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Dataset · World Bank Group (Prospects Group)

Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate)

31 years, 1990–2020 · 156 countries

This is an estimate of how large a country's informal economy is — the output of unregistered businesses and untaxed work — as a share of its official GDP, from the World Bank's Informal Economy Database. Because informal activity escapes official statistics, the figure comes from an economic model rather than a count.

This site holds every year from 1990 to 2020, read from World Bank Group (Prospects Group)’s own data and stored exactly as published.

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Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate) · the file

Newest
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2020
Held
31 years · 4,834 rows
Licence
CC BY 4.0

0131 years

Every year

Every year comes from World Bank Group (Prospects Group)’s 2021 release, recalculated on one method. Each opens the full table for that year; each downloads as a CSV.

1990bar height: countries covered, up to 1562020
Every year of Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate) held on this site, newest first, with its download files.
YearCountriesChangeReadDownload
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2020Newest156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2019156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2018156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2017156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2016156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2015156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2014156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2013156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2012156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2011156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2010156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 2009156±0October 3, 2026CSV
Show all 31 years

Every year in one file, one row per country per year: informal-output-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv

023 columns

What’s in the file

Every column, what it holds, how it is stored and what its values look like — what a reader needs before opening the file.

Every column in the newest file of Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate): what it holds, how it is stored, and its range.
ColumnWhat it holdsStored asRange, 2020DistinctEmptySpread
CountrycountryNameThe country’s name, as this file spells it.Text—1560
ISO Codecountry_codeIdentifierThe ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code, added by this site. Every table here joins on it.Text · 3 letters—1560
Informal output, DGE model estimate (% of official GDP)informal_outputHeadlineThe headline figure: Informal output, model estimate (% of official GDP).Number · up to 16 decimals7.910Switzerland60.429Zimbabwemiddle 27.5001560

Profiled from the newest file. Range: the lowest and highest value, with the country holding it when only one does. Spread: countries in ten equal steps from lowest to highest. A higher value is the worse result.

03156 countries across every year

Who is covered

How many countries each year holds, continent by continent, who joined and who left, and which places this site covers that the dataset never has.

All regions
Countries in each year of Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), by continent.
200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020
Africa474747474747474747474747
Americas282828282828282828282828
Asia414141414141414141414141
Europe373737373737373737373737
Oceania333333333333
All156156156156156156156156156156156156

The newest 12 of 31 years.

Who joined and who left

04Provenance

Where it comes from

The path from the publisher to this page, and what was checked and changed on the way.

The site’s method
  1. 1 · Publisher

    World Bank Group (Prospects Group)

  2. 2 · Their file

    Informal Economy Database: informal output, DGE estimate, 2020

  3. 3 · Read by this site

    October 3, 2026

    Imported by a script that parses each figure and writes it down unrounded.
  4. 4 · Stored as

    31 files, one per year

    Each downloads as a CSV, or every year together as informal-output-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv
  5. 5 · Used on

    Its statistic page, and every profile it measures

Precision

The headline is stored to 16 decimals, as published.

Rounded by this site

Never. Tables on screen may show fewer decimals; the files never do.

Changed by this site

Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

From the World Bank Prospects Group's own Informal Economy Database workbook (Elgin, Kose, Ohnsorge and Yu, 2021), which carries the model's values in full; the Bank's Data360 copy of the same figures is checked against it.

05Reuse

Licence and credit

What the publisher’s licence lets you do, what it asks of you, and a credit line and citation ready to copy.

Every publisher’s terms

Licence · checked October 3, 2026

CC BY 4.0

  • Share and redistribute it
  • Adapt it and build on it
  • Use it commercially
  • Credit the publisher
  • Say what you changed

Share, adapt and use commercially. Credit the publisher and say if you changed anything.

A credit line

Source: World Bank Group (Prospects Group), Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), via Nations Inquiry.

Cite this dataset

World Bank Group (Prospects Group). Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate), 1990–2020 [data set]. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/informal-output

The publisher’s own citation: Elgin, C., M. A. Kose, F. Ohnsorge and S. Yu. 2021. "Understanding Informality." CEPR Discussion Paper 16497. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research.

Plain-language summary, not legal advice. The licence text is what binds.

06Where it is used

Around the site

Where these numbers appear on this site, and the datasets nearest to it.

07Questions

Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate): questions and answers

What is the Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate)?

This is an estimate of how large a country's informal economy is — the output of unregistered businesses and untaxed work — as a share of its official GDP, from the World Bank's Informal Economy Database. Because informal activity escapes official statistics, the figure comes from an economic model rather than a count.

Which years of the Informal Output (DGE Model Estimate) can I download?

All 31, from 1990 to 2020, each as a CSV file, or every year together in one CSV.

Does World Bank Group (Prospects Group) rank countries on it?

No, and this site does not order it either. The files hold values only.

Can I use it commercially?

Yes, under CC BY 4.0, with credit to World Bank Group (Prospects Group). The licence text is linked on this page.

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