Data for 1990

Trade (% of GDP), 1990

Name: Trade (% of GDP), 1990
Creator: World Bank Group
License: https://data.worldbank.org/summary-terms-of-use

1990, as World Bank Group’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Trade (% of GDP), 1990 covers 141 countries. Singapore is highest, at 344.332; Sudan is lowest, at 11.091. The middle country reads 58.622. Against 1989, 127 values changed (67 up, 60 down), 14 countries joined.

Download CSV Cite this year

Share this page

Trade (% of GDP) · Data for 1990

HighestSingapore

344.332

LowestSudan

11.091

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the highest end.

141countries
1measure
1990the year it describes
141distinct values13 decimals, as published
Sep 6, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Trade (% of GDP), 1990, as published. World Bank Group ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 141 countries · select a heading to sort

Trade (% of GDP), 1990: every country, as published by World Bank Group.
derived
1	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	344.332
2	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	226.000
3	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	187.811
4	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	184.829
5	Macau`MAC`Eastern Asia	175.664
6	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	164.484
7	Kiribati`KIR`Micronesia	151.072
8	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	149.448
9	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	146.888
10	Guyana`GUY`South America	142.566
11	Solomon Islands`SLB`Melanesia	142.442
12	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	139.574
13	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	135.291
14	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	131.485
15	Fiji`FJI`Melanesia	129.500
16	Panama`PAN`Central America	121.794
17	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	121.468
18	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	117.906
19	Puerto Rico`PRI`Caribbean	114.453
20	Vanuatu`VUT`Melanesia	112.575
21	Bahamas`BHS`Caribbean	110.120
22	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	108.608
23	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	105.029
24	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	104.847
25	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	104.116
26	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	103.011
27	Tonga`TON`Polynesia	98.966
28	Honduras`HND`Central America	94.222
29	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	94.161
30	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	93.759
31	Paraguay`PRY`South America	91.308
32	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	89.607
33	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	89.572
34	Cabo Verde`CPV`Western Africa	85.952
35	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	85.570
36	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	85.527
37	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	83.083
38	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	81.336
39	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	81.327
40	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	81.316
41	Belize`BLZ`Central America	79.394
42	Faroe Islands`FRO`Northern Europe	78.877
43	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	78.738
44	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	78.125
45	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	76.897
46	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	75.782
47	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	75.285
48	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	71.845
49	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	71.769
50	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	71.708
51	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	71.291
52	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	71.114
53	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	70.819
54	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	70.798
55	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	69.845
56	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	69.198
57	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	68.691
58	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	68.244
59	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	67.305
60	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	65.056
61	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	63.051
62	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	62.912
63	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	62.576
64	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	61.237
65	Bhutan`BTN`Southern Asia	61.216
66	Chile`CHL`South America	61.209
67	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	60.935
68	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	59.766
69	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	58.801
70	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	58.687
71	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	58.622
72	Brunei`BRN`South-eastern Asia	57.748
73	Venezuela`VEN`South America	57.707
74	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	57.021
75	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	56.466
76	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	56.407
77	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	56.290
78	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	55.906
79	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	54.627
80	New Caledonia`NCL`Melanesia	53.200
81	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	52.923
82	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	52.892
83	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	52.608
84	Canada`CAN`Northern America	49.994
85	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	49.616
86	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	49.190
87	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	48.381
88	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	48.250
89	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	46.971
90	Bolivia`BOL`South America	46.703
91	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	46.415
92	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	45.869
93	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	45.839
94	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	45.720
95	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	45.689
96	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	45.659
97	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	44.789
98	Ecuador`ECU`South America	44.595
99	France`FRA`Western Europe	44.586
100	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	44.248
101	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	42.943
102	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	42.922
103	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	42.907
104	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	42.728
105	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	42.263
106	Uruguay`URY`South America	41.628
107	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	41.387
108	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	39.437
109	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	39.036
110	Mexico`MEX`Central America	38.520
111	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	38.460
112	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	38.212
113	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	37.496
114	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	37.081
115	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	36.238
116	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	36.107
117	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	35.847
118	Comoros`COM`Eastern Africa	35.757
119	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	35.653
120	Niger`NER`Western Africa	35.617
121	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	35.423
122	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	35.035
123	Colombia`COL`South America	34.778
124	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	34.484
125	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	32.381
126	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	32.189
127	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	32.110
128	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	30.943
129	Peru`PER`South America	29.470
130	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	27.628
131	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	26.610
132	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	24.226
133	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	22.077
134	United States`USA`Northern America	19.815
135	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	18.967
136	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	18.937
137	India`IND`Southern Asia	15.506
138	Brazil`BRA`South America	15.156
139	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	15.126
140	Argentina`ARG`South America	14.991
141	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	11.091

02In 1990

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Singapore344.332
2Hong Kong226.000
3Luxembourg187.811
4Bahrain184.829
5Macau175.664

Lowest

141Sudan11.091
140Argentina14.991
139Iraq15.126
138Brazil15.156
137India15.506

Neither end is better. The values describe a shape, not a score. The middle country reads 58.622. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031989 → 1990

Since 1989

What changed between 1989 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+14 / −0countries joined / left
127values changed, of 127 in both
67 · 60rose · fell
0unchanged

Rose most

Sierra Leone41.588 → 68.691+27.102
Vietnam57.904 → 81.316+23.411
Bahrain163.821 → 184.829+21.008
Kiribati130.515 → 151.072+20.557
Jordan130.447 → 149.448+19.000

Fell most

Solomon Islands193.462 → 142.442−51.020
Iraq44.835 → 15.126−29.709
Togo89.087 → 59.766−29.321
Nicaragua97.729 → 71.291−26.438
Bulgaria94.579 → 69.845−24.733

+ Armenia

+ Azerbaijan

+ Belarus

+ Czechia

+ Kyrgyzstan

+ Libya

+ North Macedonia

+ New Caledonia

+ Oman

+ Romania

+ Slovakia

+ Slovenia

+ Tanzania

+ Yemen

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from World Bank Group’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1990.
The position is ours
World Bank Group publishes values only; the order is this site’s.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 141 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
141 rows · 5.5 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download trade-to-gdp-1990-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
World Bank Group’s own file, on its own site.
NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

World Bank Group (1990). Trade (% of GDP), 1990 [data set], describing 1990. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/trade-to-gdp/1990

0656 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Trade (% of GDP), 1989
127 countries
The year after ›
Trade (% of GDP), 1991
143 countries
All of them
Trade (% of GDP): every year
56 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions

Trade (% of GDP), 1990: questions and answers

Which country has the highest trade openness in Trade (% of GDP), 1990?

Singapore, at 344.332, of the 141 countries in the file.

What year does Trade (% of GDP), 1990 describe?

1990.

How many countries does Trade (% of GDP), 1990 cover?

141.

Where can I download Trade (% of GDP), 1990?

On this page, as a CSV file holding every value exactly as published, or from the publisher’s own site, linked below.

Is Trade (% of GDP), 1990 the newest?

No. The newest held here is Trade (% of GDP), 2025.

This edition

The same ranking, cut differently

Behind the number

Browse

By continent

Much-read profiles

Every subject

The numbers

Reading the data