Data for 2019

V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 2019

Name: V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 2019
Creator: V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg
License: https://v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/

2019, as V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 2019 covers 176 countries on 5 measures. Denmark is highest, at 0.916; Saudi Arabia is lowest, at 0.015. The middle country reads 0.528. Against 2018, 169 values changed (68 up, 101 down), the same countries are covered.

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V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index · Data for 2019

HighestDenmark

0.916

LowestSaudi Arabia

0.015

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

176countries
5measures per country
2019the year it describes
163distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 11, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY-SA 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 2019, as published. V-Dem Institute ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 176 countries · select a heading to sort

V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 2019: every country, as published by V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg.
derived
1	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.916	0.886	0.704	0.876	0.878
2	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.902	0.860	0.800	0.872	0.837
3	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.901	0.837	0.645	0.810	0.835
4	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.899	0.866	0.646	0.841	0.821
5	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.898	0.848	0.638	0.773	0.810
6	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.896	0.836	0.733	0.838	0.792
7	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.893	0.842	0.655	0.833	0.804
8	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.889	0.852	0.633	0.860	0.851
9	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.887	0.822	0.629	0.799	0.776
10	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.886	0.820	0.623	0.833	0.796
11	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.885	0.831	0.687	0.759	0.784
12	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.881	0.842	0.624	0.821	0.805
13	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.878	0.831	0.635	0.841	0.821
14	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.872	0.788	0.629	0.824	0.819
15	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.871	0.804	0.621	0.763	0.779
=16	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.866	0.793	0.605	0.794	0.764
=16	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.866	0.819	0.589	0.807	0.775
18	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.864	0.763	0.628	0.782	0.739
19	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.862	0.793	0.632	0.734	0.765
20	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.859	0.784	0.638	0.784	0.782
=21	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.854	0.777	0.673	0.789	0.783
=21	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.854	0.787	0.626	0.719	0.716
23	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.850	0.763	0.591	0.754	0.716
24	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.842	0.777	0.569	0.757	0.732
25	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	0.841	0.737	0.619	0.662	0.668
26	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.840	0.710	0.560	0.711	0.739
27	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	0.834	0.725	0.646	0.730	0.743
28	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.830	0.753	0.540	0.722	0.750
29	Chile`CHL`South America	0.829	0.761	0.559	0.744	0.613
30	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.826	0.741	0.595	0.683	0.717
31	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.825	0.779	0.589	0.748	0.713
32	United States`USA`Northern America	0.818	0.740	0.584	0.623	0.631
33	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.817	0.756	0.632	0.663	0.709
34	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.814	0.743	0.600	0.701	0.718
35	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	0.810	0.703	0.549	0.689	0.645
36	Peru`PER`South America	0.801	0.694	0.588	0.599	0.514
37	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.800	0.699	0.525	0.635	0.707
38	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.796	0.620	0.557	0.682	0.677
39	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.792	0.668	0.345	0.696	0.657
40	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	0.790	0.707	0.484	0.598	0.631
41	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.787	0.676	0.499	0.689	0.652
=42	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.779	0.618	0.517	0.599	0.612
=42	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	0.779	0.662	0.469	0.631	0.614
44	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.767	0.569	0.563	0.628	0.661
45	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.750	0.555	0.557	0.378	0.552
46	Suriname`SUR`South America	0.741	0.583	0.464	0.579	0.543
47	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.734	0.617	0.514	0.547	0.582
48	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.731	0.535	0.435	0.590	0.456
49	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.727	0.623	0.473	0.629	0.489
50	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.725	0.632	0.484	0.654	0.583
51	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.718	0.606	0.352	0.597	0.514
52	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.708	0.623	0.451	0.573	0.562
53	Timor-Leste`TLS`South-eastern Asia	0.703	0.517	0.429	0.505	0.442
54	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	0.697	0.543	0.450	0.560	0.512
55	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.694	0.595	0.443	0.575	0.567
56	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.691	0.528	0.436	0.487	0.395
57	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.684	0.428	0.420	0.425	0.396
58	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.682	0.505	0.449	0.445	0.595
59	Kosovo`XKX`Southern Europe	0.677	0.497	0.408	0.463	0.472
60	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	0.670	0.556	0.421	0.472	0.463
61	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.657	0.477	0.390	0.540	0.418
=62	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.656	0.560	0.391	0.550	0.468
=62	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	0.656	0.503	0.403	0.344	0.388
64	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.653	0.540	0.355	0.536	0.485
65	Colombia`COL`South America	0.651	0.511	0.460	0.424	0.378
66	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.647	0.512	0.388	0.483	0.381
67	Guyana`GUY`South America	0.640	0.426	0.384	0.453	0.473
68	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.627	0.480	0.402	0.499	0.519
69	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.623	0.412	0.335	0.491	0.413
=70	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.621	0.488	0.384	0.489	0.477
=70	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	0.621	0.535	0.267	0.523	0.500
72	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.617	0.446	0.425	0.457	0.406
73	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.609	0.506	0.441	0.471	0.464
74	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.606	0.484	0.397	0.408	0.400
75	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.602	0.411	0.411	0.444	0.409
76	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.599	0.393	0.355	0.297	0.285
77	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.598	0.517	0.377	0.539	0.504
78	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	0.597	0.415	0.345	0.341	0.246
79	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.596	0.459	0.394	0.519	0.372
80	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.588	0.445	0.386	0.398	0.428
81	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.585	0.420	0.363	0.378	0.242
82	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.570	0.410	0.322	0.434	0.394
83	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.569	0.340	0.369	0.417	0.295
84	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.564	0.439	0.349	0.384	0.399
85	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	0.554	0.392	0.370	0.487	0.351
86	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.534	0.314	0.360	0.448	0.347
87	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	0.529	0.327	0.241	0.252	0.279
=88	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.528	0.401	0.339	0.490	0.355
=88	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.528	0.318	0.326	0.456	0.366
90	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.524	0.421	0.335	0.387	0.377
91	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	0.520	0.360	0.350	0.356	0.292
92	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	0.516	0.317	0.311	0.432	0.317
93	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.515	0.338	0.301	0.365	0.363
94	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.511	0.426	0.312	0.255	0.369
95	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	0.501	0.402	0.340	0.435	0.327
96	Montenegro`MNE`Southern Europe	0.483	0.376	0.316	0.374	0.390
97	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.480	0.413	0.315	0.361	0.269
98	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	0.478	0.248	0.285	0.254	0.214
99	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.470	0.338	0.293	0.360	0.348
100	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.466	0.364	0.317	0.271	0.335
101	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.462	0.352	0.278	0.259	0.253
102	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.456	0.241	0.341	0.309	0.294
103	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.452	0.335	0.277	0.312	0.361
104	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.441	0.309	0.255	0.278	0.305
105	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.430	0.324	0.269	0.297	0.224
106	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.429	0.276	0.238	0.306	0.238
107	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.428	0.280	0.300	0.362	0.192
=108	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	0.421	0.247	0.244	0.259	0.131
=108	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.421	0.246	0.254	0.336	0.241
110	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.407	0.186	0.255	0.292	0.173
111	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.403	0.330	0.113	0.335	0.343
112	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.397	0.255	0.239	0.266	0.246
=113	Somaliland`XSL`Eastern Africa	0.395	0.246	0.240	0.251	0.155
=113	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	0.395	0.193	0.237	0.322	0.314
115	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	0.393	0.226	0.267	0.291	0.193
116	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	0.391	0.264	0.181	0.277	0.287
117	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.383	0.325	0.256	0.334	0.322
118	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	0.379	0.214	0.156	0.221	0.186
119	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	0.377	0.201	0.262	0.278	0.266
=120	Honduras`HND`Central America	0.368	0.229	0.250	0.256	0.144
=120	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.368	0.233	0.240	0.284	0.122
122	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	0.365	0.280	0.245	0.208	0.317
123	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	0.360	0.141	0.228	0.133	0.194
124	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.358	0.301	0.256	0.248	0.231
125	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	0.347	0.162	0.096	0.185	0.135
126	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.344	0.141	0.213	0.267	0.199
=127	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	0.329	0.162	0.119	0.251	0.175
=127	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.329	0.158	0.164	0.285	0.220
129	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.323	0.288	0.103	0.296	0.247
130	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	0.305	0.129	0.209	0.205	0.239
131	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.304	0.202	0.239	0.224	0.182
132	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	0.300	0.267	0.110	0.167	0.282
133	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	0.293	0.153	0.103	0.197	0.254
134	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.289	0.107	0.192	0.094	0.220
135	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.284	0.193	0.207	0.256	0.169
136	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.280	0.116	0.106	0.114	0.187
137	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.270	0.088	0.128	0.134	0.099
138	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	0.263	0.148	0.162	0.232	0.180
139	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.260	0.240	0.120	0.219	0.230
=140	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.259	0.110	0.098	0.099	0.275
=140	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.259	0.105	0.151	0.152	0.198
142	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.257	0.244	0.161	0.245	0.185
=143	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.251	0.094	0.107	0.114	0.100
=143	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	0.251	0.119	0.134	0.145	0.176
145	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	0.250	0.100	0.187	0.170	0.133
146	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.236	0.113	0.074	0.145	0.180
147	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	0.227	0.120	0.185	0.213	0.204
148	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.215	0.046	0.125	0.026	0.115
149	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	0.211	0.117	0.187	0.199	0.201
150	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.209	0.060	0.157	0.041	0.124
151	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.208	0.184	0.109	0.069	0.159
152	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.203	0.077	0.056	0.180	0.148
153	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	0.195	0.063	0.060	0.043	0.123
154	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.194	0.066	0.073	0.075	0.091
155	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.193	0.066	0.091	0.139	0.075
=156	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	0.181	0.062	0.057	0.102	0.246
=156	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.181	0.126	0.044	0.147	0.167
158	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	0.178	0.051	0.052	0.057	0.116
159	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	0.176	0.141	0.126	0.067	0.184
160	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.174	0.116	0.074	0.095	0.105
161	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	0.164	0.041	0.053	0.039	0.066
162	South Sudan`SSD`Eastern Africa	0.160	0.064	0.055	0.049	0.039
163	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.159	0.055	0.144	0.044	0.111
164	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.149	0.035	0.032	0.035	0.080
165	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	0.148	0.104	0.082	0.173	0.074
166	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.136	0.026	0.046	0.017	0.059
167	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.133	0.114	0.115	0.071	0.078
168	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	0.132	0.059	0.044	0.040	0.120
169	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	0.127	0.109	0.102	0.070	0.115
170	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	0.117	0.038	0.068	0.028	0.023
171	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.102	0.090	0.027	0.077	0.133
172	North Korea`PRK`Eastern Asia	0.083	0.014	0.043	0.008	0.090
173	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.075	0.047	0.037	0.118	0.094
174	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	0.070	0.009	0.009	0.027	0.121
175	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.040	0.082	0.022	0.090	0.118
176	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.015	0.045	0.022	0.047	0.110

02In 2019

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline, then the highest and lowest on each other measure.

Highest

1Denmark0.916
2Switzerland0.902
3Belgium0.901
4Sweden0.899
5Estonia0.898

Lowest

176Saudi Arabia0.015
175Qatar0.040
174Eritrea0.070
173China0.075
172North Korea0.083

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.528. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

Each measure’s ends

Liberal democracy (0–1)
HighestDenmark0.886
LowestEritrea0.009
Middle country: 0.393
Participatory democracy (0–1)
HighestSwitzerland0.800
LowestEritrea0.009
Middle country: 0.335
Deliberative democracy (0–1)
HighestDenmark0.876
LowestNorth Korea0.008
Middle country: 0.376
Egalitarian democracy (0–1)
HighestDenmark0.878
LowestYemen0.023
Middle country: 0.350

032018 → 2019

Since 2018

What changed between 2018 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+0 / −0countries joined / left
169values changed, of 176 in both
68 · 101rose · fell
7unchanged

Rose most

Armenia0.524 → 0.796+0.272
Maldives0.391 → 0.570+0.179
Ukraine0.430 → 0.528+0.098
Moldova0.506 → 0.588+0.082
Romania0.692 → 0.750+0.058

Fell most

Benin0.606 → 0.452−0.154
Bolivia0.593 → 0.456−0.137
Comoros0.367 → 0.305−0.062
Brazil0.749 → 0.691−0.058
India0.482 → 0.430−0.052

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 2019.
163 distinct values among 176
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 2 countries share 0.866. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The position is ours
V-Dem Institute publishes values only; the order is this site’s.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 176 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
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Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download vdem-democracy-2019-nations-inquiry.csv
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The publisher’s original
V-Dem Institute’s own file, on its own site.
V-Dem-CY-Core-v16_csv.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg (2019). V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 2019 [data set], describing 2019. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/vdem-democracy/2019

0636 held

Other years

‹ The year before
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 2018
176 countries
The year after ›
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 2020
176 countries
All of them
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index: every year
36 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions