Dataset · UNDP Human Development Report Office
Human Development Index
34 years, 1990–2023 · 193 countries · 5 measures
The Human Development Index rates a country on more than its income — life expectancy, years of schooling and income per person, folded into a single score from 0 to 1. UNDP has published it since 1990, and it is still the most widely cited development measure in the world.
This site holds every year from 1990 to 2023, read from UNDP Human Development Report Office’s own data and stored exactly as published.
Human Development Index · the file
- Newest
- Human Development Index, 2023
- Held
- 34 years · 5,940 rows
- Licence
- CC BY 3.0 IGO
0134 years
Every year
Every year comes from UNDP Human Development Report Office’s 2025 release, recalculated on one method. Each opens the full table for that year; each downloads as a CSV.
| Year | Countries | Change | Read | Download |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Development Index, 2023Newest | 193 | +1 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2022 | 192 | +1 −1 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2021 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2020 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2019 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2018 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2017 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2016 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2015 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2014 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2013 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
| Human Development Index, 2012 | 192 | ±0 | September 6, 2026 | CSV |
Show all 34 years
Every year in one file, one row per country per year: human-development-index-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv
028 columns
What’s in the file
Every column, what it holds, how it is stored and what its values look like — what a reader needs before opening the file.
HDI Scoreis built fromLife Expectancy at Birth (years)Expected Years of SchoolingMean Years of SchoolingGNI per Capita (2021 PPP $)
| Column | What it holds | Stored as | Range, 2023 | Distinct | Empty | Spread |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Global Rankglobal_rankPublisher’s rank | UNDP Human Development Report Office’s own rank, exactly as printed. | Number · whole numbers | 1 | 159 | 0 | |
CountrycountryName | The country’s name, as this file spells it. | Text | — | 193 | 0 | |
ISO Codecountry_codeIdentifier | The ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code, added by this site. Every table here joins on it. | Text · 3 letters | — | 193 | 0 | |
HDI Scorehdi_scoreHeadline | The headline figure: HDI score (0–1). | Number · up to 3 decimals | 0.388 | 159 | 0 | |
Life Expectancy at Birth (years)life_expectancyPart of the headline | Years a newborn could expect to live if the death rates at the time of its birth held throughout its life. | Number · up to 3 decimals | 54.462 | 192 | 0 | |
Expected Years of Schoolingexpected_years_schoolingPart of the headline | Years of schooling a child starting school can expect to receive if current enrolment rates hold. | Number · up to 9 decimals | 5.635 | 193 | 0 | |
Mean Years of Schoolingmean_years_schoolingPart of the headline | Average years of education completed by people aged 25 and older. | Number · up to 9 decimals | 1.41229 | 191 | 0 | |
GNI per Capita (2021 PPP $)gni_per_capitaPart of the headline | Gross national income per person, in 2021 PPP dollars so that living standards can be compared across countries. | Number · up to 7 decimals | 688 | 193 | 0 |
Profiled from the newest file. Range: the lowest and highest value, with the country holding it when only one does. Spread: countries in ten equal steps from lowest to highest. A higher value is the better result.
03193 countries across every year
Who is covered
How many countries each year holds, continent by continent, who joined and who left, and which places this site covers that the dataset never has.
| 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 54 |
| Americas | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 |
| Asia | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 |
| Europe | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 |
| Oceania | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| All | 192 | 192 | 192 | 192 | 192 | 192 | 192 | 192 | 192 | 192 | 192 | 193 |
The newest 12 of 34 years.
Who joined and who left
- 2023
+ Central African Republic
- 2022
+ Somalia
− Central African Republic
- 2011
+ Marshall Islands
- 2010
+ Bhutan
+ Central African Republic
+ South Sudan
+ Seychelles
- 2009
− Central African Republic
- 2008
+ Sudan
- 2007
+ Antigua and Barbuda
- 2005
+ Burkina Faso
+ Eritrea
+ Guinea-Bissau
+ Kiribati
+ Saint Kitts and Nevis
+ Lebanon
+ Moldova
+ Nauru
+ São Tomé and Príncipe
+ Turkmenistan
+ Vanuatu
Not in this dataset · 32 places this site covers
UNDP Human Development Report Office gives no figure for these in any year held here. It is the publisher’s choice of scope, and each place’s profile shows what is measured.
04Provenance
Where it comes from
The path from the publisher to this page, and what was checked and changed on the way.
1 · Publisher
UNDP Human Development Report Office
2 · Their file
Human Development Index 2023
3 · Read by this site
September 6, 2026
Imported by a script that parses each figure and writes it down unrounded.4 · Stored as
34 files, one per year
Each downloads as a CSV, or every year together as human-development-index-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv5 · Used on
Its statistic page, and every profile it measures
/statistics/human-development-indexA key for Development & Human Capital in the Country Index.
Precision
The headline is stored to 3 decimals, as published.
Rounded by this site
Never. Tables on screen may show fewer decimals; the files never do.
Changed by this site
Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.
Imported from the 2025 Human Development Report’s composite-indices time series, one file covering every year at once. These are that report’s restatement of history, not what earlier reports printed at the time.
05Reuse
Licence and credit
What the publisher’s licence lets you do, what it asks of you, and a credit line and citation ready to copy.
Licence · checked August 29, 2026
- Share and redistribute it
- Adapt it and build on it
- Use it commercially
- Credit the publisher
- Say what you changed
The version of CC BY written for intergovernmental organisations. Credit the publisher and say what you changed.
A credit line
Source: UNDP Human Development Report Office, Human Development Index, via Nations Inquiry.
Cite this dataset
UNDP Human Development Report Office. Human Development Index, 1990–2023 [data set]. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/human-development-index
The publisher’s own citation: UNDP (United Nations Development Programme). Human Development Report. New York: UNDP.
Plain-language summary, not legal advice. The licence text is what binds.
06Questions
Human Development Index: questions and answers
What is the Human Development Index?
The Human Development Index rates a country on more than its income — life expectancy, years of schooling and income per person, folded into a single score from 0 to 1. UNDP has published it since 1990, and it is still the most widely cited development measure in the world.
Which years of the Human Development Index can I download?
All 34, from 1990 to 2023, each as a CSV file, or every year together in one CSV.
Does UNDP Human Development Report Office rank countries on it?
Yes. The rank in these files is UNDP Human Development Report Office’s own, exactly as printed.
Can I use it commercially?
Yes, under CC BY 3.0 IGO, with credit to UNDP Human Development Report Office. The licence text is linked on this page.