Data for 2004

Economic Complexity Index, 2004

Name: Economic Complexity Index, 2004
Creator: Growth Lab at Harvard University
License: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/XTAQMC

2004, as Growth Lab at Harvard University’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Economic Complexity Index, 2004 covers 144 countries. Japan is highest, at 2.039; Nigeria is lowest, at -2.901. The middle country reads 0.051. Against 2003, 144 values changed (64 up, 80 down), the same countries are covered.

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Economic Complexity Index · Data for 2004

HighestJapan

2.039

LowestNigeria

-2.901

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

144countries
1measure
2004the year it describes
144distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 6, 2026read from the publisher
Public domain or CC0licence

01Growth Lab at Harvard University’s rank

The table

Every country and every column of Economic Complexity Index, 2004, as published. The rank is Growth Lab at Harvard University’s own, as printed. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 144 countries · select a heading to sort

Economic Complexity Index, 2004: every country, as published by Growth Lab at Harvard University.

1	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	2.039
2	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	1.658
3	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	1.613
4	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	1.567
5	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	1.557
6	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	1.531
7	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	1.459
8	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	1.402
9	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	1.380
10	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	1.362
11	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	1.355
12	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	1.298
13	United States`USA`Northern America	1.289
14	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	1.276
15	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	1.253
16	France`FRA`Western Europe	1.243
17	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	1.210
18	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	1.168
19	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	1.124
20	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	1.103
21	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	1.097
22	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	1.092
23	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	1.090
24	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	1.063
25	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	1.030
26	Canada`CAN`Northern America	1.029
27	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	1.001
28	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.972
29	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.948
30	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.938
31	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.934
32	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.931
33	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.818
34	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.767
35	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.741
36	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.721
37	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.712
38	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.678
39	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.661
40	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.658
41	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.645
42	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.629
43	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.597
44	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.594
45	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.593
46	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.588
47	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.555
48	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.549
49	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.538
50	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.529
51	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.481
52	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.478
53	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.474
54	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.473
55	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.463
56	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.445
57	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.398
58	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.337
59	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.326
60	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.309
61	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.272
62	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	0.244
63	Colombia`COL`South America	0.238
64	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.186
65	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.180
66	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.169
67	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.154
68	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	0.143
69	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.100
70	Chile`CHL`South America	0.083
71	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.067
72	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.054
73	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.047
74	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.041
75	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.017
76	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	-0.020
77	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	-0.052
78	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	-0.055
79	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	-0.071
80	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	-0.107
81	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	-0.122
82	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	-0.178
83	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	-0.180
84	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	-0.228
85	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	-0.302
86	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	-0.303
87	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	-0.307
88	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	-0.314
89	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	-0.322
90	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	-0.326
91	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	-0.357
92	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	-0.362
93	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	-0.422
94	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	-0.440
95	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	-0.479
96	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	-0.490
97	Peru`PER`South America	-0.497
98	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	-0.509
99	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	-0.552
100	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	-0.564
101	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	-0.634
102	Honduras`HND`Central America	-0.650
103	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	-0.672
104	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	-0.739
105	Niger`NER`Western Africa	-0.773
106	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	-0.786
107	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	-0.788
108	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	-0.791
109	Ecuador`ECU`South America	-0.802
110	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	-0.877
111	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	-0.878
112	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	-0.927
113	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	-0.963
114	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	-0.971
115	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	-1.004
116	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	-1.031
117	Paraguay`PRY`South America	-1.035
118	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	-1.049
119	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	-1.057
120	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	-1.101
121	Bolivia`BOL`South America	-1.131
122	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	-1.136
123	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	-1.241
124	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	-1.256
125	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	-1.341
126	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	-1.356
127	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	-1.378
128	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	-1.402
129	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	-1.430
130	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	-1.442
131	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	-1.469
132	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	-1.493
133	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	-1.511
134	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	-1.526
135	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	-1.536
136	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	-1.590
137	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	-1.785
138	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	-1.902
139	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	-2.050
140	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	-2.066
141	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	-2.179
142	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	-2.301
143	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	-2.320
144	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	-2.901

02In 2004

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

#1Japan2.039
#2Switzerland1.658
#3Finland1.613
#4Germany1.567
#5Taiwan1.557

Lowest

#144Nigeria-2.901
#143Republic of the Congo-2.320
#142DR Congo-2.301
#141Sudan-2.179
#140Chad-2.066

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.051. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

032003 → 2004

Since 2003

What changed between 2003 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+0 / −0countries joined / left
144values changed, of 144 in both
64 · 80rose · fell
0unchanged

Rose most

Angola-1.699 → -0.788+0.911
Iraq-0.938 → -0.357+0.581
Guinea-2.452 → -1.902+0.550
Equatorial Guinea-2.457 → -2.050+0.407
Tanzania-1.528 → -1.136+0.392

Fell most

Chad-1.027 → -2.066−1.039
Nigeria-1.962 → -2.901−0.939
Sudan-1.658 → -2.179−0.521
Yemen-0.974 → -1.493−0.519
Cameroon-0.917 → -1.256−0.339

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from Growth Lab at Harvard University’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 2004.
The rank is Growth Lab at Harvard University’s
Printed as the publisher ranked the countries; never re-ranked here.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 144 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
144 rows · 4.5 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download economic-complexity-2004-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
Growth Lab at Harvard University’s own file, on its own site.
13439575

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC0 1.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

Growth Lab at Harvard University (2004). Economic Complexity Index, 2004 [data set], describing 2004. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/economic-complexity/2004

0630 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Economic Complexity Index, 2003
144 countries
The year after ›
Economic Complexity Index, 2005
144 countries
All of them
Economic Complexity Index: every year
30 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions