Data for 1999

Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 1999

Name: Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 1999
Creator: V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg
License: https://v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/

1999, as V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 1999 covers 174 countries. Australia is highest, at 0.990; North Korea is lowest, at 0.004. The middle country reads 0.635. Against 1998, 24 values changed (12 up, 12 down), 2 countries joined.

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Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index · Data for 1999

HighestAustralia

0.990

LowestNorth Korea

0.004

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

174countries
1measure
1999the year it describes
159distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 26, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY-SA 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 1999, as published. V-Dem Institute ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 174 countries · select a heading to sort

Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 1999: every country, as published by V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg.
derived
1	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.990
2	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.988
3	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.987
4	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.984
5	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.974
6	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.973
=7	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.968
=7	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.968
9	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.960
10	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.955
=11	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.952
=11	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.952
=11	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.952
14	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.950
15	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.949
=16	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.944
=16	United States`USA`Northern America	0.944
=18	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.942
=18	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.942
20	Chile`CHL`South America	0.940
21	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.936
22	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.933
23	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	0.920
24	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.917
25	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.914
26	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.912
27	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.910
28	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.909
29	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.906
=30	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.904
=30	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.904
32	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.896
33	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.892
34	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.889
35	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.886
36	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	0.883
37	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.882
38	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	0.878
39	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	0.877
40	Suriname`SUR`South America	0.872
41	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.864
42	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.863
43	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	0.862
44	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.856
45	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.855
46	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.854
47	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.834
48	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.829
49	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.827
50	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.825
51	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.824
52	Timor-Leste`TLS`South-eastern Asia	0.823
53	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.821
54	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.819
=55	Colombia`COL`South America	0.815
=55	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.815
57	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.797
58	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	0.783
59	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	0.781
60	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.780
61	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.778
62	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.768
63	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.761
64	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.757
65	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.753
66	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.751
67	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.748
68	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.746
69	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	0.738
70	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.729
71	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.719
=72	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.717
=72	Montenegro`MNE`Southern Europe	0.717
74	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.715
=75	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.702
=75	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.702
77	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.692
78	Kosovo`XKX`Southern Europe	0.691
79	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.681
=80	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	0.671
=80	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.671
82	Guyana`GUY`South America	0.669
83	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.658
84	Honduras`HND`Central America	0.648
85	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.645
86	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.642
87	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.636
88	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	0.634
89	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	0.616
90	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.615
91	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.603
92	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.589
93	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.576
94	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.573
95	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	0.569
96	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.566
97	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.545
98	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.543
99	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.538
100	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.514
101	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.513
102	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.512
103	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	0.507
104	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	0.503
105	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	0.500
106	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.498
107	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.490
=108	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.487
=108	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.487
110	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.452
111	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	0.430
112	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.421
113	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.419
114	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	0.410
115	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.404
116	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.402
117	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	0.383
118	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	0.380
119	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	0.373
120	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	0.369
121	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	0.366
122	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.364
123	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.352
124	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	0.334
125	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	0.331
=126	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	0.319
=126	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	0.319
128	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.318
129	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.315
130	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.313
131	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	0.300
132	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.296
133	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.277
134	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.275
135	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	0.263
136	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	0.254
137	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.234
=138	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.226
=138	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.226
140	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	0.223
141	Somaliland`XSL`Eastern Africa	0.207
142	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.201
143	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	0.196
144	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	0.184
145	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.183
146	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.173
147	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.167
148	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	0.166
149	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	0.163
150	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.153
151	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.144
152	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	0.129
153	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.127
154	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	0.123
155	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.122
156	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.108
157	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.105
=158	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	0.093
=158	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.093
160	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	0.090
161	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	0.073
162	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	0.071
163	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	0.055
=164	Peru`PER`South America	0.052
=164	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.052
166	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.049
167	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	0.046
168	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	0.044
169	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.043
170	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.037
171	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.029
172	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.021
173	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.016
174	North Korea`PRK`Eastern Asia	0.004

02In 1999

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Australia0.990
2Denmark0.988
3Switzerland0.987
4Norway0.984
5New Zealand0.974

Lowest

174North Korea0.004
173Uzbekistan0.016
172Sudan0.021
171Turkmenistan0.029
170Myanmar0.037

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.635. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031998 → 1999

Since 1998

What changed between 1998 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+2 / −0countries joined / left
24values changed, of 172 in both
12 · 12rose · fell
148unchanged

Rose most

Indonesia0.066 → 0.702+0.636
Nigeria0.380 → 0.500+0.120
Niger0.609 → 0.671+0.062
Honduras0.597 → 0.648+0.051
Slovakia0.832 → 0.877+0.045

Fell most

Algeria0.275 → 0.163−0.112
Venezuela0.646 → 0.576−0.070
Pakistan0.412 → 0.364−0.048
Guinea-Bissau0.474 → 0.430−0.044
Armenia0.260 → 0.234−0.026

+ Timor-Leste

+ Kosovo

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1999.
159 distinct values among 174
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 3 countries share 0.952. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The position is ours
V-Dem Institute publishes values only; the order is this site’s.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 174 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
174 rows · 4.7 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download judicial-constraints-1999-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
V-Dem Institute’s own file, on its own site.
V-Dem-CY-Core-v16_csv.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg (1999). Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 1999 [data set], describing 1999. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/judicial-constraints/1999

0636 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 1998
172 countries
The year after ›
Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index, 2000
174 countries
All of them
Judicial Constraints on the Executive Index: every year
36 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions