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Topic 10 of 18 · Country Index 2026

Peace & Security

Is a country at peace, and how heavily armed is it?

Iceland is placed first of 177 countries on peace & security in the Country Index 2026, and Yemen 177th. The standing rests on 4 key statistics; the other 12 on this page are published as context, with no vote.

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4 key statistics

Placed first · Country Index 2026Iceland

1st of 177

01Country Index 2026

Who leads on peace & security

The three countries placed highest of 177, the three placed lowest, and the country placed highest on each continent. Each position is a place in this topic’s own list, built from its key statistics.

  1. 1

    Iceland

    Northern Europe

    1st of 177 · 3 of 4 keys

    Photo: Hansueli Krapf · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale

  2. 2

    Costa Rica

    Central America

    2nd of 177 · 3 of 4 keys

    Photo: Henry Zbyszynski from Capitola California, USA · CC BY 2.0, greyscale

  3. 3

    Malta

    Southern Europe

    3rd of 177 · 4 of 4 keys

    Photo: Dirk Heldmaier derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale

Placed lowest on Peace & Security

  1. 177Yemen3/4 keys
  2. 176Libya3/4 keys
  3. 175Myanmar4/4 keys

Positions out of 177. A standing is relative: it says where a country places against the others measured, not that it scored zero.

Placed first on each continent · position among all 177

02The subject

About peace & security

Violence and the capacity for it: terrorism, armed conflict, societal safety, and the share of a country's resources held by its military rather than its hospitals and schools. A peaceful country and a lightly armed one are not the same thing, which is why both are measured here.

Peace and security are measured here from four directions. The first is stability: the risk of violent upheaval and terrorism. The second is how a state treats the people it governs, whether it kills or tortures its own citizens. The third is violence from outside the state: militias, armed party wings and insurgents using force for political ends.

The fourth is militarisation: how much of a country's resources sit with its armed forces rather than its hospitals and schools. A peaceful country and a lightly armed one are not the same thing, which is why both are measured.

What this topic does not measure

Deaths in armed conflict and violent deaths per person are published here as context, because the counts are uneven between years and between sources. Crime in daily life and personal safety are not covered. Humanitarian crises driven by conflict appear in Risk & Resilience.

03The evidence

The 4 statistics that decide it

These are the only statistics that place countries on peace & security — one vote each. Every number is somebody else’s research, reproduced without adjustment; the ordering on top is this site’s.

  1. Key 1 of 4

    Political Stability and Absence of Violence

    World Bank Group

    Why it is a key: Whether a country is at risk of violent upheaval — politically motivated violence, terrorism and the threat of destabilisation. It is the closest measure this site has to whether a state is at peace with itself.

    Edition used
    2025data for 2025
    Countries
    211
    Publisher’s rank
    None — values only
    Licence
    CC BY 4.0

    Current leader, 2025 editionAndorra

    Every country, every edition
  2. Key 2 of 4

    Physical Violence Index

    V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg

    Why it is a key: Whether the state kills or tortures the people it governs.

    Edition used
    2025data for 2025
    Countries
    176
    Publisher’s rank
    None — values only
    Licence
    CC BY-SA 4.0
    Every country, every edition
  3. Key 3 of 4

    Political Violence by Non-State Actors

    V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg

    Why it is a key: Violence used for political ends by groups outside the state — militias, armed party wings and insurgents — the other side of the state violence that Physical Violence measures.

    Edition used
    2025data for 2025
    Countries
    171
    Publisher’s rank
    None — values only
    Licence
    CC BY-SA 4.0

    Most affected, 2025 editionMyanmar

    Every country, every edition
  4. Key 4 of 4

    Global Militarisation Index

    Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies (BICC)

    Why it is a key: How much of a country's resources sit with its military rather than its hospitals and schools, comparing spending, personnel and heavy weapons against health provision. Correlates 0.02 with political stability: a heavily armed country and an unstable one are genuinely different things, which is why the topic needs both.

    Edition used
    2023data for 2023
    Countries
    149
    Publisher’s rank
    Published
    Licence
    CC BY

    Most affected, 2023 editionUkraine

    Every country, every edition
  5. How the keys combine

    Each country’s value on each key becomes its place in that key’s own field, as a share of the field. The shares are averaged, one vote per key, and only the order that produces is published.

    The method in full

04Every placed country

Peace & Security on a map

Darker is placed higher. Hover a country for its position, or select it to open its page. Below the map, each continent’s median position — half its placed countries sit at or above it, so lower is better.

All regions
1st177thNot placed · 47 countries with too few key statisticsNo data
  • 1st of 5 continents

    Oceania

    19th

    median position, of 177 · 6 of its 21 countries placed

    HighestNew Zealand

  • 2nd of 5 continents

    Europe

    46th

    median position, of 177 · 40 of its 49 countries placed

    HighestIceland

  • 3rd of 5 continents

    Americas

    79th

    median position, of 177 · 28 of its 48 countries placed

    HighestCosta Rica

  • 4th of 5 continents

    Asia

    102nd

    median position, of 177 · 49 of its 52 countries placed

    HighestTaiwan

  • 5th of 5 continents

    Africa

    121st

    median position, of 177 · 54 of its 55 countries placed

    HighestSeychelles

All 20 sub-regions on Peace & Security, best median first
  1. 1Australia and New Zealandmedian 5thfrom 2 of 2
  2. 2Melanesiamedian 19thfrom 4 of 5
  3. 3Northern Europemedian 23rdfrom 10 of 13
  4. 4Caribbeanmedian 24thfrom 6 of 24
  5. 5Northern Americamedian 34thfrom 2 of 4
  6. 6Western Europemedian 46thfrom 7 of 9
  7. 7Southern Europemedian 56thfrom 13 of 17
  8. 8Southern Africamedian 57thfrom 5 of 5
  9. 9Eastern Asiamedian 63rdfrom 7 of 8
  10. 10Eastern Europemedian 66thfrom 10 of 10
  11. 11South Americamedian 79thfrom 12 of 12
  12. 12South-eastern Asiamedian 82ndfrom 11 of 11
  13. 13Central Americamedian 85thfrom 8 of 8
  14. 14Central Asiamedian 97thfrom 5 of 5
  15. 15Western Africamedian 104thfrom 16 of 16
  16. 16Eastern Africamedian 126thfrom 18 of 19
  17. 17Southern Asiamedian 130thfrom 9 of 9
  18. 18Western Asiamedian 131stfrom 17 of 19
  19. 19Middle Africamedian 137thfrom 9 of 9
  20. 20Northern Africamedian 139thfrom 6 of 6

05The whole field

Where all 177 countries stand

In order, best first. A row resting on fewer keys rests on less evidence: a country needs 2 of the 4 to be placed at all. “=” marks a position shared with another country. Select a country to see the working behind its standing.

The full Country Index 2026

Showing 25 of 177 countries placed on Peace & Security

  1. 1 of 177IcelandNorthern Europe3/4
  2. 2 of 177Costa RicaCentral America3/4
  3. 3 of 177MaltaSouthern Europe4/4
  4. 4 of 177SeychellesEastern Africa4/4
  5. 5 of 177New ZealandAustralia and New Zealand4/4
  6. 6 of 177Cabo VerdeWestern Africa4/4
  7. =7 of 177BarbadosCaribbean2/4
  8. =7 of 177TaiwanEastern Asia3/4
  9. 9 of 177LuxembourgWestern Europe4/4
  10. 10 of 177CzechiaEastern Europe4/4
  11. 11 of 177BelizeCentral America2/4
  12. 12 of 177JapanEastern Asia4/4
  13. 13 of 177IrelandNorthern Europe4/4
  14. 14 of 177UruguaySouth America4/4
  15. 15 of 177Hong KongEastern Asia3/4
  16. 16 of 177Trinidad and TobagoCaribbean4/4
  17. 17 of 177VanuatuMelanesia2/4
  18. 18 of 177SwitzerlandWestern Europe4/4
  19. 19 of 177FijiMelanesia4/4
  20. 20 of 177DenmarkNorthern Europe4/4
  21. =21 of 177PortugalSouthern Europe4/4
  22. =21 of 177SwedenNorthern Europe4/4
  23. 23 of 177LatviaNorthern Europe4/4
  24. 24 of 177Dominican RepublicCaribbean4/4
  25. 25 of 177MauritiusEastern Africa4/4
47 countries measured in the index but not placed on peace & security

Each holds readings on too few of this topic’s key statistics to be placed. Their profiles still show every reading the publishers give.

06Beyond the headline

A different story

The countries placed furthest above and below their overall position in the Country Index 2026. Both positions are compared as a share of their own field, because 50th of 193 and 50th of 174 are not the same showing.

07In records

Peace in records

One country at the extreme of a statistic under this topic, read from its newest edition. Where countries tie at the top, no record is named.

All statistics

08Latest editions

Who rose and fell in the published ranks

The biggest moves between each report’s two newest editions, in the publisher’s own ranks — reports under this topic that print a rank. A report whose field changed by more than 5% is left out.

Ranks as published by Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies (BICC) in the Global Militarisation Index: the 2022 edition (149 countries ranked) → the 2023 edition (149 ranked).

Improved most

rank before → after
  1. Zimbabwe98 → 122+24
  2. Venezuela70 → 92+22
  3. Sudan69 → 90+21

Declined most

rank before → after
  1. DR Congo138 → 120−18
  2. Poland48 → 32−16
  3. Luxembourg102 → 88−14
Every country in the Global Militarisation Index

09Context, no vote

Also measured under peace & security

12 more statistics on the same subject, published in full and deliberately given no vote — keeping them out is what stops the standing drifting toward whichever kind of statistic was imported most. Select a row for its leader and trend.

All statistics
  • Civilian Deaths in Organized ViolenceUCDP · 196 countries · 2025

    Most affected:Sudan

    Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) · 37 editions, data 1989–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Deaths in Non-State ConflictUCDP · 196 countries · 2025

    Most affected:Mexico

    Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) · 37 editions, data 1989–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Deaths in Organized ViolenceUCDP · 196 countries · 2025

    Most affected:Ukraine

    Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) · 37 editions, data 1989–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Deaths in State-Based Armed ConflictUCDP · 196 countries · 2025

    Most affected:Ukraine

    Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) · 37 editions, data 1989–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • INFORM Risk IndexEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre, with the Inter-Agency Standing Committee · 191 countries · 2025

    Most affected:South Sudan

    European Commission Joint Research Centre, with the Inter-Agency Standing Committee · 10 editions, data 2016–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2026 dataset

  • Government Cyber Security CapacityV-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · 176 countries · 2025

    Current leader:Estonia

    V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · 26 editions, data 2000–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Military Dimension IndexV-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · 176 countries · 2025

    V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · 36 editions, data 1990–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • State Authority over TerritoryV-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · 174 countries · 2025

    V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · 36 editions, data 1990–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Armed Forces Personnel (% of population)U.S. Department of State · 140 countries · 2019

    U.S. Department of State · 11 editions, data 2009–2019

    Chart and every countryThe 2019 dataset

Describing the shape of a country (3)

These have no better end — more is not better or worse, only different — so they could not place countries even as keys.

  • Refugees by Country of OriginUNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · 202 countries · 2025

    Highest:Ukraine

    UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · 34 editions, data 1992–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Arms Imports (% of total imports)U.S. Department of State · 170 countries · 2019

    Highest:Somalia

    U.S. Department of State · 11 editions, data 2009–2019

    Chart and every countryThe 2019 dataset

  • Internally Displaced People of Concern to UNHCRUNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · 38 countries · 2025

    Highest:Sudan

    UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency · 33 editions, data 1993–2025

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

12Method

Questions, method and sources

Which country is placed first on peace & security in the Country Index 2026?

Iceland, of the 177 countries given a standing on Peace & Security. The standing is this site’s own, built from 4 key statistics by 7 publishers; it is not a rank any of those publishers printed.

Which country is placed last on peace & security?

Yemen, 177th of 177. A standing says how a country places against the others measured alongside it, so it moves when they move.

Which statistics decide the Peace & Security standing?

Political Stability and Absence of Violence, Physical Violence Index, Political Violence by Non-State Actors, Global Militarisation Index. Each is read at one edition and turned into a place within its own field; the places are averaged with one vote each. The other 12 statistics on this topic are published as context and have no vote.

Why is a country not placed on peace & security?

A country needs readings on at least 2 of the 4 key statistics before it is placed. 47 countries in the Country Index fall short on this topic; every reading the publishers do give for them is still on their profiles.

Are these the publishers’ own rankings?

The underlying numbers and any printed ranks are the publishers’, reproduced without adjustment on each statistic’s page. The standing that combines them is this site’s, and the average it is ordered by is never published — only the position it produces.

How the Peace & Security standing is decided, step by step

A standing is a place in a list, not a mark out of anything. This one is part of the Country Index 2026, and it is worked out like this.

  1. A few key indicators decide it; the rest are context. 4 indicators on this topic are keys and 12 are charted alongside them without a vote. That split is the point: if every statistic voted, importing five more of one kind would quietly change what the topic is about.
  2. Each key is read at one edition. ⚠ The keys behind this standing do not all describe the same year — they run from 2023 to 2025, because publishers release on their own schedules. Read the standing as “how this country places now”, not as a snapshot of one year.
  3. Every country’s published value is turned into a place within that one key’s own field, and then expressed as a share of that field — how far down this key’s list the country sits, rather than how many countries are above it. Keys where a higher published number is worse (terrorism, hunger, disaster risk) are turned round first, so the good end is always the same end.
  4. Dividing by the field first is the whole reason this works. A place carries the size of its list inside it: 22nd of 44 and 108th of 215 are the same showing, and averaging the numbers 22 and 108 says loudly that they are not. Fields on this site run from about 44 countries to about 215, so averaging raw places would reward a country for happening to be measured in small ones. Dividing each place by its own field removes the size and leaves only the showing.
  5. The shares are averaged, plainly. One key, one vote — no key is weighted above another, because any weighting would be this site’s opinion presented as a measurement. Countries are then put in order by that average, and the average itself is never published. It is our arithmetic with nothing anchoring it, so printing it would invite it to be read as a measurement somebody made. The position it produces, the band, and the keys it was built from are all published instead — every one of them checkable against the tables on this page.
  6. A country needs 2 of this topic’s 4 keys — half, rounded up, and never fewer than 2. A standing built from one reading, printed beside one built from four, is two different things sharing a column heading. 177 countries clear the bar here.
  7. A key has to earn its vote every edition. It must measure at least 120 countries (below that it starts measuring who was surveyed rather than the world), it must not have more than 10% of its field tied at either end, and it must not repeat another key in the same topic — Spearman correlation above 0.92 counts as repeating. A topic needs at least 2 surviving keys to place anyone at all; this one has 4.
  8. A standing is relative, and the grouping is ours. It says where a country places against the others measured alongside it, so it moves when they move. The publishers listed on this page did not agree to be read together, and each measures its subject its own way: the underlying numbers are theirs, the ordering on top is this site’s — the same method as the rest of the Country Index, applied to one subject instead of all of them.

The key statistics and their licences

The other 12 statistics on this page come from 5 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.

The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Photographs

The countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.

Cite this page

Nations Inquiry (2026). Peace & Security: country standings, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/topics/security

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