Data for 1992

Liberal Democracy Index, 1992

Name: Liberal Democracy Index, 1992
Creator: V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg
License: https://v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/

1992, as V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Liberal Democracy Index, 1992 covers 170 countries. Denmark is highest, at 0.881; North Korea is lowest, at 0.014. The middle country reads 0.256. Against 1991, 130 values changed (99 up, 31 down), 1 country joined.

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Liberal Democracy Index · Data for 1992

HighestDenmark

0.881

LowestNorth Korea

0.014

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

170countries
1measure
1992the year it describes
147distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 26, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY-SA 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Liberal Democracy Index, 1992, as published. V-Dem Institute ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 170 countries · select a heading to sort

Liberal Democracy Index, 1992: every country, as published by V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg.
derived
1	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.881
2	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.877
3	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.853
4	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.851
5	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.845
6	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.841
7	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.830
8	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.822
9	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.814
10	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.811
=11	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.809
=11	United States`USA`Northern America	0.809
13	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.808
14	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.805
15	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.804
=16	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.803
=16	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.803
18	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.789
19	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.785
20	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.782
21	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.781
22	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.776
23	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.764
24	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.762
25	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.757
26	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.754
=27	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.750
=27	Chile`CHL`South America	0.750
29	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.747
30	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.742
31	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.731
32	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.699
33	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.683
34	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.646
35	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.644
36	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	0.635
37	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.632
38	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.631
39	Suriname`SUR`South America	0.626
=40	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.609
=40	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.609
42	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.598
43	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.582
44	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.577
45	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.572
46	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.561
47	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.533
48	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.518
=49	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.512
=49	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	0.512
51	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	0.493
52	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.491
53	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.490
54	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.478
55	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.466
56	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.462
57	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	0.451
58	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.443
59	Colombia`COL`South America	0.428
60	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.425
61	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.418
62	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	0.414
63	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	0.396
64	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.384
65	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.369
66	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.366
67	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.363
68	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.350
=69	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	0.344
=69	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.344
71	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.338
72	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.333
73	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.331
74	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.330
75	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.326
76	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.321
77	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	0.317
78	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.299
79	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.297
80	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.284
81	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	0.276
82	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.272
83	Honduras`HND`Central America	0.267
84	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	0.259
=85	Guyana`GUY`South America	0.256
=85	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.256
87	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.236
88	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.235
89	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.225
90	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	0.213
91	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.212
=92	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	0.208
=92	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.208
=94	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	0.206
=94	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.206
96	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.203
97	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	0.201
98	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.200
99	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	0.197
=100	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.196
=100	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.196
=100	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	0.196
=103	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.193
=103	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	0.193
105	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.192
106	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.190
107	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	0.186
108	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.180
=109	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.179
=109	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.179
111	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.178
112	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.162
=113	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.157
=113	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.157
115	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	0.152
116	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	0.151
=117	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	0.150
=117	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	0.150
119	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.149
120	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	0.148
121	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.144
122	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.141
123	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.138
124	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.129
125	Peru`PER`South America	0.115
126	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.114
=127	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.108
=127	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	0.108
129	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.107
130	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	0.105
131	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.104
132	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.099
133	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.098
134	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.094
=135	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.093
=135	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.093
=137	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.084
=137	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	0.084
=139	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	0.083
=139	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	0.083
141	Somaliland`XSL`Eastern Africa	0.082
142	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	0.081
143	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.080
144	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	0.079
=145	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	0.077
=145	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	0.077
147	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	0.076
148	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.065
149	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	0.060
=150	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.058
=150	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.058
152	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.057
153	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.055
=154	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.054
=154	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	0.054
156	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.052
157	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	0.049
=158	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	0.048
=158	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	0.048
160	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.041
161	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	0.040
162	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.039
163	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.037
164	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	0.034
165	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	0.033
166	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.030
167	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	0.026
168	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.020
169	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.017
170	North Korea`PRK`Eastern Asia	0.014

02In 1992

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Denmark0.881
2Sweden0.877
3Germany0.853
4Australia0.851
5Norway0.845

Lowest

170North Korea0.014
169Myanmar0.017
168Sudan0.020
167Somalia0.026
166Turkmenistan0.030

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.256. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031991 → 1992

Since 1991

What changed between 1991 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+1 / −0countries joined / left
130values changed, of 169 in both
99 · 31rose · fell
39unchanged

Rose most

Suriname0.374 → 0.626+0.252
Mali0.154 → 0.344+0.190
Russia0.129 → 0.299+0.170
Mongolia0.395 → 0.533+0.138
Paraguay0.215 → 0.350+0.135

Fell most

Peru0.390 → 0.115−0.275
Estonia0.520 → 0.384−0.136
Haiti0.166 → 0.083−0.083
Algeria0.157 → 0.081−0.076
Vanuatu0.570 → 0.512−0.058

+ Bosnia and Herzegovina

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1992.
147 distinct values among 170
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 3 countries share 0.196. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The position is ours
V-Dem Institute publishes values only; the order is this site’s.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 170 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
170 rows · 4.6 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download liberal-democracy-1992-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
V-Dem Institute’s own file, on its own site.
V-Dem-CY-Core-v16_csv.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg (1992). Liberal Democracy Index, 1992 [data set], describing 1992. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/liberal-democracy/1992

0636 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Liberal Democracy Index, 1991
169 countries
The year after ›
Liberal Democracy Index, 1993
171 countries
All of them
Liberal Democracy Index: every year
36 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions