Skip to content
Nations Inquiry — home
Mongolian landscape

Photo: Ludovic Hirlimann [ dead link ] · CC BY-SA 2.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale

01The evidence

The 4 key statistics that decide it

Only these place Mongolia on work & labour — one vote each. Every value is the publisher’s own, read at the edition the Country Index 2026 used; the grey ticks are every other country it was compared with, lowest on the left.

Why these keys
  1. Key 1 of 4

    Employment-to-Population Ratio

    International Labour Organization (ILO)

    Why it is a key

    2025 edition · data for 2025 · CC BY 4.0

    56.56

    Employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)

    Higher is better

    Mongolia: 56.56. Across the 182 countries in this edition, values run from 21.21 (São Tomé and Príncipe) to 86.9 (Qatar); the world median is 57.72.

    World median
    57.72
    Best in Eastern Asia
    79.24 North Korea
    Land neighbours
    China 61.57 · Russia 59.81
  2. Key 2 of 4

    Labour Income Share

    International Labour Organization (ILO)

    Why it is a key

    2025 edition · data for 2025 · CC BY 4.0

    32.88

    Labour income share of GDP (%)

    Higher is better

    Mongolia: 32.88. Across the 182 countries in this edition, values run from 9.691 (Venezuela) to 75.13 (Nigeria); the world median is 46.23.

    World median
    46.23
    Best in Eastern Asia
    58.68 South Korea
    Land neighbours
    China 51.23 · Russia 48.31
  3. Key 3 of 4

    Unemployment Rate

    International Labour Organization (ILO)

    Why it is a key

    2025 edition · data for 2025 · CC BY 4.0

    5.233

    Unemployment (% of labour force)

    Lower is better

    Mongolia: 5.233. Across the 182 countries in this edition, values run from 0.13 (Qatar) to 34.2 (Eswatini); the world median is 5.084.

    World median
    5.084
    Best in Eastern Asia
    2.347 Macau
    Land neighbours
    China 4.615 · Russia 2.133
  4. Key 4 of 4

    Vulnerable Employment

    International Labour Organization (ILO)

    Why it is a key

    2025 edition · data for 2025 · CC BY 4.0

    38.37

    Vulnerable employment (% of total employment)

    Lower is better

    Mongolia: 38.37. Across the 182 countries in this edition, values run from 0.456 (Qatar) to 90.22 (Chad); the world median is 28.67.

    World median
    28.67
    Best in Eastern Asia
    3.326 Macau
    Land neighbours
    China 33.4 · Russia 4.931

03In context

Mongolia beside its neighbours

A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place among all 182 countries on work & labour, never a place within the region.

Eastern Asia
1st182ndNot placed · 42 countries with too few key statisticsNo data

The whole world on work & labour

Mongolia and the countries it borders

Standing among all 182; the key columns are the publishers’ own values.

CountryStandingEmployment-to-Population RatioEmployed share of the population aged 15+ (%)Labour Income ShareLabour income share of GDP (%)Unemployment RateUnemployment (% of labour force)Vulnerable EmploymentVulnerable employment (% of total employment)
Russia13th59.8148.312.1334.931
China60th61.5751.234.61533.4
Mongolia148th56.5632.885.23338.37

“—”: no published reading in that edition. What a standing is

Across Eastern Asia

Every country in the sub-region, by its place among all 182.

Placed either side on work & labour

The countries immediately above and below Mongolia in the topic’s list.

04Context, no vote

Where Mongolia is ahead of the world, and behind

34 more statistics filed under work & labour, published in full and deliberately given no vote in the standing. Select a row for the publisher, the rank and the links.

Every country

Ahead of the world median16

Statistics on which Mongolia does better than the middle country measured.

  • Firms Offering Formal TrainingWorld Bank Group · 2026 · world median 32.0767.01No earlier reading

    Mongolia: 67.01 · world median 32.07 · Firms offering formal training to permanent full-time workers (%). World Bank Group, 2026 edition, data for 2026.

    Published values in that edition run from 1.42 to 79.12; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2026 dataset

  • Compliance with Labour RightsILO · 2024 · world median 1.610.15▼ Worsened since 2015

    Mongolia: 0.15 · world median 1.61 · Compliance with freedom of association and collective bargaining rights (0 = best, 10 = worst). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 10; lower is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Trade Union DensityILO · 2020 · world median 16.6830.79No earlier reading

    Mongolia: 30.79 · world median 16.68 · Employees who are trade union members (%). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2020 edition, data for 2020.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.2 to 91.42; higher is better.

    Position 20th of 139 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2020 dataset

  • Working Poverty RateILO · 2025 · world median 4.8850.1▲ Improved since 2015

    Mongolia: 0.1 · world median 4.885 · Employed people living in extreme poverty (%). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.007 to 86.02; lower is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Gini Index of Monthly EarningsILO · 2024 · world median 0.3370.259▲ Improved since 2014

    Mongolia: 0.259 · world median 0.337 · Gini index of employees’ monthly earnings (0 = all paid the same, 1 = maximum inequality). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.182 to 0.643; lower is better.

    Position 63rd of 75 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Composite Rate of Labour Underutilisation (LU4)ILO · 2024 · world median 12.567.572▲ Improved since 2019

    Mongolia: 7.572 · world median 12.56 · Composite rate of labour underutilisation, LU4 (% of the extended labour force). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 1.495 to 49.82; lower is better.

    Position 62nd of 76 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Firms with a Female Top ManagerWorld Bank Group · 2025 · world median 19.1626.96No earlier reading

    Mongolia: 26.96 · world median 19.16 · Firms with a female top manager (%). World Bank Group, 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 1.429 to 62.9; higher is better.

    Position 36th of 179 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Length of Paid Paternity LeaveWorld Bank Group · 2025 · world median 314▲ Improved since 2015

    Mongolia: 14 · world median 3 · Paid paternity leave set in law (calendar days). World Bank Group, 2026 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 196; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2026 dataset

  • Unemployment Benefit CoverageILO · 2024 · world median 026.7No earlier reading

    Mongolia: 26.7 · world median 0 · Unemployed people receiving unemployment benefits (%). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 100; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Length of Paid Maternity LeaveWorld Bank Group · 2025 · world median 98120▼ Worsened since 2015

    Mongolia: 120 · world median 98 · Paid maternity leave set in law (calendar days). World Bank Group, 2026 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 410; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2026 dataset

  • Youth Not in Education, Employment or TrainingILO · 2024 · world median 14.319.903▲ Improved since 2014

    Mongolia: 9.903 · world median 14.31 · Youth not in education, employment or training (%). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 3.975 to 65.73; lower is better.

    Position 74th of 97 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Employment Injury Protection CoverageILO · 2024 · world median 45.980.7No earlier reading

    Mongolia: 80.7 · world median 45.9 · Labour force covered in the event of a work injury (%). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 100; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Female Share of Senior and Middle ManagementILO · 2024 · world median 35.8640.5▲ Improved since 2014

    Mongolia: 40.5 · world median 35.86 · Women in senior and middle management (% of managers). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 7.226 to 56.69; higher is better.

    Position 23rd of 86 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Labour Inspectors per 10,000 Employed PersonsILO · 2024 · world median 0.5750.85No earlier reading

    Mongolia: 0.85 · world median 0.575 · Labour inspectors per 10,000 employed persons. International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.07 to 3.89; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Low Pay RateILO · 2024 · world median 17.8917.34▲ Improved since 2014

    Mongolia: 17.34 · world median 17.89 · Employees paid less than two-thirds of the median hourly earnings (%). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 3.395 to 41.69; lower is better.

    Position 39th of 71 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Youth Unemployment RateILO · 2025 · world median 12.8311.71▼ Worsened since 2015

    Mongolia: 11.71 · world median 12.83 · Unemployment, ages 15-24 (% of youth labour force). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.457 to 76.77; lower is better.

    Position 96th of 182 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

Behind the world median10

Statistics on which Mongolia does worse than the middle country measured.

  • Informal Employment RateILO · 2025 · world median 36.7636.83No earlier reading

    Mongolia: 36.83 · world median 36.76 · Informal employment (% of total employment). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.857 to 94.44; lower is better.

    Position 48th of 97 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • GDP per Person EmployedWorld Bank Group · 2025 · world median 47,38445,908▲ Improved since 2015

    Mongolia: 45,908 · world median 47,384 · GDP per person employed (constant 2021 international $). World Bank Group, 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 2,456 to 262,554; higher is better.

    Position 87th of 168 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Labour Productivity per Hour WorkedILO · 2025 · world median 22.1619.01▲ Improved since 2015

    Mongolia: 19.01 · world median 22.16 · Output per hour worked (constant 2021 international $ at PPP). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.92 to 164.65; higher is better.

    Position 98th of 182 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Average Monthly Earnings of EmployeesILO · 2024 · world median 1,6361,478▲ Improved since 2014

    Mongolia: 1,478 · world median 1,636 · Average monthly earnings of employees (2021 PPP $). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 193.28 to 9,307; higher is better.

    Position 42nd of 75 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Labour Force Participation RateILO · 2025 · world median 61.6659.69No real change since 2015

    Mongolia: 59.69 · world median 61.66 · Population aged 15+ in the labour force (%). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 23.34 to 87.01; higher is better.

    Position 104th of 182 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added per WorkerWorld Bank Group · 2025 · world median 6,7425,004▲ Improved since 2015

    Mongolia: 5,004 · world median 6,742 · Agricultural value added per worker (constant 2015 US$). World Bank Group, 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 210.77 to 150,632; higher is better.

    Position 87th of 151 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Female Labour Force Participation RateILO · 2025 · world median 53.3651.46▼ Worsened since 2015

    Mongolia: 51.46 · world median 53.36 · Women aged 15+ in the labour force (%). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 4.663 to 82.91; higher is better.

    Position 109th of 182 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Firms Competing Against Informal FirmsWorld Bank Group · 2026 · world median 41.8150.38No earlier reading

    Mongolia: 50.38 · world median 41.81 · Firms competing against unregistered or informal firms (%). World Bank Group, 2026 edition, data for 2026.

    Published values in that edition run from 1.926 to 90.5; lower is better.

    Position 65th of 181 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2026 dataset

  • Human Capital Wealth per CapitaWorld Bank Group · 2020 · world median 25,23012,679No real change since 2010

    Mongolia: 12,679 · world median 25,230 · Human capital per person — present value of future earnings (real chained 2019 US$). World Bank Group, 2020 edition, data for 2020.

    Published values in that edition run from 700.38 to 735,422; higher is better.

    Position 103rd of 151 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2020 dataset

  • Fatal Occupational InjuriesILO · 2023 · world median 2.0054.4▼ Worsened since 2016

    Mongolia: 4.4 · world median 2.005 · Fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers. International Labour Organization (ILO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.12 to 8.409; lower is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

No better end8

These describe the shape of a country — more is not better or worse, only different — so they are never ahead or behind.

  • Average Weekly Hours WorkedILO · 2025 · world median 38.8946.54Moved since 2015

    Mongolia: 46.54 · world median 38.89 · Average weekly hours actually worked per employed person. International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 23.64 to 54.7.

    Position 11th of 182 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Share of Temporary EmployeesILO · 2024 · world median 13.4529.98Moved since 2019

    Mongolia: 29.98 · world median 13.45 · Employees on temporary contracts (% of employees). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.337 to 72.78.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Public Sector EmploymentWorld Bank Group · 2022 · world median 15.0127.09No earlier reading

    Mongolia: 27.09 · world median 15.01 · Public sector employment (% of total employment). World Bank Group, 2022 edition, data for 2022.

    Published values in that edition run from 1.672 to 47.1.

    Position 27th of 135 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2022 dataset

  • Employment in IndustryILO · 2025 · world median 18.8823.09Moved since 2015

    Mongolia: 23.09 · world median 18.88 · Employment in industry (% of total employment). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 3.103 to 39.44.

    Position 54th of 182 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Employment in AgricultureILO · 2025 · world median 14.3827Moved since 2015

    Mongolia: 27 · world median 14.38 · Employment in agriculture (% of total employment). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.095 to 85.34.

    Position 66th of 182 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Self-Employment RateILO · 2025 · world median 31.8441.18Moved since 2015

    Mongolia: 41.18 · world median 31.84 · Self-employed (% of total employment). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.832 to 91.56.

    Position 74th of 182 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Statutory Minimum WageILO · 2024 · world median 657.95591.13Moved since 2014

    Mongolia: 591.13 · world median 657.95 · Statutory minimum wage per month (2021 PPP $). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 4.038 to 3,804.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Employment in ServicesILO · 2025 · world median 59.5149.91No real change since 2015

    Mongolia: 49.91 · world median 59.51 · Employment in services (% of total employment). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 11.56 to 92.17.

    Position 127th of 182 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

“Position · derived” is this site’s ordering of the published values, 1st = best unless the row says otherwise; the publisher ranks no country on it. Rank, position and standing

06The top of the list

Who leads on work & labour

The three countries placed highest of 182, and the leaders Mongolia can most readily be measured against.

All 182 countries
  1. 1

    Iceland

    Northern Europe

    1st of 182 · 4 of 4 keys

    Photo: Hansueli Krapf · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale

  2. 2

    Japan

    Eastern Asia

    2nd of 182 · 4 of 4 keys

    Photo: JurriaanH · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale

  3. 3

    South Korea

    Eastern Asia

    3rd of 182 · 4 of 4 keys

    Photo: Unknown author · CC BY-SA 2.0, greyscale

Placed highest nearby

  1. Highest in Asia

    Japan2nd4/4 keys
  2. This page

    Mongolia148th4/4 keys

Positions out of 182 placed on the topic. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed, and the top of the list is often held on fewer of them.

08Questions

Mongolia on work & labour: questions answered

Every answer is built from the numbers on this page, so none can say something the page does not.

How does Mongolia rank on work & labour?

Mongolia is placed 148th of 182 countries on Work & Labour in the Country Index 2026, from 4 of its 4 key statistics (Employment-to-Population Ratio, Labour Income Share, Unemployment Rate and Vulnerable Employment). The position is this site’s ordering of published statistics, not a rank any publisher printed.

What is the latest Employment-to-Population Ratio figure for Mongolia?

56.56 in 2025 (employed share of the population aged 15+ (%)), according to International Labour Organization (ILO). The world median in the same edition was 57.72.

What is the latest Labour Income Share figure for Mongolia?

32.88 in 2025 (labour income share of GDP (%)), according to International Labour Organization (ILO). The world median in the same edition was 46.23.

How does Mongolia compare with China on work & labour?

China is placed 60th of 182, and Mongolia 148th. Employment-to-Population Ratio: China 61.57, Mongolia 56.56; Labour Income Share: China 51.23, Mongolia 32.88; Unemployment Rate: China 4.615, Mongolia 5.233; Vulnerable Employment: China 33.4, Mongolia 38.37.

How have Mongolia’s work & labour figures changed?

Employment-to-Population Ratio rose from 55.94 in 2000 to 56.56 in 2025; Labour Income Share rose from 29.29 in 2004 to 32.88 in 2025; Unemployment Rate fell from 5.992 in 2000 to 5.233 in 2025; Vulnerable Employment fell from 54.31 in 2000 to 38.37 in 2025.

09Method

Method, sources and how to cite

What this topic does not measure

Wages in money terms are not a key here, because pay figures are hard to compare fairly across countries with very different prices. Labour productivity, working hours, youth unemployment and the balance between farming, industry and services are published on this page as context. The size and growth of the wider economy belong to Economy & Innovation.

About work & labour, in full

How the Work & Labour standing is decided

A standing is this site’s ordering, named with its edition — never a publisher’s rank. 4 key statistics vote, one vote each; every country’s published value becomes a place within that key’s own field, the places are averaged, and the average is never published. A country needs 2 of the 4 keys to be placed.

The work & labour method, step by stepHow every standing on this site is built

The key statistics and their licences

The other 34 statistics on this page come from 2 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.

The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Photographs

Mongolia’s banner and the countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.

Cite this page

Nations Inquiry (2026). Mongolia: Work & Labour — standing and statistics, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/mongolia/work

Feedback

Feedback

How are we doing?

Two answers are required — a rating and your email. The rest is up to you.