Data for 1991

Egalitarian Democracy Index, 1991

Name: Egalitarian Democracy Index, 1991
Creator: V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg
License: https://v-dem.net/data/the-v-dem-dataset/

1991, as V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Egalitarian Democracy Index, 1991 covers 171 countries. Sweden is highest, at 0.875; Somalia is lowest, at 0.042. The middle country reads 0.245. Against 1990, 130 values changed (97 up, 33 down), 4 countries joined.

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Egalitarian Democracy Index · Data for 1991

HighestSweden

0.875

LowestSomalia

0.042

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

171countries
1measure
1991the year it describes
150distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 26, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY-SA 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Egalitarian Democracy Index, 1991, as published. V-Dem Institute ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 171 countries · select a heading to sort

Egalitarian Democracy Index, 1991: every country, as published by V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg.
derived
1	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.875
2	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.869
3	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.840
4	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.825
5	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.816
6	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.814
7	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.813
8	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.806
9	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.798
10	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.797
11	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.795
12	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.794
13	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.787
14	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.784
15	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.778
=16	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.766
=16	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.766
18	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.759
19	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.756
=20	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.752
=20	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.752
22	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.749
23	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.737
24	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.727
25	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.726
26	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.713
27	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.710
28	United States`USA`Northern America	0.703
29	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.685
30	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.663
31	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.655
32	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.637
33	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.627
34	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.619
35	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.613
36	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.611
37	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.560
38	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.555
39	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	0.541
40	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.540
41	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.528
42	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.526
43	Chile`CHL`South America	0.524
44	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.513
45	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.510
46	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	0.492
47	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.485
48	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.477
49	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.446
=50	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	0.439
=50	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.439
52	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.436
53	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	0.434
54	Bolivia`BOL`South America	0.423
55	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.410
56	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.407
57	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.385
58	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.379
59	São Tomé and Príncipe`STP`Middle Africa	0.378
60	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	0.366
61	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.360
62	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.358
63	Suriname`SUR`South America	0.349
64	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	0.345
65	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.324
66	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.320
67	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	0.319
68	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.304
69	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	0.303
70	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.302
71	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	0.286
72	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	0.284
73	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	0.283
74	Peru`PER`South America	0.281
75	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	0.279
76	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.276
77	Niger`NER`Western Africa	0.275
=78	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	0.273
=78	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.273
=78	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	0.273
=81	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	0.268
=81	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	0.268
83	Colombia`COL`South America	0.260
84	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.249
85	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.248
86	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.245
87	Guyana`GUY`South America	0.244
88	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	0.237
89	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.235
=90	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.228
=90	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.228
92	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	0.224
93	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.220
94	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.219
95	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	0.217
96	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	0.208
97	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.207
98	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.204
99	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.203
100	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	0.201
101	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	0.199
=102	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	0.198
=102	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	0.198
=102	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.198
105	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	0.197
=106	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.196
=106	Serbia`SRB`Southern Europe	0.196
108	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	0.195
109	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	0.191
110	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	0.189
111	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	0.185
112	Honduras`HND`Central America	0.181
=113	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.168
=113	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.168
115	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	0.167
116	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	0.161
117	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	0.160
=118	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	0.159
=118	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	0.159
120	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	0.156
121	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	0.153
=122	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	0.151
=122	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.151
124	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.148
=125	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	0.147
=125	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	0.147
127	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	0.143
128	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	0.140
129	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	0.134
=130	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	0.133
=130	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.133
132	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.131
133	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.128
134	Eritrea`ERI`Eastern Africa	0.127
=135	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	0.125
=135	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.125
137	Burundi`BDI`Eastern Africa	0.123
138	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	0.121
139	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	0.120
140	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.116
141	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.115
=142	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.114
=142	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	0.114
144	North Korea`PRK`Eastern Asia	0.111
=145	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	0.110
=145	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.110
=147	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.109
=147	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.109
149	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	0.108
150	Djibouti`DJI`Eastern Africa	0.104
151	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	0.103
=152	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	0.102
=152	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	0.102
154	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	0.098
155	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	0.096
156	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	0.091
157	Somaliland`XSL`Eastern Africa	0.090
158	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	0.088
159	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	0.085
160	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	0.084
161	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.083
162	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.081
=163	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	0.076
=163	Timor-Leste`TLS`South-eastern Asia	0.076
165	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.075
166	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	0.071
167	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	0.059
168	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	0.054
169	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.053
170	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.048
171	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	0.042

02In 1991

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Sweden0.875
2Denmark0.869
3Norway0.840
4Germany0.825
5Luxembourg0.816

Lowest

171Somalia0.042
170Sudan0.048
169South Africa0.053
168Angola0.054
167Cambodia0.059

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.245. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031990 → 1991

Since 1990

What changed between 1990 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+4 / −0countries joined / left
130values changed, of 167 in both
97 · 33rose · fell
37unchanged

Rose most

Cabo Verde0.282 → 0.492+0.210
São Tomé and Príncipe0.194 → 0.378+0.184
Slovenia0.552 → 0.726+0.174
Panama0.314 → 0.446+0.132
Benin0.232 → 0.358+0.126

Fell most

Suriname0.511 → 0.349−0.162
Estonia0.697 → 0.555−0.142
Thailand0.177 → 0.125−0.052
Serbia0.219 → 0.196−0.023
Somalia0.063 → 0.042−0.021

+ Croatia

+ North Macedonia

+ Turkmenistan+ Somaliland

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from V-Dem Institute’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1991.
150 distinct values among 171
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 3 countries share 0.273. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The position is ours
V-Dem Institute publishes values only; the order is this site’s.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 171 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
171 rows · 4.6 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download egalitarian-democracy-1991-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
V-Dem Institute’s own file, on its own site.
V-Dem-CY-Core-v16_csv.zip

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg (1991). Egalitarian Democracy Index, 1991 [data set], describing 1991. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/egalitarian-democracy/1991

0636 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Egalitarian Democracy Index, 1990
167 countries
The year after ›
Egalitarian Democracy Index, 1992
172 countries
All of them
Egalitarian Democracy Index: every year
36 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions