Data for 2017

State Fiscal Source of Revenue, 2017

Name: State Fiscal Source of Revenue, 2017
Creator: V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg
License: https://v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/

2017, as V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

V-Dem's measure of a state's fiscal source of revenue asks what the central government mainly lives on: nothing it can raise itself, loans and foreign aid, natural-resource rents and state assets, taxes on property and trade, or broad taxes on sales, incomes and profits. It is an expert-coded estimate on an open-ended scale centred near zero, and a higher figure means reliance on broader taxation — the end V-Dem treats as greater fiscal capacity.

State Fiscal Source of Revenue, 2017 covers 176 countries. Sweden is highest, at 3.135; Yemen is lowest, at -1.935. The middle country reads 0.997. Against 2016, 16 values changed (12 up, 4 down), the same countries are covered.

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State Fiscal Source of Revenue · Data for 2017

HighestSweden

3.135

LowestYemen

-1.935

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

176countries
1measure
2017the year it describes
174distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 29, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY-SA 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of State Fiscal Source of Revenue, 2017, as published. V-Dem Institute ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 176 countries · select a heading to sort

State Fiscal Source of Revenue, 2017: every country, as published by V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg.
derived
1	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	3.135
2	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	3.026
3	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	2.994
4	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	2.914
5	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	2.881
6	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	2.879
7	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	2.844
8	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	2.826
9	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	2.750
10	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	2.737
11	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	2.726
12	Canada`CAN`Northern America	2.724
13	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	2.723
14	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	2.720
15	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	2.695
16	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	2.694
17	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	2.667
18	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	2.662
19	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	2.656
20	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	2.644
21	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	2.629
22	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	2.626
23	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	2.624
24	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	2.605
25	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	2.601
26	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	2.598
27	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	2.591
28	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	2.583
29	France`FRA`Western Europe	2.574
30	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	2.527
31	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	2.518
32	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	2.514
33	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	2.503
34	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	2.457
35	Chile`CHL`South America	2.430
36	India`IND`Southern Asia	2.379
37	United States`USA`Northern America	2.377
38	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	2.365
39	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	2.351
40	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	2.346
41	Uruguay`URY`South America	2.336
42	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	2.330
43	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	2.272
44	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	2.260
45	Argentina`ARG`South America	2.221
46	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	2.185
47	Colombia`COL`South America	2.122
48	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	2.091
49	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	2.003
50	Mexico`MEX`Central America	1.985
51	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	1.926
52	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	1.910
53	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	1.863
54	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	1.846
55	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	1.820
56	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	1.816
57	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	1.793
58	Brazil`BRA`South America	1.777
59	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	1.773
60	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	1.751
61	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	1.717
62	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	1.682
63	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	1.655
64	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	1.643
65	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	1.636
66	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	1.606
67	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	1.556
68	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	1.472
69	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	1.469
70	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	1.464
71	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	1.436
72	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	1.427
73	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	1.361
74	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	1.321
75	Peru`PER`South America	1.320
76	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	1.198
77	Montenegro`MNE`Southern Europe	1.192
78	Honduras`HND`Central America	1.186
79	Guyana`GUY`South America	1.184
80	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	1.183
=81	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	1.143
=81	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	1.143
83	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	1.127
84	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	1.111
85	Somaliland`XSL`Eastern Africa	1.108
86	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	1.102
87	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	1.055
88	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	1.025
89	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.969
90	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.941
91	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.934
92	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.919
93	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.891
94	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.876
95	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.822
96	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.797
97	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.777
98	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.763
99	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.761
100	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.760
101	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.758
102	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.757
103	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.749
104	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.733
105	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.719
106	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.717
107	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.705
108	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.680
109	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.656
110	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.623
111	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.591
112	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.565
113	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.469
114	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.413
115	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.401
116	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.377
117	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.344
118	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.261
119	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.243
120	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.236
121	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.212
122	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.170
123	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.158
124	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.156
125	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.138
126	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.136
127	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.031
128	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.015
129	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	-0.011
130	North Korea`PRK`Eastern Asia	-0.012
131	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	-0.032
=132	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	-0.044
=132	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	-0.044
134	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	-0.060
135	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	-0.070
136	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	-0.092
137	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	-0.103
138	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	-0.112
139	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	-0.118
140	Venezuela`VEN`South America	-0.120
141	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	-0.149
142	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	-0.154
143	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	-0.165
144	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	-0.178
145	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	-0.203
146	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	-0.221
147	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	-0.248
148	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	-0.256
149	Timor-Leste`TLS`South-eastern Asia	-0.258
150	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	-0.313
151	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	-0.330
152	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	-0.341
153	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	-0.415
154	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	-0.447
155	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	-0.455
156	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	-0.463
157	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	-0.482
158	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	-0.484
159	Kosovo`XKX`Southern Europe	-0.530
160	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	-0.532
161	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	-0.600
162	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	-0.679
163	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	-0.702
164	South Sudan`SSD`Eastern Africa	-0.728
165	Suriname`SUR`South America	-0.742
166	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	-0.766
167	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	-0.878
168	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	-0.881
169	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	-0.992
170	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	-1.032
171	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	-1.116
172	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	-1.473
173	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	-1.653
174	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	-1.794
175	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	-1.886
176	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	-1.935

02In 2017

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Sweden3.135
2Spain3.026
3Portugal2.994
4Switzerland2.914
5Norway2.881

Lowest

176Yemen-1.935
175Syria-1.886
174Comoros-1.794
173Somalia-1.653
172Central African Republic-1.473

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.997. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

032016 → 2017

Since 2016

+0 / −0countries joined / left
16values changed, of 176 in both
12 · 4rose · fell
160unchanged

Rose most

France1.675 → 2.574+0.899
Togo1.315 → 1.910+0.595
Czechia2.076 → 2.518+0.442
Latvia2.349 → 2.694+0.345
Gambia-0.266 → 0.031+0.297

Fell most

Romania1.937 → 1.464−0.473
Philippines2.284 → 2.003−0.281
Laos1.222 → 1.143−0.079
Oman-0.015 → -0.060−0.045

04Caveats

Read before you use

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method, so a change from one year to the next is not a revision. It can differ from what was first published for 2017.
174 distinct values among 176
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 2 countries share 1.143. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 176 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
176 rows · 4.8 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download fiscal-source-of-revenue-2017-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
V-Dem Institute’s own file, on its own site.
V-Dem-CY-FullOthers-v16_csv.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped to one row per country, with its ISO code; no value recalculated, rescaled or rounded. In full

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg (2017). State Fiscal Source of Revenue, 2017 [data set], describing 2017. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/fiscal-source-of-revenue/2017

0636 held

Other years

‹ The year before
State Fiscal Source of Revenue, 2016
176 countries
The year after ›
State Fiscal Source of Revenue, 2018
176 countries
All of them
State Fiscal Source of Revenue: every year
36 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
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