Data for 1998

Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN), 1998

Name: Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN), 1998
Creator: Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame
License: https://gain-new.crc.nd.edu/about/download

1998, as ND-GAIN’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN), 1998 covers 190 countries. Somalia is highest, at 0.67825; United Kingdom is lowest, at 0.26831. The middle country reads 0.47873. Against 1997, 190 values changed (53 up, 137 down), the same countries are covered.

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Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN) · Data for 1998

HighestSomalia

0.67825

LowestUnited Kingdom

0.26831

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the lowest end.

190countries
1measure
1998the year it describes
190distinct values15 decimals, as published
Sep 26, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY 3.0licence

01ND-GAIN’s rank

The table

Every country and every column of Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN), 1998, as published. The rank is ND-GAIN’s own, as printed. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 190 countries · select a heading to sort

Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN), 1998: every country, as published by Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame.

1	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.26831
2	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.27288
3	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.30789
4	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.30993
5	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.31370
6	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.31470
7	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.31568
8	United States`USA`Northern America	0.32102
9	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.32289
=10	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.32545
=10	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.32482
12	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.33236
=13	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.33381
=13	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.33444
15	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.33516
16	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.33757
17	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.34236
18	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.34334
19	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.34850
20	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.35118
21	Saint Lucia`LCA`Caribbean	0.35707
22	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.35770
=23	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.37020
=23	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.36968
25	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.37544
=26	Chile`CHL`South America	0.37972
=26	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.37976
=28	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.38457
=28	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.38533
30	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.38617
31	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.38942
=32	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.39169
=32	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	0.39192
34	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.39346
35	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.39428
36	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.39994
=37	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.40102
=37	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.40088
39	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.40218
40	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.40367
41	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.40509
=42	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.40942
=42	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.40916
=44	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.41039
=44	Monaco`MCO`Western Europe	0.41000
46	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.41109
47	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.41196
48	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.41384
49	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.41452
50	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.41554
51	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.41719
=52	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.41771
=52	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.41781
=54	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.41926
=54	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.41947
56	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.42352
=57	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.42616
=57	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.42614
=59	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	0.42773
=59	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.42832
=61	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.43029
=61	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.43022
=63	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.43168
=63	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.43214
65	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.43405
66	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines`VCT`Caribbean	0.43502
67	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.43670
68	Grenada`GRD`Caribbean	0.43866
69	Andorra`AND`Southern Europe	0.44337
70	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.44374
71	Colombia`COL`South America	0.44592
72	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.44706
73	Suriname`SUR`South America	0.45036
74	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.45106
75	Brunei`BRN`South-eastern Asia	0.45206
=76	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.45335
=76	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.45331
78	Montenegro`MNE`Southern Europe	0.45358
79	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.45821
80	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.46025
81	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.46074
=82	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	0.46157
=82	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.46164
=84	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	0.46506
=84	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.46545
=84	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.46529
87	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	0.46599
88	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.46797
=89	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	0.47031
=89	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	0.47009
91	Dominica`DMA`Caribbean	0.47144
=92	Peru`PER`South America	0.47178
=92	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	0.47202
94	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.47394
95	Honduras`HND`Central America	0.47766
96	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.47980
=97	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	0.48134
=97	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.48112
99	Bahamas`BHS`Caribbean	0.48303
=100	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	0.48583
=100	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	0.48598
102	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.48858
=103	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.49007
=103	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	0.49021
=105	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.49082
=105	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	0.49109
=107	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.49191
=107	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.49206
=109	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.49831
=109	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.49772
111	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.49932
112	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.50116
113	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.50245
=114	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	0.50397
=114	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.50445
116	Nauru`NRU`Micronesia	0.50547
117	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.50613
118	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	0.50732
=119	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	0.51085
=119	Saint Kitts and Nevis`KNA`Caribbean	0.51059
121	Palau`PLW`Micronesia	0.51207
=122	Antigua and Barbuda`ATG`Caribbean	0.51271
=122	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.51327
124	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.51353
125	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.51516
126	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	0.51640
127	Belize`BLZ`Central America	0.51821
128	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	0.51984
129	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.52171
130	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	0.52325
131	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	0.52397
132	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.52722
133	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.52809
134	Guyana`GUY`South America	0.52924
135	Samoa`WSM`Polynesia	0.53138
=136	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.53565
=136	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	0.53628
138	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.53928
139	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	0.53968
140	Marshall Islands`MHL`Micronesia	0.54305
141	North Korea`PRK`Eastern Asia	0.54364
=142	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.54679
=142	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.54735
=144	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.54795
=144	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.54750
146	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	0.54884
147	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.55083
=148	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	0.55529
=148	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	0.55518
=148	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	0.55506
151	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	0.55640
152	Tuvalu`TUV`Polynesia	0.55766
153	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.55861
154	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.56372
155	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.56539
156	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	0.56730
157	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.56777
=158	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.56987
=158	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	0.57043
=158	Timor-Leste`TLS`South-eastern Asia	0.57001
161	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.57577
162	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.57781
163	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.57850
164	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	0.57964
165	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	0.58275
166	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	0.58357
167	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.58649
168	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.59032
169	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.59158
170	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.59260
171	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.59707
172	Tonga`TON`Polynesia	0.59758
173	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.60066
174	Kiribati`KIR`Micronesia	0.60193
175	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.60846
176	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	0.60876
177	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	0.61076
178	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	0.61186
179	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.61535
=180	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	0.62225
=180	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	0.62244
182	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	0.62680
183	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.62813
184	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.64583
185	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	0.64676
186	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.64958
187	Micronesia`FSM`Micronesia	0.65164
188	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	0.65694
189	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	0.67077
190	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	0.67825

02In 1998

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

#190Somalia0.67825
#189Guinea-Bissau0.67077
#188Rwanda0.65694
#187Micronesia0.65164
#186Mauritania0.64958

Lowest

#1United Kingdom0.26831
#2Norway0.27288
#3Czechia0.30789
#4New Zealand0.30993
#5Finland0.31370

A higher value is the worse result. The middle country reads 0.47873. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031997 → 1998

Since 1997

What changed between 1997 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+0 / −0countries joined / left
190values changed, of 190 in both
53 · 137rose · fell
0unchanged

Rose most

Estonia0.38329 → 0.39346+0.01017
Kiribati0.59573 → 0.60193+0.00620
Mauritius0.49246 → 0.49772+0.00525
Ghana0.52200 → 0.52722+0.00523
Ecuador0.50175 → 0.50613+0.00438

Fell most

Suriname0.46041 → 0.45036−0.01005
Bangladesh0.59988 → 0.59032−0.00956
Saint Lucia0.36661 → 0.35707−0.00954
Turkmenistan0.46264 → 0.45331−0.00933
Georgia0.44241 → 0.43405−0.00836

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from ND-GAIN’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1998.
The rank is ND-GAIN’s
Printed as the publisher ranked the countries; never re-ranked here.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 190 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
190 rows · 8.0 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download climate-vulnerability-1998-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
ND-GAIN’s own file, on its own site.
resources-2026-14-07-13h00.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY 3.0 Unported · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN), University of Notre Dame (1998). Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN), 1998 [data set], describing 1998. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/climate-vulnerability/1998

0630 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN), 1997
190 countries
The year after ›
Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN), 1999
190 countries
All of them
Climate Vulnerability (ND-GAIN): every year
30 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions