Data for 2023

Human Development Index, 2023

Name: Human Development Index, 2023
Creator: UNDP Human Development Report Office
License: https://hdr.undp.org/copyright-and-terms-use

2023, as UNDP Human Development Report Office’s 2025 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Human Development Index, 2023 covers 193 countries on 5 measures. Iceland is highest, at 0.972; South Sudan is lowest, at 0.388. The middle country reads 0.762. Against 2022, 181 values changed (170 up, 11 down), 1 country joined.

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Human Development Index · Data for 2023

HighestIceland

0.972

LowestSouth Sudan

0.388

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

193countries
5measures per country
2023the year it describes
159distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 6, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY 3.0 IGOlicence

01UNDP Human Development Report Office’s rank

The table

Every country and every column of Human Development Index, 2023, as published. The rank is UNDP Human Development Report Office’s own, as printed. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 193 countries · select a heading to sort

Human Development Index, 2023: every country, as published by UNDP Human Development Report Office.

1	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.972	82.691	18.851	13.90893	69,117
=2	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.970	83.308	18.793	13.11796	112,710
=2	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.970	83.954	16.668	13.94912	81,949
4	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.962	81.933	18.704	13.02732	76,008
=5	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.959	81.378	17.309	14.29637	64,053
=5	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.959	83.262	18.991	12.74033	66,102
7	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.958	83.923	20.655	12.87000	58,277
=8	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	0.955	85.511	16.896	12.35000	69,436
=8	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.955	82.158	18.585	12.66995	68,344
10	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.951	82.115	18.996	12.68965	63,582
11	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.949	82.412	19.185	11.72500	90,885
12	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.948	81.910	19.494	12.97963	57,068
=13	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.946	83.736	16.742	11.99000	111,239
=13	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.946	81.302	17.811	13.49000	54,372
15	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.940	82.909	15.602	12.99000	71,142
16	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.939	82.630	15.888	13.87000	54,688
=17	Liechtenstein`LIE`Western Europe	0.938	83.630	15.413	12.40996	166,812
=17	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.938	82.088	19.300	12.88300	47,260
=17	United States`USA`Northern America	0.938	79.304	15.923	13.91000	73,650
20	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.937	84.329	16.619	12.72220	49,726
21	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.931	81.603	17.477	12.95120	46,361
22	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.930	81.956	16.284	12.36147	63,479
23	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.925	84.712	15.512	12.68405	47,775
24	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.924	83.299	15.910	12.42070	52,155
25	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.922	82.229	14.358	12.58937	85,461
26	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.920	83.325	16.095	11.76567	55,060
27	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.919	82.408	14.934	13.53459	48,050
28	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.918	83.670	17.830	10.75612	46,008
=29	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.915	79.834	16.794	12.96318	45,889
=29	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.915	83.716	16.714	10.82813	52,389
=29	San Marino`SMR`Southern Europe	0.915	85.706	14.600	11.36000	64,706
=32	Andorra`AND`Southern Europe	0.913	84.041	14.543	11.61000	64,631
=32	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.913	81.648	16.216	12.55737	45,394
34	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.908	81.857	20.846	11.55386	35,761
35	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.906	78.633	16.678	13.20854	42,218
36	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.905	79.153	15.968	13.56217	40,881
37	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.900	78.732	16.949	11.60643	50,299
38	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	0.899	81.284	15.927	11.13000	52,819
39	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.895	76.025	16.455	13.61069	41,916
40	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.890	82.360	17.487	9.70325	41,064
=41	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.889	78.580	16.348	12.09512	41,380
=41	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.889	76.190	16.483	13.40944	37,998
43	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.886	82.368	13.141	10.77000	105,353
44	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	0.880	78.341	14.947	13.10320	36,793
45	Chile`CHL`South America	0.878	81.167	16.912	11.29105	28,047
46	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.870	77.024	15.469	12.33162	37,236
47	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.865	77.395	18.831	11.18458	25,876
=48	Montenegro`MNE`Southern Europe	0.862	77.087	15.537	12.77393	28,026
=48	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.862	78.138	17.484	10.54000	28,650
50	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	0.858	80.031	13.439	11.89000	36,096
51	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.853	77.156	19.831	8.98624	34,507
52	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.852	80.405	15.904	7.56601	56,612
53	Antigua and Barbuda`ATG`Caribbean	0.851	77.598	15.503	11.64750	27,387
54	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	0.848	72.862	18.225	11.19995	29,195
=55	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.845	75.636	15.317	11.45453	32,175
=55	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.845	75.938	14.053	11.55000	39,374
57	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.844	74.496	16.755	12.70000	20,753
58	Saint Kitts and Nevis`KNA`Caribbean	0.840	72.145	18.407	10.84940	29,105
59	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.839	79.594	13.312	10.83375	34,385
=60	Brunei`BRN`South-eastern Asia	0.837	75.327	13.699	9.28200	75,827
=60	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.837	74.402	14.009	12.54717	30,989
=62	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.833	80.799	16.350	8.84475	23,417
=62	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	0.833	76.769	15.042	11.64172	23,115
64	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.832	73.154	13.185	12.41000	39,222
65	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.824	74.434	13.719	12.33537	26,725
66	Bahamas`BHS`Caribbean	0.820	74.552	11.891	12.81442	30,975
67	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.819	76.657	12.676	11.09000	32,553
68	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.815	77.395	14.781	10.23000	22,128
=69	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.811	75.683	14.384	11.34498	20,221
=69	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.811	76.178	16.628	9.92836	17,328
71	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.810	79.602	14.510	10.17531	17,627
72	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.807	73.490	14.238	10.79275	27,000
73	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.806	74.926	14.163	10.10333	27,280
74	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.804	77.850	13.164	10.97000	19,827
75	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.799	77.654	13.968	10.84671	16,096
=76	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines`VCT`Caribbean	0.798	71.230	16.253	11.29535	17,247
=76	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.798	76.412	15.359	9.04000	20,570
78	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.797	77.953	15.479	8.03618	22,029
79	Peru`PER`South America	0.794	77.740	14.909	10.15465	14,339
80	Grenada`GRD`Caribbean	0.791	75.205	16.577	9.44640	14,349
=81	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	0.789	74.429	12.910	11.07000	20,668
=81	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.789	75.069	14.468	9.34951	21,813
83	Colombia`COL`South America	0.788	77.725	14.286	9.03158	18,666
=84	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.786	75.848	15.793	8.42537	18,011
=84	Palau`PLW`Micronesia	0.786	69.269	14.067	13.29903	16,035
86	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.785	71.198	14.639	11.83000	15,867
87	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.779	73.422	13.328	11.12274	16,933
88	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.777	77.392	14.852	8.97000	13,986
=89	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.776	73.720	13.617	9.44453	22,024
=89	Guyana`GUY`South America	0.776	70.180	13.022	8.70243	46,959
=89	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.776	77.483	13.128	10.77000	12,616
92	Tonga`TON`Polynesia	0.769	72.895	17.787	10.91495	7,438
=93	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.766	81.041	12.768	7.41037	19,317
=93	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	0.766	74.588	15.458	8.98000	13,033
95	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.764	70.073	13.241	11.20780	17,716
96	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	0.763	76.261	15.495	7.41639	15,114
97	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	0.762	78.085	13.879	10.63149	8,415
98	Dominica`DMA`Caribbean	0.761	71.132	14.151	10.12509	16,001
99	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.756	73.844	13.987	8.93065	15,252
=100	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.754	71.633	13.127	10.13612	16,218
=100	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.754	77.814	13.109	10.24000	9,222
102	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.752	77.817	11.683	10.37000	11,299
103	Saint Lucia`LCA`Caribbean	0.748	72.697	12.730	8.61417	20,900
104	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.747	71.734	13.638	9.42000	14,787
105	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.746	76.508	14.673	7.59492	12,011
106	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.741	66.139	13.793	11.61000	13,694
107	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.740	72.388	12.461	11.91000	8,826
=108	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.733	68.581	15.611	10.02122	9,445
=108	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	0.733	68.337	12.483	9.68600	18,854
=108	Marshall Islands`MHL`Micronesia	0.733	66.945	16.386	11.63666	7,224
=111	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.731	69.163	11.426	10.47800	16,984
=111	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	0.731	67.316	13.849	10.37097	12,843
113	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.728	71.146	13.336	8.69722	13,700
114	Suriname`SUR`South America	0.722	73.631	10.959	8.42976	17,344
=115	Belize`BLZ`Central America	0.721	73.566	11.984	8.76229	12,343
=115	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	0.721	69.339	12.925	7.77861	19,831
=117	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	0.720	71.479	12.383	9.95991	10,057
=117	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.720	71.677	12.714	12.06589	6,078
=117	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.720	69.833	12.819	9.97724	10,731
120	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.710	75.313	15.075	6.19800	8,653
121	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.709	72.514	12.965	9.67839	7,157
122	Samoa`WSM`Polynesia	0.708	71.698	12.436	11.33298	5,952
123	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.706	74.947	11.510	9.93302	6,881
124	Nauru`NRU`Micronesia	0.703	62.109	12.843	9.44864	19,642
125	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.698	72.975	13.153	5.83579	13,843
=126	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.695	64.123	15.246	8.68520	9,919
=126	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	0.695	72.324	12.359	6.78005	12,654
128	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	0.691	71.790	10.850	11.27095	5,747
129	Tuvalu`TUV`Polynesia	0.689	67.105	12.375	10.76746	7,006
=130	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.685	74.672	12.310	6.79000	8,498
=130	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.685	72.003	12.955	6.88000	9,047
132	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.678	72.099	11.113	7.30000	10,595
=133	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	0.674	63.707	12.491	8.28133	12,762
=133	Palestine`PSE`Western Asia	0.674	65.170	12.998	10.13000	6,547
135	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	0.668	76.059	11.367	6.09004	8,165
136	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.665	67.385	11.785	7.27315	10,917
137	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	0.662	72.602	10.678	5.84730	12,459
138	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	0.649	65.772	12.682	8.32264	5,903
139	Honduras`HND`Central America	0.645	72.884	10.162	7.51023	6,065
140	Kiribati`KIR`Micronesia	0.644	66.473	11.874	9.12858	4,947
141	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	0.637	69.718	12.857	5.98756	5,583
142	Timor-Leste`TLS`South-eastern Asia	0.634	67.689	13.253	6.22658	5,435
=143	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.628	65.498	11.418	7.10721	6,846
=143	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	0.628	63.646	11.474	8.62471	5,608
145	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.622	70.354	13.754	4.50373	4,726
146	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	0.621	71.477	11.812	7.18321	3,404
147	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	0.617	68.964	9.605	6.06025	8,106
148	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	0.616	64.617	12.168	5.95617	6,631
149	Micronesia`FSM`Micronesia	0.615	67.198	11.540	7.33252	4,246
150	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.609	66.889	11.505	6.38000	4,919
151	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.606	70.668	11.198	5.19710	4,931
152	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	0.603	66.777	13.294	6.00684	3,481
153	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.598	62.775	11.057	8.93085	3,511
154	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.595	66.349	11.021	7.39741	3,447
155	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.588	63.700	10.792	6.57418	4,746
156	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	0.584	70.528	11.313	5.87968	2,777
=157	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.582	61.944	11.411	4.87000	6,735
=157	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.582	68.252	11.564	6.32366	2,736
159	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	0.578	67.785	12.590	4.88000	2,971
160	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.576	66.134	11.511	4.96253	3,971
161	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	0.571	62.739	13.096	5.86111	2,856
162	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.564	72.120	7.419	5.93552	3,918
163	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.563	68.484	7.950	4.85203	6,267
164	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	0.560	54.462	10.514	7.58597	5,569
165	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.555	66.995	8.586	6.06535	3,515
166	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	0.554	64.936	10.896	5.38230	2,935
167	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.550	57.375	10.987	7.72988	3,029
168	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.544	67.649	7.895	4.31699	5,501
169	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	0.530	68.683	9.143	2.93455	4,202
170	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.524	65.860	8.978	4.67473	2,812
171	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.522	61.895	10.911	7.37856	1,431
172	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.517	67.353	9.903	5.24374	1,634
173	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.515	60.774	10.446	3.19420	3,806
174	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	0.514	64.085	10.635	3.67304	2,403
175	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	0.513	65.987	6.207	3.95042	6,368
176	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.511	66.331	8.620	3.96200	2,810
177	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.510	62.163	10.466	6.16989	1,538
178	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	0.503	68.624	7.337	5.09136	2,029
179	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	0.500	60.740	10.393	2.48634	3,494
180	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.497	67.315	9.218	2.40254	2,796
181	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	0.496	66.035	10.790	2.51479	1,972
182	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.493	63.611	10.848	4.59049	1,356
183	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	0.487	63.632	9.063	4.59252	1,656
184	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	0.470	69.295	7.495	5.48415	1,018
185	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	0.467	61.786	9.064	3.53530	1,714
186	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.459	61.092	8.733	2.26655	2,391
187	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.439	63.651	9.829	3.47394	859
=188	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	0.419	60.439	7.011	1.63000	2,342
=188	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.419	61.183	8.309	1.41229	1,590
190	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.416	55.069	8.348	2.33498	1,748
191	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	0.414	57.408	7.436	3.98943	1,100
192	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	0.404	58.816	7.486	1.90000	1,475
193	South Sudan`SSD`Eastern Africa	0.388	57.617	5.635	5.73000	688

02In 2023

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline, then the highest and lowest on each other measure.

Highest

#1Iceland0.972
#2Switzerlandshared0.970
#2Norwayshared0.970
#4Denmark0.962
#5Germanyshared0.959

Lowest

#193South Sudan0.388
#192Somalia0.404
#191Central African Republic0.414
#190Chad0.416
#188Nigershared0.419

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.762. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

Each measure’s ends

Life Expectancy at Birth (years)
HighestSan Marino85.706
LowestNigeria54.462
Middle country: 73.490
Expected Years of Schooling
HighestGreece20.846
LowestSouth Sudan5.635
Middle country: 13.336
Mean Years of Schooling
HighestGermany14.29637
LowestNiger1.41229
Middle country: 9.93302
GNI per Capita (2021 PPP $)
HighestLiechtenstein166,812
LowestSouth Sudan688
Middle country: 15,867

032022 → 2023

Since 2022

What changed between 2022 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+1 / −0countries joined / left
181values changed, of 192 in both
170 · 11rose · fell
11unchanged

Rose most

Andorra0.893 → 0.913+0.020
Somalia0.385 → 0.404+0.019
United Arab Emirates0.921 → 0.940+0.019
Côte d’Ivoire0.565 → 0.582+0.017
Nepal0.605 → 0.622+0.017

Fell most

Palestine0.733 → 0.674−0.059
Libya0.741 → 0.721−0.020
Syria0.571 → 0.564−0.007
Sudan0.516 → 0.511−0.005
Bahrain0.902 → 0.899−0.003

+ Central African Republic

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2025 release
Every year in this series comes from UNDP Human Development Report Office’s 2025 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 2023.
159 distinct values among 193
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 3 countries share 0.938. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The rank is UNDP Human Development Report Office’s
Printed as the publisher ranked the countries; never re-ranked here.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 193 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
193 rows · 14 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download human-development-index-2023-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
UNDP Human Development Report Office’s own file, on its own site.
HDR25_Composite_indices_complete_time_series.csv

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY 3.0 IGO · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

UNDP Human Development Report Office (2023). Human Development Index, 2023 [data set], describing 2023. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/human-development-index/2023

0634 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Human Development Index, 2022
192 countries
The year after ›
This is the newest year. A newer one will get its own page at its own address; this one is never rewritten.
All of them
Human Development Index: every year
34 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions