Independent rankings built from public data — every figure traceable to the body that published it.
Topic 03 of 12 · Country Index 2026
Can people find work, and on what terms?
Iceland is placed first of 182 countries on work & labour in the Country Index 2026, and Afghanistan 182nd. The standing rests on 4 key statistics; the other 18 on this page are published as context, with no vote.
03
4 key statistics
01Country Index 2026
The three countries placed highest of 182, the three placed lowest, and the country placed highest on each continent. Each position is a place in this topic’s own list, built from its key statistics.
1Iceland
Northern Europe
1st of 182 · 4 of 4 keys
Photo: Hansueli Krapf · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
2Japan
Eastern Asia
2nd of 182 · 4 of 4 keys
Photo: JurriaanH · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
3South Korea
Eastern Asia
3rd of 182 · 4 of 4 keys
Photo: Unknown author · CC BY-SA 2.0, greyscale
Positions out of 182. A standing is relative: it says where a country places against the others measured, not that it scored zero.
02The subject
Who works, on what terms, and for what share of what the economy produces. Whether people looking for a job can find one, how much of the working-age population is in work at all, how much of that work carries a contract and any protection, and how much of national income reaches workers rather than owners. Employment is kept apart from the wider economy here because a growing economy and a working population are not the same thing, and they often move in opposite directions.
This topic looks at work from the worker's side. Whether people who want a job can find one is only the start: some people stop looking and stop being counted, so how much of the working-age population is actually in work matters as much as the unemployment rate.
The terms of work matter too. Much of the world's work is own-account or unpaid family labour, with no contract and no protection when something goes wrong. And the share of a nation's income that reaches workers, rather than the owners of capital, says whether a growing economy is growing for the people doing the work.
What this topic does not measure
Wages in money terms are not a key here, because pay figures are hard to compare fairly across countries with very different prices. Labour productivity, working hours, youth unemployment and the balance between farming, industry and services are published on this page as context. The size and growth of the wider economy belong to Economy & Innovation.
03The evidence
These are the only statistics that place countries on work & labour — one vote each. Every number is somebody else’s research, reproduced without adjustment; the ordering on top is this site’s.
Key 1 of 4
International Labour Organization (ILO)
Why it is a key: How much of the working-age population is actually in work — the half of the picture unemployment hides, because people who stop looking stop being counted.
Current leader, 2025 editionQatar
Key 2 of 4
International Labour Organization (ILO)
Why it is a key: How much of national income reaches workers rather than owners of capital.
Current leader, 2025 editionNigeria
Key 3 of 4
International Labour Organization (ILO)
Why it is a key: The share of people looking for work who cannot find it.
Most affected, 2025 editionEswatini
Key 4 of 4
International Labour Organization (ILO)
Why it is a key: How much work is own-account or unpaid family labour, carrying no contract and no protection.
Most affected, 2025 editionChad
How the keys combine
Each country’s value on each key becomes its place in that key’s own field, as a share of the field. The shares are averaged, one vote per key, and only the order that produces is published.
The method in full04Every placed country
Darker is placed higher. Hover a country for its position, or select it to open its page. Below the map, each continent’s median position — half its placed countries sit at or above it, so lower is better.
1st of 5 continents
47th
median position, of 182 · 39 of its 49 countries placed
HighestIceland
2nd of 5 continents
72nd
median position, of 182 · 48 of its 52 countries placed
HighestJapan
3rd of 5 continents
78th
median position, of 182 · 33 of its 48 countries placed
HighestUnited States
4th of 5 continents
103rd
median position, of 182 · 11 of its 21 countries placed
HighestAustralia
5th of 5 continents
138th
median position, of 182 · 51 of its 55 countries placed
HighestNigeria
05The whole field
In order, best first. A row resting on fewer keys rests on less evidence: a country needs 2 of the 4 to be placed at all. “=” marks a position shared with another country. Select a country to see the working behind its standing.
Showing 25 of 182 countries placed on Work & Labour
Each holds readings on too few of this topic’s key statistics to be placed. Their profiles still show every reading the publishers give.
06Beyond the headline
The countries placed furthest above and below their overall position in the Country Index 2026. Both positions are compared as a share of their own field, because 50th of 193 and 50th of 174 are not the same showing.
07In records
One country at the extreme of a statistic under this topic, read from its newest edition. Where countries tie at the top, no record is named.
Highest output per hour worked
164.65
international $ per hour, 2021 prices
Highest share of adults in work
86.9
% of the population aged 15+
Highest trade union membership
91.42
% of employees
08Context, no vote
18 more statistics on the same subject, published in full and deliberately given no vote — keeping them out is what stops the standing drifting toward whichever kind of statistic was imported most. Select a row for its leader and trend.
Current leader:Madagascar
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 36 editions, data 1990–2025
Current leader:Qatar
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 36 editions, data 1990–2025
Current leader:Ireland
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 21 editions, data 2005–2025
Most affected:Djibouti
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 35 editions, data 1991–2025
Current leader:Luxembourg
World Bank Group · 35 editions, data 1991–2025
Current leader:Iceland
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 1 edition
Most affected:Madagascar
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 26 editions, data 2000–2025
Most affected:Madagascar
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 1 edition
Most affected:Belarus
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 23 editions, data 2002–2024
Current leader:Nauru
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 10 editions, data 2014–2024
Most affected:Türkiye
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 23 editions, data 2000–2023
These have no better end — more is not better or worse, only different — so they could not place countries even as keys.
Highest:Bhutan
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 21 editions, data 2005–2025
Highest:Burundi
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 35 editions, data 1991–2025
Highest:Oman
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 35 editions, data 1991–2025
Highest:Djibouti
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 35 editions, data 1991–2025
Highest:Chad
International Labour Organization (ILO) · 35 editions, data 1991–2025
09Analysis

Thirteen Asian countries by gross average monthly wage, each carrying its WORLD rank rather than an Asian one — so the numbers skip, from 11th place to 45th.

The ten highest-paying countries of 2024, their bars coloured by continent, and six more added for comparison — from Australia in 13th place to India in 85th.

The bottom ten of 196 countries, and six more added for comparison. Niger, Madagascar and Liberia are all published at US$47 a month and still carry three different ranks.
10Keep reading
Rank correlation of the two topics’ positions across the countries placed on both: 1 means the same order, 0 no link. Every pair of topics
11Method
Iceland, of the 182 countries given a standing on Work & Labour. The standing is this site’s own, built from 4 key statistics by 2 publishers; it is not a rank any of those publishers printed.
Afghanistan, 182nd of 182. A standing says how a country places against the others measured alongside it, so it moves when they move.
Employment-to-Population Ratio, Labour Income Share, Unemployment Rate, Vulnerable Employment. Each is read at one edition and turned into a place within its own field; the places are averaged with one vote each. The other 18 statistics on this topic are published as context and have no vote.
A country needs readings on at least 2 of the 4 key statistics before it is placed. 42 countries in the Country Index fall short on this topic; every reading the publishers do give for them is still on their profiles.
The underlying numbers and any printed ranks are the publishers’, reproduced without adjustment on each statistic’s page. The standing that combines them is this site’s, and the average it is ordered by is never published — only the position it produces.
A standing is a place in a list, not a mark out of anything. This one is part of the Country Index 2026, and it is worked out like this.
The other 18 statistics on this page come from 2 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.
The countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.
Nations Inquiry (2026). Work & Labour: country standings, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/topics/work