Data for 1995

V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 1995

Name: V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 1995
Creator: V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg
License: https://v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/

1995, as V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 1995 covers 173 countries on 5 measures. Sweden is highest, at 0.912; 2 countries share the lowest reading, 0.015. The middle country reads 0.473. Against 1994, 98 values changed (63 up, 35 down), the same countries are covered.

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V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index · Data for 1995

HighestSweden

0.912

Lowest2 countries share it

0.015

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

173countries
5measures per country
1995the year it describes
153distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 11, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY-SA 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 1995, as published. V-Dem Institute ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 173 countries · select a heading to sort

V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 1995: every country, as published by V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg.
derived
1	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.912	0.879	0.689	0.885	0.874
2	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.908	0.880	0.734	0.863	0.869
3	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.895	0.819	0.579	0.768	0.810
=4	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.893	0.841	0.631	0.832	0.787
=4	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.893	0.853	0.646	0.864	0.825
6	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.892	0.818	0.649	0.804	0.813
=7	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.889	0.848	0.655	0.802	0.795
=7	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.889	0.810	0.610	0.767	0.782
9	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.887	0.835	0.788	0.852	0.814
10	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.884	0.793	0.601	0.752	0.794
11	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.882	0.812	0.633	0.793	0.821
12	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.881	0.847	0.661	0.853	0.840
=13	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.872	0.832	0.642	0.818	0.808
=13	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.872	0.813	0.703	0.719	0.741
=15	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.871	0.789	0.622	0.715	0.771
=15	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.871	0.794	0.740	0.797	0.743
=17	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.869	0.802	0.622	0.741	0.755
=17	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.869	0.798	0.647	0.799	0.758
19	United States`USA`Northern America	0.868	0.808	0.626	0.826	0.705
20	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.867	0.784	0.587	0.795	0.814
21	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.862	0.778	0.611	0.736	0.786
=22	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.861	0.812	0.584	0.786	0.784
=22	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.861	0.806	0.581	0.754	0.776
24	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.857	0.779	0.639	0.772	0.759
25	Chile`CHL`South America	0.850	0.783	0.539	0.751	0.549
26	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.847	0.712	0.570	0.724	0.568
27	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.844	0.756	0.610	0.659	0.720
28	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.842	0.762	0.609	0.754	0.716
=29	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.839	0.760	0.552	0.738	0.756
=29	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.839	0.757	0.605	0.755	0.754
31	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.833	0.641	0.575	0.773	0.657
=32	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.828	0.744	0.637	0.745	0.755
=32	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.828	0.757	0.619	0.697	0.717
34	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.814	0.751	0.563	0.685	0.652
35	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.799	0.670	0.518	0.608	0.643
36	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.776	0.586	0.508	0.652	0.658
37	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.774	0.634	0.500	0.646	0.621
=38	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.772	0.694	0.515	0.628	0.637
=38	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.772	0.646	0.482	0.586	0.638
40	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.762	0.647	0.324	0.588	0.620
41	Suriname`SUR`South America	0.751	0.639	0.501	0.603	0.548
42	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.748	0.604	0.484	0.659	0.514
43	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.738	0.582	0.482	0.670	0.501
44	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	0.732	0.649	0.428	0.606	0.569
45	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.731	0.612	0.477	0.621	0.599
46	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.730	0.492	0.434	0.629	0.477
47	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.725	0.619	0.461	0.665	0.564
48	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.711	0.534	0.450	0.581	0.473
49	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	0.702	0.537	0.492	0.388	0.525
50	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.699	0.450	0.466	0.430	0.363
51	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.698	0.581	0.404	0.594	0.590
52	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.691	0.588	0.436	0.607	0.560
53	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.689	0.485	0.427	0.579	0.361
54	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.684	0.587	0.439	0.576	0.447
55	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.670	0.553	0.414	0.556	0.435
56	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.657	0.528	0.457	0.589	0.441
57	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	0.640	0.508	0.412	0.428	0.438
58	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	0.635	0.468	0.361	0.536	0.434
59	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	0.627	0.489	0.391	0.495	0.470
60	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.624	0.512	0.304	0.560	0.459
61	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	0.616	0.518	0.374	0.467	0.487
62	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	0.594	0.422	0.413	0.500	0.397
63	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.591	0.411	0.321	0.293	0.418
64	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.566	0.432	0.275	0.440	0.343
65	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.562	0.392	0.352	0.339	0.454
66	Colombia`COL`South America	0.560	0.428	0.384	0.334	0.333
67	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	0.555	0.357	0.334	0.266	0.266
68	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.552	0.325	0.303	0.347	0.423
69	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.550	0.414	0.381	0.497	0.289
=70	Honduras`HND`Central America	0.544	0.300	0.297	0.420	0.220
=70	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.544	0.346	0.314	0.304	0.359
72	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.538	0.373	0.327	0.409	0.329
73	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.537	0.413	0.317	0.327	0.299
=74	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.532	0.404	0.245	0.448	0.373
=74	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	0.532	0.413	0.298	0.313	0.317
76	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	0.522	0.381	0.279	0.427	0.331
77	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.518	0.377	0.316	0.267	0.172
78	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.513	0.269	0.236	0.219	0.213
79	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.501	0.358	0.293	0.217	0.421
=80	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.491	0.396	0.262	0.409	0.345
=80	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.491	0.281	0.286	0.339	0.244
82	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.489	0.273	0.236	0.350	0.421
83	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.484	0.274	0.297	0.315	0.221
84	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.482	0.377	0.312	0.415	0.317
85	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.481	0.256	0.223	0.357	0.334
86	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.477	0.297	0.300	0.383	0.315
87	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.473	0.394	0.230	0.350	0.356
88	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.463	0.305	0.171	0.248	0.293
89	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	0.450	0.291	0.291	0.332	0.208
90	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.449	0.348	0.230	0.204	0.334
=91	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.444	0.205	0.284	0.247	0.227
=91	Guyana`GUY`South America	0.444	0.298	0.230	0.202	0.315
93	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.427	0.344	0.234	0.298	0.317
=94	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	0.412	0.240	0.288	0.267	0.170
=94	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.412	0.307	0.199	0.379	0.228
96	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.405	0.318	0.227	0.338	0.289
97	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	0.400	0.194	0.221	0.271	0.272
98	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.386	0.219	0.222	0.137	0.301
99	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	0.377	0.320	0.139	0.369	0.328
100	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.370	0.201	0.213	0.182	0.133
101	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.366	0.182	0.113	0.212	0.291
102	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.365	0.140	0.129	0.228	0.132
103	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	0.362	0.257	0.130	0.268	0.322
104	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.361	0.297	0.094	0.300	0.319
105	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	0.358	0.203	0.145	0.185	0.185
106	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	0.352	0.220	0.154	0.245	0.210
107	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	0.348	0.238	0.174	0.221	0.125
108	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	0.337	0.211	0.202	0.319	0.209
109	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	0.329	0.199	0.217	0.282	0.213
110	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	0.324	0.279	0.229	0.318	0.314
111	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	0.322	0.165	0.135	0.213	0.253
112	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.314	0.256	0.142	0.217	0.292
113	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.312	0.188	0.117	0.221	0.217
114	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.311	0.124	0.120	0.157	0.152
115	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.310	0.225	0.211	0.259	0.194
116	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.303	0.182	0.118	0.204	0.260
117	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	0.299	0.132	0.081	0.193	0.108
118	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.293	0.225	0.189	0.283	0.215
=119	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.288	0.147	0.118	0.148	0.207
=119	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	0.288	0.180	0.181	0.143	0.246
121	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.287	0.146	0.146	0.125	0.166
122	Peru`PER`South America	0.285	0.106	0.184	0.155	0.153
123	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.282	0.267	0.091	0.286	0.223
124	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.263	0.179	0.193	0.151	0.184
125	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.258	0.162	0.166	0.178	0.204
126	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	0.255	0.102	0.152	0.124	0.150
127	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.253	0.170	0.157	0.252	0.193
128	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	0.247	0.083	0.078	0.084	0.163
129	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	0.240	0.110	0.115	0.124	0.153
130	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.227	0.196	0.083	0.188	0.199
131	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.223	0.097	0.089	0.145	0.149
132	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.217	0.157	0.084	0.162	0.116
133	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.193	0.052	0.046	0.115	0.130
134	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.192	0.187	0.094	0.118	0.119
135	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	0.189	0.095	0.161	0.059	0.127
136	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.188	0.091	0.118	0.146	0.204
137	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.187	0.069	0.122	0.102	0.147
138	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	0.186	0.113	0.086	0.224	0.208
139	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	0.181	0.052	0.052	0.061	0.111
=140	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.173	0.077	0.102	0.088	0.077
=140	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	0.173	0.055	0.071	0.088	0.135
=142	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.170	0.036	0.122	0.105	0.091
=142	Somaliland`XSL`Eastern Africa	0.170	0.127	0.102	0.149	0.098
144	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.166	0.143	0.125	0.192	0.150
=145	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.165	0.120	0.056	0.185	0.168
=145	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.165	0.041	0.058	0.082	0.123
147	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.160	0.058	0.068	0.030	0.151
148	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	0.159	0.035	0.115	0.158	0.093
149	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	0.158	0.027	0.069	0.067	0.043
150	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	0.155	0.076	0.062	0.052	0.063
151	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	0.150	0.080	0.167	0.164	0.198
152	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.147	0.028	0.069	0.025	0.107
153	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.145	0.037	0.054	0.021	0.127
154	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.117	0.099	0.126	0.074	0.071
155	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	0.108	0.037	0.043	0.055	0.232
156	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	0.104	0.118	0.107	0.100	0.138
=157	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.102	0.069	0.037	0.131	0.112
=157	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	0.102	0.036	0.016	0.055	0.155
159	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.101	0.074	0.051	0.051	0.138
160	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	0.097	0.062	0.046	0.009	0.084
161	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.096	0.017	0.043	0.024	0.071
162	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	0.093	0.022	0.024	0.027	0.042
163	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.088	0.018	0.047	0.035	0.048
164	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	0.085	0.087	0.091	0.031	0.109
165	North Korea`PRK`Eastern Asia	0.084	0.014	0.043	0.011	0.095
166	Timor-Leste`TLS`South-eastern Asia	0.077	—	—	0.010	0.076
167	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	0.072	0.048	0.044	0.046	0.125
168	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.064	0.131	0.105	0.139	0.159
169	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	0.049	—	0.011	0.028	0.102
170	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.027	0.068	0.014	0.117	0.094
171	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.017	0.083	0.014	0.032	0.113
=172	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	0.015	0.084	0.050	0.029	0.130
=172	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.015	0.039	0.019	0.030	0.109

02In 1995

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline, then the highest and lowest on each other measure.

Highest

1Sweden0.912
2Denmark0.908
3Czechia0.895
4Costa Ricashared0.893
4Germanyshared0.893

Lowest

172Saudi Arabiashared0.015
172Omanshared0.015
171Qatar0.017
170United Arab Emirates0.027
169Bahrain0.049

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.473. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

Each measure’s ends

Liberal democracy (0–1)
HighestDenmark0.880
LowestNorth Korea0.014
Middle country: 0.305
Participatory democracy (0–1)
HighestSwitzerland0.788
LowestBahrain0.011
Middle country: 0.241
Deliberative democracy (0–1)
HighestSweden0.885
LowestIraq0.009
Middle country: 0.313
Egalitarian democracy (0–1)
HighestSweden0.874
LowestAfghanistan0.042
Middle country: 0.301

031994 → 1995

Since 1994

What changed between 1994 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+0 / −0countries joined / left
98values changed, of 173 in both
63 · 35rose · fell
75unchanged

Rose most

South Africa0.392 → 0.657+0.265
Mozambique0.246 → 0.463+0.217
North Macedonia0.315 → 0.449+0.134
Haiti0.232 → 0.348+0.116
Guinea-Bissau0.249 → 0.358+0.109

Fell most

Lesotho0.469 → 0.314−0.155
Gambia0.207 → 0.101−0.106
Armenia0.584 → 0.489−0.095
Côte d’Ivoire0.356 → 0.263−0.093
Belarus0.546 → 0.501−0.045

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1995.
153 distinct values among 173
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 2 countries share 0.893. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The position is ours
V-Dem Institute publishes values only; the order is this site’s.
3 empty cells
An empty cell means the publisher gave no figure. It is never a zero.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

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Download vdem-democracy-1995-nations-inquiry.csv
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The publisher’s original
V-Dem Institute’s own file, on its own site.
V-Dem-CY-Core-v16_csv.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg (1995). V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 1995 [data set], describing 1995. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/vdem-democracy/1995

0636 held

Other years

‹ The year before
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 1994
173 countries
The year after ›
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index, 1996
173 countries
All of them
V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index: every year
36 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions