Data for 2023

Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 2023

Name: Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 2023
Creator: V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg
License: https://v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/

2023, as V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 2023 covers 176 countries. Australia is highest, at 0.988; North Korea is lowest, at 0.003. The middle country reads 0.659. Against 2022, 140 values changed (62 up, 78 down), the same countries are covered.

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Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index · Data for 2023

HighestAustralia

0.988

LowestNorth Korea

0.003

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

176countries
1measure
2023the year it describes
163distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 26, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY-SA 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 2023, as published. V-Dem Institute ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 176 countries · select a heading to sort

Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 2023: every country, as published by V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg.
derived
1	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.988
2	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.987
3	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.982
4	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.981
5	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.977
6	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.976
7	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.966
8	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.957
9	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.956
10	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.955
11	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	0.952
12	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.950
13	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.949
14	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.947
15	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.945
16	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.944
17	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.943
18	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.942
19	Chile`CHL`South America	0.941
20	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.940
21	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.938
=22	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.930
=22	United States`USA`Northern America	0.930
24	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.925
25	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.914
=26	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.911
=26	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	0.911
28	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	0.896
29	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.894
30	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.887
=31	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	0.883
=31	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.883
33	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.882
=34	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.880
=34	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	0.880
36	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.878
37	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	0.876
38	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.871
39	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.869
40	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.867
41	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.865
=42	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.863
=42	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.863
44	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.861
45	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.859
46	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.856
47	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	0.837
=48	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.827
=48	Peru`PER`South America	0.827
=48	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.827
51	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	0.826
52	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.823
53	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.822
54	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.820
55	Colombia`COL`South America	0.817
=56	Honduras`HND`Central America	0.816
=56	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.816
=56	Suriname`SUR`South America	0.816
59	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.808
60	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.807
61	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.805
62	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.804
63	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.803
64	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.793
65	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.789
66	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.788
67	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.785
68	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.781
69	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.777
=70	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.774
=70	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.774
72	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	0.773
73	Montenegro`MNE`Southern Europe	0.772
74	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.767
75	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	0.756
76	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	0.745
77	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.727
78	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.725
79	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.724
80	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.721
81	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.715
82	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.713
83	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.707
84	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.704
85	Timor-Leste`TLS`South-eastern Asia	0.673
86	Guyana`GUY`South America	0.668
87	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.667
88	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	0.660
89	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.658
90	Kosovo`XKX`Southern Europe	0.657
91	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	0.650
92	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.643
93	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.641
94	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.638
95	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.634
96	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.632
97	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.627
=98	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	0.603
=98	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.603
100	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.582
101	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.581
102	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.560
103	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.551
104	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	0.538
105	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.529
106	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.524
107	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.522
108	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.513
109	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	0.483
110	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.467
111	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	0.460
112	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.457
113	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	0.425
114	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.419
115	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	0.415
116	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	0.410
117	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.392
118	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.389
119	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.371
120	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.370
121	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.361
122	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	0.321
123	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.310
124	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	0.303
125	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.300
126	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.293
127	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.285
128	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	0.279
129	Somaliland`XSL`Eastern Africa	0.276
130	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	0.268
131	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	0.266
132	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.246
133	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	0.244
134	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	0.234
135	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	0.216
136	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.212
137	South Sudan`SSD`Eastern Africa	0.207
138	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	0.201
139	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.198
140	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	0.194
=141	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	0.179
=141	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	0.179
143	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.178
144	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	0.176
145	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.161
146	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	0.157
147	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.156
148	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.153
149	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	0.151
150	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.141
151	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.138
152	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.134
153	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	0.119
154	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	0.112
155	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.109
156	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	0.108
157	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	0.099
158	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	0.098
159	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.090
160	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.079
161	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.072
162	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.063
163	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.062
164	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.061
165	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.060
166	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.043
167	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.039
168	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	0.031
169	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	0.030
170	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.024
171	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.021
=172	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	0.011
=172	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	0.011
174	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.006
175	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.005
176	North Korea`PRK`Eastern Asia	0.003

02In 2023

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Australia0.988
2Denmark0.987
3Switzerland0.982
4Finland0.981
5New Zealand0.977

Lowest

176North Korea0.003
175Nicaragua0.005
174Belarus0.006
172Equatorial Guineashared0.011
172Azerbaijanshared0.011

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.659. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

032022 → 2023

Since 2022

What changed between 2022 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+0 / −0countries joined / left
140values changed, of 176 in both
62 · 78rose · fell
36unchanged

Rose most

Fiji0.454 → 0.837+0.383
Guatemala0.595 → 0.756+0.161
Brazil0.827 → 0.914+0.087
Ukraine0.240 → 0.300+0.060
Thailand0.662 → 0.721+0.059

Fell most

Mongolia0.840 → 0.704−0.136
Central African Republic0.231 → 0.112−0.119
Slovenia0.884 → 0.774−0.110
Cameroon0.243 → 0.134−0.109
Tunisia0.501 → 0.392−0.109

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 2023.
163 distinct values among 176
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 3 countries share 0.827. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The position is ours
V-Dem Institute publishes values only; the order is this site’s.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 176 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
176 rows · 4.8 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download judicial-constraints-2023-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
V-Dem Institute’s own file, on its own site.
V-Dem-CY-Core-v16_csv.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg (2023). Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 2023 [data set], describing 2023. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/judicial-constraints/2023

0636 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 2022
176 countries
The year after ›
Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 2024
176 countries
All of them
Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index: every year
36 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions