Photo: Rastapopulous · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Topic 07 of 18 · Country Index 2026
Cuba: Environment & Sustainability
How much pressure does a country put on the natural world?
Cuba is placed joint 123rd of 186 countries on environment & sustainability in the Country Index 2026, from 4 of its 4 key statistics. Readings behind it: CO₂ Emissions per Capita 2.226 (2024); Water Stress 22.17 (2023).
Share
Environment & Sustainability
joint123rd
of 186 countries placed
Placed from 4 of 4 key statistics
- 2.226CO₂ Emissions per Capita, 2024Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person)
- 22.17Water Stress, 2023Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)
- 0.08Organic Agricultural Area, 2024Organic share of agricultural land (%)
- 1.702Ecological Footprint, 2025Ecological Footprint (global hectares per person)
01The evidence
The 4 key statistics that decide it
Only these place Cuba on environment & sustainability — one vote each. Every value is the publisher’s own, read at the edition the Country Index 2026 used; the grey ticks are every other country it was compared with, lowest on the left.
2.226
Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person)
Lower is better
Cuba: 2.226. Across the 210 countries in this edition, values run from 0.054 (DR Congo) to 41.27 (Qatar); the world median is 3.21.
- World median
- 3.21
- Best in Caribbean
- 0.252 Haiti
Key 2 of 4
Water Stress
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2023 edition · data for 2023 · CC BY 4.0
22.17
Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)
Lower is better
Cuba: 22.17. Across the 177 countries in this edition, values run from 0.03 (Republic of the Congo) to 3,851 (Kuwait); the world median is 10.
- World median
- 10
- Best in Caribbean
- 3.15 Antigua and Barbuda
Key 3 of 4
Organic Agricultural Area
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2024 edition · data for 2024 · CC BY 4.0
0.08
Organic share of agricultural land (%)
Higher is better
Cuba: 0.08. Across the 156 countries in this edition, values run from 0 (Afghanistan) to 86.38 (Samoa); the world median is 0.725.
- World median
- 0.725
- Best in Caribbean
- 11.87 Dominica
1.702
Ecological Footprint (global hectares per person)
Lower is better
Cuba: 1.702. Across the 126 countries in this edition, values run from 0.514 (Yemen) to 11.73 (Qatar); the world median is 2.296.
- World median
- 2.296
- Best in Caribbean
- 0.624 Haiti
02Over time
Which way Cuba is moving
Each key’s published value, edition by edition, beside the world median. The Country Index 2026 is the first edition of the standing, so the standing itself has no history to chart yet.
CO₂ Emissions per Capita
Fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person) · lower is better
CubaWorld median
Cuba fell from 2.277 in 2000 to 2.226 in 2024; the world median went from 2.662 to 3.21.
Every year’s figures
Year Cuba World median 2024 2.22593 3.210 2023 2.12980 3.145 2022 2.10298 3.162 2021 2.02738 3.087 2020 1.90410 2.903 2019 2.00725 3.273 2018 2.05035 3.036 2017 2.18346 3.049 2016 2.46522 2.894 2015 2.58014 2.846 2014 2.42486 2.919 2013 2.46890 2.779 2012 2.60775 2.770 2011 2.57272 2.748 2010 2.92474 2.812 2009 2.50212 2.799 2008 2.45650 2.979 2007 2.27905 2.593 2006 2.37455 2.865 2005 2.28245 2.885 2004 2.18350 2.802 2003 2.27973 2.918 2002 2.25269 2.785 2001 2.21470 2.726 2000 2.27734 2.662 Water Stress
Freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%) · lower is better
CubaWorld median
Cuba rose from 18.02 in 2000 to 22.17 in 2023; the world median went from 10.07 to 10.
Every year’s figures
Year Cuba World median 2023 22.17 10.000 2022 22.17 10.190 2021 22.17 10.460 2020 22.94 10.460 2019 24.35 10.890 2018 25.41 10.460 2017 22.92 10.460 2016 20.61 10.460 2015 20.77 10.190 2014 27.61 10.460 2013 23.94 10.460 2012 26.06 10.460 2011 22.55 10.460 2010 23.05 10.710 2009 23.44 10.960 2008 22.30 10.815 2007 18.73 11.180 2006 18.58 10.430 2005 13.12 10.250 2004 18.37 10.715 2003 18.07 10.370 2002 18.05 10.180 2001 18.03 10.130 2000 18.02 10.070 Organic Agricultural Area
Organic share of agricultural land (%) · higher is better
CubaWorld median
Cuba fell from 0.23 in 2005 to 0.08 in 2024; the world median went from 0.345 to 0.725.
Every year’s figures
Year Cuba World median 2024 0.08 0.725 2023 0.08 0.780 2022 0.03 0.740 2021 0.03 0.710 2020 0.03 0.665 2019 0.04 0.550 2018 0.10 0.490 2017 0.10 0.630 2016 0.02 0.545 2015 0.07 0.540 2014 0.05 0.470 2013 0.12 0.440 2012 0.08 0.480 2011 0.03 0.460 2010 0.03 0.330 2009 0.22 0.335 2008 0.22 0.290 2007 0.22 0.370 2006 0.23 0.305 2005 0.23 0.345 Ecological Footprint
Ecological Footprint (global hectares per person) · lower is better
CubaWorld median
Cuba fell from 1.916 in 2000 to 1.702 in 2025; the world median went from 1.95 to 2.296.
Every year’s figures
Year Cuba World median 2025 1.702 2.2963 2024 1.696 2.3139 2023 1.765 2.3174 2022 1.745 2.2724 2021 1.727 2.3370 2020 1.762 2.3057 2019 2.178 2.2578 2018 2.187 2.2485 2017 2.172 2.2209 2016 2.208 2.2308 2015 2.226 2.3000 2014 2.095 2.3814 2013 2.150 2.3363 2012 2.175 2.4200 2011 2.102 2.4794 2010 2.024 2.3679 2009 1.807 2.2224 2008 2.000 2.1727 2007 2.106 2.2036 2006 2.120 2.1203 2005 2.100 2.1512 2004 2.039 2.1055 2003 1.984 2.0449 2002 1.850 2.1195 2001 1.997 2.2004 2000 1.916 1.9499
03In context
Cuba beside its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place among all 186 countries on environment & sustainability, never a place within the region.
Cuba and Caribbean
Cuba has no land border, so the table compares it with its sub-region. Standing among all 186; the key columns are the publishers’ own values.
| Country | Standing | CO₂ Emissions per CapitaFossil CO₂ (tonnes per person) | Water StressFreshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%) | Organic Agricultural AreaOrganic share of agricultural land (%) | Ecological FootprintEcological Footprint (global hectares per person) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Haiti | =44th | 0.252 | 13.38 | 0.23 | 0.624 |
 Dominica | =50th | 2.581 | 10 | 11.87 | — |
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | =78th | 2.541 | 7.9 | — | — |
 Dominican Republic | =89th | 2.899 | 39.55 | 7.5 | 2.302 |
 Grenada | =91st | 3.216 | 7.05 | 2.17 | 3.685 |
 Saint Lucia | =121st | 2.987 | 14.3 | 0.57 | 2.717 |
| Cuba | =123rd | 2.226 | 22.17 | 0.08 | 1.702 |
 Jamaica | =143rd | 2.959 | 12.38 | 0 | 1.948 |
 Antigua and Barbuda | 149th | 7.093 | 3.15 | — | 4.723 |
 Bahamas | 162nd | 7.65 | — | 0.37 | — |
 Saint Kitts and Nevis | 165th | 5.545 | 31.96 | — | — |
 Barbados | 174th | 4.833 | 87.5 | — | 4.487 |
 Trinidad and Tobago | 175th | 22.93 | 19.88 | — | — |
 Anguilla | not placed | 10.14 | — | — | — |
 Aruba | not placed | 8.519 | — | — | — |
 British Virgin Islands | not placed | 4.877 | — | — | — |
 Cayman Islands | not placed | — | — | — | — |
 Curaçao | not placed | 12.34 | — | — | — |
 Montserrat | not placed | 6.056 | — | — | — |
 Puerto Rico | not placed | — | — | — | — |
 Saint Martin | not placed | — | — | — | — |
 Sint Maarten | not placed | 16.55 | — | — | — |
 Turks and Caicos Islands | not placed | 8.141 | — | — | — |
 United States Virgin Islands | not placed | — | — | — | — |
“—”: no published reading in that edition. What a standing is
Across Caribbean
Every country in the sub-region, by its place among all 186.
- Haiti=44th
- Dominica=50th
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines=78th
- Dominican Republic=89th
- Grenada=91st
- Saint Lucia=121st
- Cuba=123rd
- Jamaica=143rd
- Antigua and Barbuda149th
- Bahamas162nd
- Saint Kitts and Nevis165th
- Barbados174th
- Trinidad and Tobago175th
- Anguillanot placed
- Arubanot placed
- British Virgin Islandsnot placed
- Cayman Islandsnot placed
- Curaçaonot placed
- Montserratnot placed
- Puerto Riconot placed
- Saint Martinnot placed
- Sint Maartennot placed
- Turks and Caicos Islandsnot placed
- United States Virgin Islandsnot placed
Placed either side on environment & sustainability
The countries immediately above and below Cuba in the topic’s list.
04Context, no vote
Where Cuba is ahead of the world, and behind
41 more statistics filed under environment & sustainability, published in full and deliberately given no vote in the standing. Select a row for the publisher, the rank and the links.
Ahead of the world median8
Statistics on which Cuba does better than the middle country measured.
Annual Forest Area Change RateFAO · 2025 · world median 00.290▼ Worsened since 2015
Cuba: 0.29 · world median 0 · Compound annual change in forest area over the interval ending that year (%). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from -3.29 to 12.3; higher is better.
Forest Area within Legally Established Protected AreasFAO · 2025 · world median 18.1835.5918.18▲ Improved since 2015
Cuba: 35.59 · world median 18.18 · Forest within legally established protected areas, as a share of the country's 2015 forest area (%). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 100; higher is better.
PM2.5 Air Pollution ExposureAtmospheric Composition Analysis Group, Washington University in St. Louis · 2023 · world median 14.4510.914.45▼ Worsened since 2013
Cuba: 10.9 · world median 14.45 · Population-weighted PM2.5 concentration (µg/m³). Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group, Washington University in St. Louis, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 2.5 to 68.2; lower is better.
Position 149th of 220 · derived, 1st = worst.
Planetary pressures-adjusted HDIUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 0.6780.7230.678▼ Worsened since 2013
Cuba: 0.723 · world median 0.678 · PHDI (0–1). UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.276 to 0.827; higher is better.
Position 51st of 156 · derived.
Energy Intensity of GDP (PPP)EIA · 2024 · world median 2.7382.1672.738▲ Improved since 2014
Cuba: 2.167 · world median 2.738 · Energy use per dollar of GDP (thousand Btu per US$ at PPP). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.666 to 17.45; lower is better.
Renewable Internal Freshwater Resources per CapitaFAO · 2022 · world median 2,5283,4472,528No real change since 2012
Cuba: 3,447 · world median 2,528 · Renewable internal freshwater (cubic metres per person). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 445,023; higher is better.
Position 76th of 181 · derived.
Children's Climate Risk IndexUNICEF · 2020 · world median 54.75No earlier reading
Cuba: 4.7 · world median 5 · Children's Climate Risk Index (0–10, higher is more risk). UNICEF, 2021 edition, data for 2020.
Published values in that edition run from 1 to 8.7; lower is better.
Ranked 88th of 163 by UNICEF (1st = worst).
Baseline Water Stress (Aqueduct)WRI · 2019 · world median 1.6631.6511.663No earlier reading
Cuba: 1.651 · world median 1.663 · Baseline water stress score (0–5). World Resources Institute (WRI), 2023 edition, data for 2019.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 5; lower is better.
Behind the world median11
Statistics on which Cuba does worse than the middle country measured.
Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN)Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · 2024 · world median 0.450.4570.45▼ Worsened since 2014
Cuba: 0.457 · world median 0.45 · ND-GAIN Vulnerability (0–1, where 1 is the most vulnerable). Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.263 to 0.655; lower is better.
Ranked 108th of 190 by Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame.
Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy)FAO · 2024 · world median 3.1433.14▼ Worsened since 2015
Cuba: 3 · world median 3.14 · Current status score, from 1 (worst) to 5 (best), averaged over up to seven sub-indicators. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 1.67 to 4.57; higher is better.
Position 101st of 186 · derived.
Water-Use EfficiencyFAO · 2023 · world median 16.111.9116.1▼ Worsened since 2013
Cuba: 11.91 · world median 16.1 · Value added per cubic metre of freshwater withdrawn (constant US$ per m³). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.38 to 1,378; higher is better.
Municipal Solid Waste GenerationWorld Bank Group · 2026 · world median 0.9661.1220.966No earlier reading
Cuba: 1.122 · world median 0.966 · Municipal solid waste generated (kg per person per day). World Bank Group, 2026 edition, data for 2026.
Published values in that edition run from 0.058 to 4.176; lower is better.
Position 83rd of 201 · derived, 1st = worst.
World Risk IndexInstitute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict (IFHV), Ruhr University Bochum · 2025 · world median 4.176.924.17No real change since 2015
Cuba: 6.92 · world median 4.17 · WorldRiskIndex score (0–100, where 100 is the most at risk). Institute for International Law of Peace and Armed Conflict (IFHV), Ruhr University Bochum, 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0.18 to 46.56; lower is better.
Position 70th of 193 · derived, 1st = worst.
ND-GAIN Country IndexNotre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame · 2024 · world median 47.4443.4547.44▼ Worsened since 2014
Cuba: 43.45 · world median 47.44 · ND-GAIN Index (0–100, where 100 is best placed to adapt). Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 26.42 to 71.85; higher is better.
Ranked 123rd of 190 by Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame.
Wind and Solar Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 5.2791.5955.279▼ Worsened since 2014
Cuba: 1.595 · world median 5.279 · Wind and solar (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 69.12; higher is better.
Agricultural Emissions IntensityFAO · 2023 · world median 1.5652.671.565▼ Worsened since 2013
Cuba: 2.67 · world median 1.565 · Greenhouse gases from farming per value of agricultural output (kg CO₂eq per international dollar). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 28.2; lower is better.
Position 48th of 190 · derived, 1st = worst.
Renewable Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 32.064.01432.06▼ Worsened since 2014
Cuba: 4.014 · world median 32.06 · Renewables (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 100; higher is better.
Position 141st of 162 · derived.
Carbon Intensity of ElectricityEmber · 2024 · world median 433.75642.92433.75▼ Worsened since 2014
Cuba: 642.92 · world median 433.75 · Carbon intensity (gCO₂e per kWh generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 23.73 to 1,306; lower is better.
Position 24th of 165 · derived, 1st = worst.
Low-Carbon Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 37.324.01437.32▼ Worsened since 2014
Cuba: 4.014 · world median 37.32 · Low-carbon sources (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 100; higher is better.
Position 142nd of 162 · derived.
Level with the median, or no median to compare1
Coal Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 000No real change since 2014
Cuba: 0 · world median 0 · Coal (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 98.25; lower is better.
No better end21
These describe the shape of a country — more is not better or worse, only different — so they are never ahead or behind.
Mangrove AreaGlobal Mangrove Watch (Aberystwyth University, JAXA, soloEO, Wetlands International, The Nature Conservancy) · 2025 · world median 8,927382,8668,927No real change since 2015
Cuba: 382,866 · world median 8,927 · Mangrove forest area (hectares). Global Mangrove Watch (Aberystwyth University, JAXA, soloEO, Wetlands International, The Nature Conservancy), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0.524 to 3,146,544.
Arable Land per PersonFAO · 2023 · world median 0.1090.2640.109No real change since 2013
Cuba: 0.264 · world median 0.109 · Arable land (hectares per person). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 1.459.
Position 35th of 206 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Agricultural LandFAO · 2023 · world median 37.9661.6737.96No real change since 2013
Cuba: 61.67 · world median 37.96 · Agricultural land (% of land area). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.445 to 86.48.
Position 36th of 209 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Burned AreaGWIS · 2025 · world median 13,824326,96813,824Moved since 2015
Cuba: 326,968 · world median 13,824 · Burned area (hectares). European Commission Joint Research Centre — Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 50,562,035.
Tree Cover LossWorld Resources Institute — Global Forest Watch (data: University of Maryland) · 2025 · world median 3,77527,9973,775Moved since 2015
Cuba: 27,997 · world median 3,775 · Tree cover loss (hectares, where canopy cover exceeded 30% in 2000). World Resources Institute — Global Forest Watch (data: University of Maryland), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 6,225,187.
Tropical Moist Forest DeforestationJRC · 2025 · world median 0.0010.0020.001No real change since 2015
Cuba: 0.002 · world median 0.001 · Tropical moist forest deforested in the year (million hectares). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 0.708.
Solar Electricity Installed CapacityEIA · 2024 · world median 0.1440.2920.144Moved since 2014
Cuba: 0.292 · world median 0.144 · Solar generating capacity installed (gigawatts). U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 886.66.
Methane EmissionsEDGAR · 2025 · world median 325.69391.36325.69Moved since 2015
Cuba: 391.36 · world median 325.69 · Methane emissions (gigagrams of CH₄). European Commission, Joint Research Centre (EDGAR), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0.048 to 51,093.
Agricultural EmissionsFAO · 2023 · world median 8,6359,5548,635Moved since 2013
Cuba: 9,554 · world median 8,635 · Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 1,044,508.
Position 94th of 193 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Water Withdrawal by SectorFAO · 2022 · world median 62.1464.9462.14No real change since 2012
Cuba: 64.94 · world median 62.14 · Freshwater withdrawn for agriculture (% of total). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 99.48.
Position 84th of 171 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Livestock DensityFAO · 2023 · world median 0.5350.550.535Moved since 2013
Cuba: 0.55 · world median 0.535 · Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.02 to 43.97.
Position 91st of 188 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Forest AreaFAO · 2023 · world median 31.0831.2331.08Moved since 2013
Cuba: 31.23 · world median 31.08 · Forest area (% of land area). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 94.45.
Position 106th of 210 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Population Living Below 5 m ElevationCenter for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University · 2015 · world median 2.9542.5052.954No real change since 1990
Cuba: 2.505 · world median 2.954 · Population living below 5 m elevation (% of total population). Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University, 2015 edition, data for 2015.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 78.48.
Temperature Change on LandFAO · 2025 · world median 1.4741.4031.474Moved since 2015
Cuba: 1.403 · world median 1.474 · Change in mean land-surface temperature against the country's own 1951–1980 average, °C. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0.34 to 3.294.
Fisheries and Aquaculture ProductionFAO · 2024 · world median 52,37522,33052,375Moved since 2014
Cuba: 22,330 · world median 52,375 · Fish, crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic animals caught or farmed, tonnes (live weight). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 70,500,841.
Solar Share of Electricity GenerationEmber · 2024 · world median 3.0491.2353.049Moved since 2014
Cuba: 1.235 · world median 3.049 · Solar (% of electricity generated). Ember, 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 50.
Land Under Cereal ProductionFAO · 2023 · world median 689,278142,254689,278Moved since 2013
Cuba: 142,254 · world median 689,278 · Land under cereal production (hectares). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 103,715,108.
Position 129th of 179 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Operating Wind Power CapacityGlobal Energy Monitor · 2026 · world median 1000100No earlier reading
Cuba: 0 · world median 100 · Wind farm capacity in operation (megawatts). Global Energy Monitor, 2026 edition, data for 2026.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 542,758.
Cropland Nitrogen BalanceFAO · 2023 · world median 37.634.47337.63Moved since 2013
Cuba: 4.473 · world median 37.63 · Nitrogen surplus (+) or deficit (−) on cropland, kg per hectare. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from -555.52 to 1,199.
Pesticide Use per HectareFAO · 2024 · world median 1.730.221.73Moved since 2014
Cuba: 0.22 · world median 1.73 · Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 37.72.
Position 156th of 178 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Fertilizer Consumption per HectareFAO · 2023 · world median 87.363.78387.36Moved since 2013
Cuba: 3.783 · world median 87.36 · Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 2,926.
Position 177th of 188 · derived, counted from the highest value.
No current reading for Cuba
Adjusted Net Savings, Agricultural Irrigated Land, Consumption-Based CO₂ Emissions, Environmentally Related Tax Revenue, Meat Supply per Person (last 2019), Operating Coal Power Capacity, Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP) (last 2020) and World Energy Trilemma Index. Listed rather than hidden, so the page can be checked against it.
“Position · derived” is this site’s ordering of the published values, 1st = best unless the row says otherwise; the publisher ranks no country on it. Rank, position and standing
05Country Index 2026
Environment & Sustainability among Cuba’s 13 topics
Environment & Sustainability is Cuba’s 9th best-placed topic of 13. Strongest first, each marker at its share of that topic’s field.
- Health & Wellbeing56th of 2003/4 keys
- Education & Knowledge69th of 1983/4 keys
- Development & Human Capital83rd of 1963/3 keys
- Work & Labourjoint 78th of 1824/4 keys
- Digital & Technologyjoint 106th of 1983/4 keys
- Peace & Securityjoint 95th of 1773/4 keys
- Risk & Resilience107th of 1933/4 keys
- Food & Agriculture120th of 1842/4 keys
- Environment & Sustainabilityjoint 123rd of 1864/4 keys
- Governance & Institutions145th of 1943/4 keys
- Energy148th of 1652/3 keys
- Democracy & Civil Liberties179th of 1983/4 keys
- Mobility & Trade171st of 1773/4 keys
No standing on Economy & Innovation, Gender & Equality, Poverty & Inequality: too few of those topics’ key statistics are published for this country.
06The top of the list
Who leads on environment & sustainability
The three countries placed highest of 186, and the leaders Cuba can most readily be measured against.
1
AngolaMiddle Africa
1st of 186 · 3 of 4 keys
Photo: Paulo César Santos derivative work: Jjtkk · CC0, greyscale
- 2
São Tomé and PríncipeMiddle Africa
2nd of 186 · 3 of 4 keys
3
Sierra LeoneWestern Africa
3rd of 186 · 4 of 4 keys
Photo: Annabel Symington derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY 2.0, greyscale
Placed highest nearby
Highest in Americas
Nicaragua=15th2/4 keysHighest in Caribbean
Haiti=44th4/4 keysThis page
Cuba=123rd4/4 keys
Positions out of 186 placed on the topic. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed, and the top of the list is often held on fewer of them.
07Questions
Cuba on environment & sustainability: questions answered
Every answer is built from the numbers on this page, so none can say something the page does not.
How does Cuba rank on environment & sustainability?
Cuba is placed joint 123rd of 186 countries on Environment & Sustainability in the Country Index 2026, from 4 of its 4 key statistics (CO₂ Emissions per Capita, Water Stress, Organic Agricultural Area and Ecological Footprint). The position is this site’s ordering of published statistics, not a rank any publisher printed.
What is the latest CO₂ Emissions per Capita figure for Cuba?
2.226 in 2024 (fossil CO₂ (tonnes per person)), according to Global Carbon Project. The world median in the same edition was 3.21.
What is the latest Water Stress figure for Cuba?
22.17 in 2023 (freshwater withdrawal as a share of available resources (%)), according to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The world median in the same edition was 10.
How have Cuba’s environment & sustainability figures changed?
CO₂ Emissions per Capita fell from 2.277 in 2000 to 2.226 in 2024; Water Stress rose from 18.02 in 2000 to 22.17 in 2023; Organic Agricultural Area fell from 0.23 in 2005 to 0.08 in 2024; Ecological Footprint fell from 1.916 in 2000 to 1.702 in 2025.
Which environment & sustainability statistics are missing for Cuba?
No current reading is published for Cuba on Adjusted Net Savings, Agricultural Irrigated Land, Consumption-Based CO₂ Emissions, Environmentally Related Tax Revenue, Meat Supply per Person, Operating Coal Power Capacity, Total Natural Resources Rents (% of GDP) and World Energy Trilemma Index. They are listed rather than hidden, so the evidence on the page can be checked against it.
08Method
Method, sources and how to cite
What this topic does not measure
Air quality and biodiversity are not keys, because the site does not yet hold data for them that passes every test. Forest cover, farmland, farm emissions and the renewable share of electricity are published here as context. Exposure to natural hazards belongs to Risk & Resilience.
How the Environment & Sustainability standing is decided
A standing is this site’s ordering, named with its edition — never a publisher’s rank. 4 key statistics vote, one vote each; every country’s published value becomes a place within that key’s own field, the places are averaged, and the average is never published. A country needs 2 of the 4 keys to be placed.
The environment & sustainability method, step by stepHow every standing on this site is built
The key statistics and their licences
- CO₂ Emissions per Capita — Global Carbon Project, CC BY 4.0
- Water Stress — Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), CC BY 4.0
- Organic Agricultural Area — Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), CC BY 4.0
- Ecological Footprint — Global Footprint Network, CC BY-SA 4.0
The other 41 statistics on this page come from 17 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Photographs
Cuba’s banner and the countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.
- Cuba (banner) — Rastapopulous, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Angola — Paulo César Santos derivative work: Jjtkk, CC0
- Sierra Leone — Annabel Symington derivative work: Jjtkk, CC BY 2.0
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Cuba: Environment & Sustainability — standing and statistics, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/cuba/environment