Data for 1978

Trade (% of GDP), 1978

Name: Trade (% of GDP), 1978
Creator: World Bank Group
License: https://data.worldbank.org/summary-terms-of-use

1978, as World Bank Group’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Trade (% of GDP), 1978 covers 106 countries. Singapore is highest, at 334.60; Türkiye is lowest, at 11.44. The middle country reads 52.98. Against 1977, 106 values changed (42 up, 64 down), the same countries are covered.

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Trade (% of GDP) · Data for 1978

HighestSingapore

334.60

LowestTürkiye

11.44

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the highest end.

106countries
1measure
1978the year it describes
106distinct values13 decimals, as published
Sep 6, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY 4.0licence

01Position · derived

The table

Every country and every column of Trade (% of GDP), 1978, as published. World Bank Group ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 106 countries · select a heading to sort

Trade (% of GDP), 1978: every country, as published by World Bank Group.
derived
1	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	334.60
2	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	170.15
3	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	161.88
4	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	154.09
5	Bahamas`BHS`Caribbean	150.18
6	Guyana`GUY`South America	126.18
7	Panama`PAN`Central America	125.82
8	Kiribati`KIR`Micronesia	125.01
9	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	120.58
10	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	113.29
11	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	110.40
12	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	108.68
13	Lesotho`LSO`Southern Africa	107.85
14	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	107.05
15	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	105.25
16	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	104.79
17	Puerto Rico`PRI`Caribbean	101.42
18	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	100.64
19	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	99.71
20	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	97.47
21	Tonga`TON`Polynesia	96.66
22	Honduras`HND`Central America	93.82
23	Gambia`GMB`Western Africa	93.57
24	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	92.55
25	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	92.31
26	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	90.91
27	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	88.33
28	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	87.36
29	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	86.48
30	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	86.03
31	Seychelles`SYC`Eastern Africa	85.32
32	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	82.39
33	Somalia`SOM`Eastern Africa	82.01
34	Faroe Islands`FRO`Northern Europe	80.26
35	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	76.76
36	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	74.32
37	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	73.96
38	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	71.24
39	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	71.09
40	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	69.80
41	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	69.70
42	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	67.62
43	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	66.81
44	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	65.70
45	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	65.66
46	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	64.21
47	Venezuela`VEN`South America	61.36
48	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	59.90
49	Central African Republic`CAF`Middle Africa	57.31
50	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	57.09
51	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	54.99
52	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	53.84
53	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	53.25
54	Bolivia`BOL`South America	52.70
55	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	52.62
56	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	52.54
57	Brunei`BRN`South-eastern Asia	51.84
58	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	51.78
59	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	51.07
60	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	50.95
61	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	50.44
62	Niger`NER`Western Africa	50.36
63	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	50.21
64	Canada`CAN`Northern America	48.84
65	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	48.74
66	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	48.11
67	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	46.44
68	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	46.07
69	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	45.69
70	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	44.39
71	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	44.00
72	Sierra Leone`SLE`Western Africa	43.83
73	Guinea-Bissau`GNB`Western Africa	43.79
74	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	42.71
75	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	42.48
76	Chile`CHL`South America	42.46
77	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	42.01
78	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	41.43
79	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	41.21
80	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	41.17
81	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	41.13
82	France`FRA`Western Europe	41.12
83	Paraguay`PRY`South America	40.53
84	Uruguay`URY`South America	40.00
85	Peru`PER`South America	39.71
86	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	37.04
87	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	35.22
88	Ecuador`ECU`South America	33.30
89	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	32.52
90	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	32.29
91	Colombia`COL`South America	30.42
92	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	28.14
93	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	27.92
94	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	27.76
95	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	26.04
96	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	23.13
97	Mexico`MEX`Central America	21.51
98	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	21.04
99	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	18.91
100	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	18.05
101	United States`USA`Northern America	16.97
102	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	15.40
103	Brazil`BRA`South America	14.58
104	Argentina`ARG`South America	14.32
105	India`IND`Southern Asia	12.90
106	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	11.44

02In 1978

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

1Singapore334.60
2Hong Kong170.15
3Luxembourg161.88
4Malta154.09
5Bahamas150.18

Lowest

106Türkiye11.44
105India12.90
104Argentina14.32
103Brazil14.58
102China15.40

Neither end is better. The values describe a shape, not a score. The middle country reads 52.98. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031977 → 1978

Since 1977

What changed between 1977 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+0 / −0countries joined / left
106values changed, of 106 in both
42 · 64rose · fell
0unchanged

Rose most

Togo72.04 → 100.64+28.60
Uganda16.95 → 32.52+15.56
Israel70.49 → 86.03+15.54
Sri Lanka63.97 → 74.32+10.34
Hong Kong160.19 → 170.15+9.96

Fell most

Lesotho124.33 → 107.85−16.48
Guyana141.98 → 126.18−15.79
Iran59.89 → 45.69−14.19
Senegal63.95 → 50.21−13.74
Malta167.35 → 154.09−13.27

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from World Bank Group’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1978.
The position is ours
World Bank Group publishes values only; the order is this site’s.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 106 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
106 rows · 4.4 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download trade-to-gdp-1978-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
World Bank Group’s own file, on its own site.
NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

World Bank Group (1978). Trade (% of GDP), 1978 [data set], describing 1978. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/trade-to-gdp/1978

0656 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Trade (% of GDP), 1977
106 countries
The year after ›
Trade (% of GDP), 1979
106 countries
All of them
Trade (% of GDP): every year
56 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions

Trade (% of GDP), 1978: questions and answers

Which country has the highest trade openness in Trade (% of GDP), 1978?

Singapore, at 334.60, of the 106 countries in the file.

What year does Trade (% of GDP), 1978 describe?

1978.

How many countries does Trade (% of GDP), 1978 cover?

106.

Where can I download Trade (% of GDP), 1978?

On this page, as a CSV file holding every value exactly as published, or from the publisher’s own site, linked below.

Is Trade (% of GDP), 1978 the newest?

No. The newest held here is Trade (% of GDP), 2025.

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