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Data for 1991

Historical GDP per Capita (Maddison), 1991

1991, as GGDC’s 2023 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Historical GDP per capita follows each country's output per person back to 1820, in 2011 international dollars, from the Maddison Project Database. It joins economic historians' reconstructions of old national accounts onto modern statistics, so that incomes two centuries apart can be set on one scale.

Historical GDP per Capita (Maddison), 1991 covers 165 countries. Luxembourg is highest, at 39,198; Chad is lowest, at 703. The middle country reads 5,616. Against 1990, 165 values changed (85 up, 80 down), 1 left.

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Historical GDP per Capita (Maddison) · Data for 1991

HighestLuxembourg

39,198

LowestChad

703

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Historical GDP per Capita (Maddison), 1991, as published. GGDC ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Showing 25 of 165 countries · select a heading to sort

Historical GDP per Capita (Maddison), 1991: every country, as published by Maddison Project, Groningen Growth and Development Centre (GGDC).
derived
1LuxembourgLUXWestern Europe39,198
2United StatesUSANorthern America36,464
3SwitzerlandCHEWestern Europe34,129
4NorwayNORNorthern Europe31,128
5JapanJPNEastern Asia30,837
6DenmarkDNKNorthern Europe29,915
7CanadaCANNorthern America29,152
8Hong KongHKGEastern Asia29,009
9FranceFRAWestern Europe28,294
10IcelandISLNorthern Europe28,258
11NetherlandsNLDWestern Europe28,127
12BelgiumBELWestern Europe27,848
13AustriaAUTWestern Europe27,690
14SwedenSWENorthern Europe27,614
15AustraliaAUSAustralia and New Zealand26,861
16GermanyDEUWestern Europe26,770
17ItalyITASouthern Europe26,570
18United KingdomGBRNorthern Europe25,792
19FinlandFINNorthern Europe25,175
20SingaporeSGPSouth-eastern Asia23,637
21New ZealandNZLAustralia and New Zealand21,126
22IsraelISRWestern Asia20,913
23SpainESPSouthern Europe19,958
24IrelandIRLNorthern Europe19,254
25PortugalPRTSouthern Europe17,950

02In 1991

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

  1. 1Luxembourg39,198
  2. 2United States36,464
  3. 3Switzerland34,129
  4. 4Norway31,128
  5. 5Japan30,837

Lowest

  1. 165Chad703
  2. 164DR Congo738
  3. 163Ethiopia811
  4. 162Guinea827
  5. 161Niger866

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 5,616. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031990 → 1991

Since 1990

  • +0 / −1countries joined / left
  • 165values changed, of 165 in both
  • 85 · 80rose · fell
  • 0unchanged

Rose most

Fell most

  • Kuwait9,757 → 6,311−3,446
  • Croatia12,948 → 10,296−2,652
  • Georgia12,140 → 9,535−2,605
  • Iraq3,918 → 1,519−2,399
  • Latvia15,806 → 13,775−2,031
− United Arab Emirates

04Caveats

Read before you use

Using the series

  • One year of the 2023 release

    Every year in this series comes from GGDC’s 2023 release, recalculated on one method, so a change from one year to the next is not a revision. It can differ from what was first published for 1991.

  • Nothing missing

    Every one of the 165 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

Licence in full

What this site changed: Reshaped to one row per country, with its ISO code; no value recalculated, rescaled or rounded. In full

Licence: CC BY 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

Maddison Project, Groningen Growth and Development Centre (GGDC) (1991). Historical GDP per Capita (Maddison), 1991 [data set], describing 1991. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/historical-gdp-per-capita/1991

06112 held

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