE Clean Cooking Policy Score, RISE Electricity Access Policy Score, RISE Energy Efficiency Policy Score and RISE Renewable Energy Policy Score. Listed rather than hidden, so the page can be checked against it.
“Position · derived” is this site’s ordering of the published values, 1st = best unless the row says otherwise; the publisher ranks no country on it. Rank, position and standing
05Country Index 2026
Energy among Estonia’s 16 topics
Energy is Estonia’s 11th best-placed topic of 16. Strongest first, each marker at its share of that topic’s field.
- Digital & Technologyjoint 1st of 1984/4 keys
- Democracy & Civil Libertiesjoint 8th of 1984/4 keys
- Governance & Institutions9th of 1944/4 keys
- Risk & Resilience11th of 1934/4 keys
- Health & Wellbeing16th of 2004/4 keys
- Gender & Equality20th of 1834/4 keys
- Development & Human Capital22nd of 1963/3 keys
- Peace & Security32nd of 1774/4 keys
- Economy & Innovation33rd of 1764/4 keys
- Work & Labourjoint 37th of 1824/4 keys
- Energy34th of 1653/3 keys
- Poverty & Inequalityjoint 35th of 1593/3 keys
- Food & Agriculture45th of 1844/4 keys
- Mobility & Trade45th of 1774/4 keys
- Education & Knowledge65th of 1983/4 keys
- Environment & Sustainabilityjoint 123rd of 1864/4 keys
06The top of the list
Who leads on energy
The three countries placed highest of 165, and the leaders Estonia can most readily be measured against.
1
BhutanSouthern Asia
1st of 165 · 2 of 3 keys
Photo: VIkramjit Kakati derivative work: ויקיג'אנקי · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
2
NorwayNorthern Europe
2nd of 165 · 3 of 3 keys
Photo: Ximonic , Simo Räsänen · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
3
UgandaEastern Africa
3rd of 165 · 2 of 3 keys
Photo: Rod Waddington from Kergunyah, Australia · CC BY-SA 2.0, greyscale
Placed highest nearby
Highest in Europe
Norway2nd3/3 keysThis page
Estonia34th3/3 keys
Positions out of 165 placed on the topic. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed, and the top of the list is often held on fewer of them.
07Questions
Estonia on energy: questions answered
Every answer is built from the numbers on this page, so none can say something the page does not.
How does Estonia rank on energy?
Estonia is placed 34th of 165 countries on Energy in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 3 key statistics (Carbon Intensity of Electricity, Renewable Share of Electricity Generation and World Energy Trilemma Index). The position is this site’s ordering of published statistics, not a rank any publisher printed.
What is the latest Carbon Intensity of Electricity figure for Estonia?
344.17 in 2024 (carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated)), according to Ember. The world median in the same edition was 433.75.
What is the latest Renewable Share of Electricity Generation figure for Estonia?
55.66 in 2024 (renewables (% of electricity generated)), according to Ember. The world median in the same edition was 32.06.
How does Estonia compare with Russia on energy?
Russia is not placed on Energy, holding too few of its key statistics, and Estonia 34th. World Energy Trilemma Index: Russia 66.1, Estonia 80.2.
How have Estonia’s energy figures changed?
Carbon Intensity of Electricity fell from 634.31 in 2000 to 344.17 in 2024; Renewable Share of Electricity Generation rose from 0.118 in 2000 to 55.66 in 2024.
Which energy statistics are missing for Estonia?
No current reading is published for Estonia on Operating Coal Power Capacity, RISE Clean Cooking Policy Score, RISE Electricity Access Policy Score, RISE Energy Efficiency Policy Score and RISE Renewable Energy Policy Score. They are listed rather than hidden, so the evidence on the page can be checked against it.
08Method
Method, sources and how to cite
What this topic does not measure
This is deliberately the electricity and energy-system subject, not an infrastructure one: roads, railways, ports, water and telecommunications would each need a global series this site does not hold. Emissions are under Environment & Sustainability. Access to electricity is published here in full but takes no part in any ranking — more than half the world’s countries now report 100%, and a position derived from that would read “1, 1, 1 … 123”, which is noise rather than information.
How the Energy standing is decided
A standing is this site’s ordering, named with its edition — never a publisher’s rank. 3 key statistics vote, one vote each; every country’s published value becomes a place within that key’s own field, the places are averaged, and the average is never published. A country needs 2 of the 3 keys to be placed.
The energy method, step by stepHow every standing on this site is built
The key statistics and their licences
- Carbon Intensity of Electricity — Ember, CC BY 4.0
- Renewable Share of Electricity Generation — Ember, CC BY 4.0
- World Energy Trilemma Index — World Energy Council, Express reuse grant (no Creative Commons licence named)
The other 22 statistics on this page come from 7 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Photographs
Estonia’s banner and the countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.
- Estonia (banner) — Andrus Uuetalu derivative work: Jjtkk, CC BY-SA 3.0 ee
- Bhutan — VIkramjit Kakati derivative work: ויקיג'אנקי, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Norway — Ximonic , Simo Räsänen, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Uganda — Rod Waddington from Kergunyah, Australia, CC BY-SA 2.0
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Estonia: Energy — standing and statistics, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/estonia/energy