Data for 1990

Deliberative Democracy Index, 1990

1990, as V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Deliberative Democracy Index, 1990 covers 167 countries. Sweden is highest, at 0.887; Iraq is lowest, at 0.009. The middle country reads 0.225.

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Deliberative Democracy Index · Data for 1990

HighestSweden

0.887

LowestIraq

0.009

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end. A higher value is the better result.

167countries
1measure
1990the year it describes
148distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 26, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY-SA 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Deliberative Democracy Index, 1990, as published. V-Dem Institute ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 167 countries · select a heading to sort

Deliberative Democracy Index, 1990: every country, as published by V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg.
derived
1	SwedenSWENorthern Europe	0.887
2	DenmarkDNKNorthern Europe	0.864
3	GermanyDEUWestern Europe	0.862
4	NorwayNORNorthern Europe	0.852
5	SwitzerlandCHEWestern Europe	0.850
6	Costa RicaCRICentral America	0.830
7	FinlandFINNorthern Europe	0.816
8	SpainESPSouthern Europe	0.812
9	AustraliaAUSAustralia and New Zealand	0.811
10	NetherlandsNLDWestern Europe	0.799
11	LuxembourgLUXWestern Europe	0.796
12	FranceFRAWestern Europe	0.787
13	United StatesUSANorthern America	0.782
14	BelgiumBELWestern Europe	0.777
=15	AustriaAUTWestern Europe	0.762
=15	UruguayURYSouth America	0.762
17	ItalyITASouthern Europe	0.759
18	PortugalPRTSouthern Europe	0.752
19	GreeceGRCSouthern Europe	0.749
20	CanadaCANNorthern America	0.748
21	IcelandISLNorthern Europe	0.735
=22	ArgentinaARGSouth America	0.734
=22	JapanJPNEastern Asia	0.734
24	CzechiaCZEEastern Europe	0.704
25	United KingdomGBRNorthern Europe	0.691
26	EstoniaESTNorthern Europe	0.690
27	IrelandIRLNorthern Europe	0.688
28	LithuaniaLTUNorthern Europe	0.682
29	MauritiusMUSEastern Africa	0.658
30	New ZealandNZLAustralia and New Zealand	0.654
31	HungaryHUNEastern Europe	0.638
=32	CyprusCYPWestern Asia	0.629
=32	VenezuelaVENSouth America	0.629
34	PolandPOLEastern Europe	0.622
35	IndiaINDSouthern Asia	0.621
36	IsraelISRWestern Asia	0.619
37	ChileCHLSouth America	0.612
38	BrazilBRASouth America	0.604
39	MaltaMLTSouthern Europe	0.603
40	BotswanaBWASouthern Africa	0.569
41	SurinameSURSouth America	0.568
42	Trinidad and TobagoTTOCaribbean	0.564
43	NicaraguaNICCentral America	0.535
44	VanuatuVUTMelanesia	0.529
45	BulgariaBGREastern Europe	0.518
46	South KoreaKOREastern Asia	0.503
47	BarbadosBRBCaribbean	0.498
48	BoliviaBOLSouth America	0.495
49	PhilippinesPHLSouth-eastern Asia	0.492
50	SloveniaSVNSouthern Europe	0.458
51	JamaicaJAMCaribbean	0.456
52	NamibiaNAMSouthern Africa	0.454
53	EcuadorECUSouth America	0.444
54	LatviaLVANorthern Europe	0.443
55	SenegalSENWestern Africa	0.423
56	PeruPERSouth America	0.415
57	PanamaPANCentral America	0.397
58	ArmeniaARMWestern Asia	0.388
59	TürkiyeTURWestern Asia	0.381
60	ColombiaCOLSouth America	0.367
61	Papua New GuineaPNGMelanesia	0.339
62	Solomon IslandsSLBMelanesia	0.316
63	RomaniaROUEastern Europe	0.315
64	SingaporeSGPSouth-eastern Asia	0.302
65	AlgeriaDZANorthern Africa	0.300
66	ThailandTHASouth-eastern Asia	0.297
67	BeninBENWestern Africa	0.293
68	MoldovaMDAEastern Europe	0.283
69	Hong KongHKGEastern Asia	0.276
70	MongoliaMNGEastern Asia	0.275
71	MexicoMEXCentral America	0.267
72	Cabo VerdeCPVWestern Africa	0.263
73	ComorosCOMEastern Africa	0.262
=74	TaiwanTWNEastern Asia	0.261
=74	ZimbabweZWEEastern Africa	0.261
=76	BelarusBLREastern Europe	0.258
=76	Sri LankaLKASouthern Asia	0.258
78	Dominican RepublicDOMCaribbean	0.255
79	HondurasHNDCentral America	0.253
80	RussiaRUSEastern Europe	0.248
=81	GambiaGMBWestern Africa	0.244
=81	TanzaniaTZAEastern Africa	0.244
83	South AfricaZAFSouthern Africa	0.231
84	UgandaUGAEastern Africa	0.225
85	GuatemalaGTMCentral America	0.221
86	LebanonLBNWestern Asia	0.217
87	ParaguayPRYSouth America	0.205
88	São Tomé and PríncipeSTPMiddle Africa	0.198
=89	NigerNERWestern Africa	0.196
=89	Republic of the CongoCOGMiddle Africa	0.196
=91	GabonGABMiddle Africa	0.191
=91	JordanJORWestern Asia	0.191
93	BurundiBDIEastern Africa	0.190
94	KenyaKENEastern Africa	0.186
=95	IranIRNSouthern Asia	0.182
=95	PakistanPAKSouthern Asia	0.182
97	MalaysiaMYSSouth-eastern Asia	0.175
=98	KazakhstanKAZCentral Asia	0.173
=98	UkraineUKREastern Europe	0.173
100	KuwaitKWTWestern Asia	0.171
101	VietnamVNMSouth-eastern Asia	0.169
102	TunisiaTUNNorthern Africa	0.166
103	EgyptEGYNorthern Africa	0.165
104	Burkina FasoBFAWestern Africa	0.162
105	ZambiaZMBEastern Africa	0.153
106	YemenYEMWestern Asia	0.150
107	NepalNPLSouthern Asia	0.143
108	HaitiHTICaribbean	0.140
109	BhutanBTNSouthern Asia	0.138
110	GuyanaGUYSouth America	0.136
111	MaliMLIWestern Africa	0.134
112	AzerbaijanAZEWestern Asia	0.131
113	Sierra LeoneSLEWestern Africa	0.124
114	SerbiaSRBSouthern Europe	0.119
115	BangladeshBGDSouthern Asia	0.118
116	United Arab EmiratesAREWestern Asia	0.117
=117	Côte d’IvoireCIVWestern Africa	0.116
=117	RwandaRWAEastern Africa	0.116
119	SeychellesSYCEastern Africa	0.114
120	TajikistanTJKCentral Asia	0.113
121	MoroccoMARNorthern Africa	0.112
122	IndonesiaIDNSouth-eastern Asia	0.108
123	ChinaCHNEastern Asia	0.107
124	Central African RepublicCAFMiddle Africa	0.097
125	UzbekistanUZBCentral Asia	0.095
126	LiberiaLBRWestern Africa	0.092
127	AlbaniaALBSouthern Europe	0.091
128	El SalvadorSLVCentral America	0.088
129	MadagascarMDGEastern Africa	0.087
130	KyrgyzstanKGZCentral Asia	0.084
131	CameroonCMRMiddle Africa	0.082
132	FijiFJIMelanesia	0.081
133	GeorgiaGEOWestern Asia	0.079
134	LesothoLSOSouthern Africa	0.077
135	NigeriaNGAWestern Africa	0.075
136	GhanaGHAWestern Africa	0.069
137	MozambiqueMOZEastern Africa	0.066
138	DR CongoCODMiddle Africa	0.061
139	Equatorial GuineaGNQMiddle Africa	0.057
140	GuineaGINWestern Africa	0.055
141	CubaCUBCaribbean	0.051
=142	DjiboutiDJIEastern Africa	0.047
=142	MalawiMWIEastern Africa	0.047
=142	TogoTGOWestern Africa	0.047
145	EswatiniSWZSouthern Africa	0.046
146	Guinea-BissauGNBWestern Africa	0.044
147	EthiopiaETHEastern Africa	0.039
148	AfghanistanAFGSouthern Asia	0.035
149	SudanSDNNorthern Africa	0.034
=150	LaosLAOSouth-eastern Asia	0.031
=150	MaldivesMDVSouthern Asia	0.031
152	Saudi ArabiaSAUWestern Asia	0.030
153	ChadTCDMiddle Africa	0.028
=154	CambodiaKHMSouth-eastern Asia	0.027
=154	MyanmarMMRSouth-eastern Asia	0.027
=154	QatarQATWestern Asia	0.027
=154	SomaliaSOMEastern Africa	0.027
158	MauritaniaMRTWestern Africa	0.024
=159	AngolaAGOMiddle Africa	0.023
=159	EritreaERIEastern Africa	0.023
=159	LibyaLBYNorthern Africa	0.023
162	BahrainBHRWestern Asia	0.022
163	SyriaSYRWestern Asia	0.021
164	OmanOMNWestern Asia	0.017
165	North KoreaPRKEastern Asia	0.014
166	Timor-LesteTLSSouth-eastern Asia	0.010
167	IraqIRQWestern Asia	0.009

02In 1990

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Sweden0.887
2Denmark0.864
3Germany0.862
4Norway0.852
5Switzerland0.850

Lowest

167Iraq0.009
166Timor-Leste0.010
165North Korea0.014
164Oman0.017
163Syria0.021

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.225. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

03Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

The site’s method

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1990.
148 distinct values among 167
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 4 countries share 0.027. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The position is ours
V-Dem Institute publishes values only. The order here sorts the published values, and the page says so wherever it prints one.
Which end is better
A higher value is the better result.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 167 countries has every column.

04The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
167 rows · 4.5 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download deliberative-democracy-1990-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
V-Dem Institute’s own file, on its own site.
V-Dem-CY-Core-v16_csv.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0. Share, adapt and use commercially with credit — and anything you publish that adapts it must carry the same licence.

Cite this edition

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg (1990). Deliberative Democracy Index, 1990 [data set], describing 1990. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/deliberative-democracy/1990

0536 held

Other years

‹ The year before
This is the first year held here.
The year after ›
Deliberative Democracy Index, 1991
171 countries
All of them
Deliberative Democracy Index: every year
36 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

06Questions