Data for 1993

Liberal Democracy Index, 1993

Name: Liberal Democracy Index, 1993
Creator: V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg
License: https://v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/

1993, as V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Liberal Democracy Index, 1993 covers 171 countries. Denmark is highest, at 0.881; North Korea is lowest, at 0.014. The middle country reads 0.296. Against 1992, 132 values changed (93 up, 39 down), 1 country joined.

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Liberal Democracy Index · Data for 1993

HighestDenmark

0.881

LowestNorth Korea

0.014

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

171countries
1measure
1993the year it describes
155distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 26, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY-SA 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Liberal Democracy Index, 1993, as published. V-Dem Institute ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 171 countries · select a heading to sort

Liberal Democracy Index, 1993: every country, as published by V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg.
derived
1	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.881
2	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.877
3	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.853
4	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.849
5	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.846
6	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.841
7	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.834
8	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.831
9	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.819
10	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.818
=11	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.814
=11	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.814
13	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.809
=14	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.808
=14	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.808
16	United States`USA`Northern America	0.805
17	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.803
18	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.798
19	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.790
20	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.788
21	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.785
22	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.782
23	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.776
24	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.762
25	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.761
26	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.757
27	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.755
28	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.752
29	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.749
30	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.747
31	Chile`CHL`South America	0.746
32	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.741
33	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.704
34	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.683
35	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.646
36	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.644
=37	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	0.635
=37	Suriname`SUR`South America	0.635
39	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.633
40	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.630
41	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.629
42	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	0.628
43	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.619
44	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.614
45	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.607
46	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.593
47	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.586
48	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.577
49	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.576
50	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.569
51	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.522
52	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	0.512
53	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	0.501
54	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.491
55	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.490
56	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.482
57	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	0.473
58	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.469
59	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.456
60	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	0.448
61	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.440
62	Colombia`COL`South America	0.427
63	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	0.426
=64	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.413
=64	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	0.413
66	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.406
67	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.399
68	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	0.395
69	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.392
70	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.368
71	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.367
72	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.364
73	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.360
74	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.355
75	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.349
76	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.336
77	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.334
78	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.327
79	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.326
80	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.321
=81	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.318
=81	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	0.318
83	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.303
84	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	0.301
85	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.297
86	Guyana`GUY`South America	0.296
87	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.294
88	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.284
89	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	0.275
90	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.269
91	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.267
92	Honduras`HND`Central America	0.264
93	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.260
94	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.256
95	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	0.252
96	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	0.248
97	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.225
98	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	0.216
99	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.215
100	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.213
101	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	0.212
=102	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.207
=102	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	0.207
=104	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.204
=104	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.204
=106	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.201
=106	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.201
108	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.198
109	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	0.197
110	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.195
111	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.190
112	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.184
=113	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.181
=113	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	0.181
115	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.180
116	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.164
117	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.162
118	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	0.161
119	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	0.160
120	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.159
=121	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	0.158
=121	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.158
=121	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.158
124	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.154
=125	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.148
=125	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	0.148
127	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	0.137
128	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.131
129	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	0.129
130	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.121
131	Somaliland`XSL`Eastern Africa	0.120
132	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.118
=133	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	0.110
=133	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.110
=135	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.104
=135	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.104
137	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.097
138	Peru`PER`South America	0.095
139	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.093
140	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.092
141	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	0.089
142	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	0.087
143	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	0.084
144	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	0.081
145	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.080
146	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	0.079
147	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	0.078
148	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	0.076
149	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	0.075
150	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.069
151	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.067
152	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	0.060
153	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	0.059
154	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.058
155	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.055
156	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.052
157	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	0.051
158	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.049
159	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	0.048
160	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.039
=161	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	0.037
=161	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.037
=163	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.035
=163	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	0.035
165	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	0.032
166	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.028
167	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	0.026
168	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	0.023
169	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.018
170	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.017
171	North Korea`PRK`Eastern Asia	0.014

02In 1993

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Denmark0.881
2Sweden0.877
3Germany0.853
4Australia0.849
5Norway0.846

Lowest

171North Korea0.014
170Myanmar0.017
169Sudan0.018
168Afghanistan0.023
167Somalia0.026

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.296. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031992 → 1993

Since 1992

What changed between 1992 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+1 / −0countries joined / left
132values changed, of 170 in both
93 · 39rose · fell
38unchanged

Rose most

Estonia0.384 → 0.809+0.425
Ghana0.114 → 0.334+0.220
Lesotho0.157 → 0.360+0.203
Niger0.235 → 0.399+0.164
Fiji0.276 → 0.395+0.119

Fell most

Azerbaijan0.206 → 0.137−0.069
Rwanda0.193 → 0.129−0.064
Comoros0.201 → 0.158−0.043
Peru0.115 → 0.095−0.020
DR Congo0.054 → 0.035−0.019

+ Slovakia

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1993.
155 distinct values among 171
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 3 countries share 0.158. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The position is ours
V-Dem Institute publishes values only; the order is this site’s.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 171 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
171 rows · 4.6 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download liberal-democracy-1993-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
V-Dem Institute’s own file, on its own site.
V-Dem-CY-Core-v16_csv.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg (1993). Liberal Democracy Index, 1993 [data set], describing 1993. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/liberal-democracy/1993

0636 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Liberal Democracy Index, 1992
170 countries
The year after ›
Liberal Democracy Index, 1994
171 countries
All of them
Liberal Democracy Index: every year
36 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions