Data for 2003

Economic Complexity Index, 2003

Name: Economic Complexity Index, 2003
Creator: Growth Lab at Harvard University
License: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/XTAQMC

2003, as Growth Lab at Harvard University’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Economic Complexity Index, 2003 covers 144 countries. Japan is highest, at 2.058; Republic of the Congo is lowest, at -2.652. The middle country reads 0.045. Against 2002, 144 values changed (77 up, 67 down), the same countries are covered.

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Economic Complexity Index · Data for 2003

HighestJapan

2.058

LowestRepublic of the Congo

-2.652

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

144countries
1measure
2003the year it describes
141distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 6, 2026read from the publisher
Public domain or CC0licence

01Growth Lab at Harvard University’s rank

The table

Every country and every column of Economic Complexity Index, 2003, as published. The rank is Growth Lab at Harvard University’s own, as printed. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 144 countries · select a heading to sort

Economic Complexity Index, 2003: every country, as published by Growth Lab at Harvard University.

1	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	2.058
2	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	1.704
3	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	1.622
4	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	1.610
5	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	1.569
6	Taiwan`TWN`Eastern Asia	1.561
7	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	1.449
8	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	1.438
9	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	1.421
10	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	1.394
11	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	1.375
12	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	1.370
13	United States`USA`Northern America	1.316
14	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	1.282
15	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	1.282
16	France`FRA`Western Europe	1.271
17	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	1.248
18	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	1.222
19	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	1.171
20	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	1.138
21	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	1.125
22	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	1.119
23	Canada`CAN`Northern America	1.096
24	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	1.078
25	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	1.078
26	Hong Kong`HKG`Eastern Asia	1.077
27	Ukraine`UKR`Eastern Europe	0.999
28	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.982
29	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.980
30	Belarus`BLR`Eastern Europe	0.965
31	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.961
32	China`CHN`Eastern Asia	0.877
33	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.839
34	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.805
35	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.765
36	Latvia`LVA`Northern Europe	0.690
37	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.679
38	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.672
39	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.659
40	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.657
41	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.638
42	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.615
43	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.608
44	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.581
45	Saudi Arabia`SAU`Western Asia	0.568
46	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.561
47	Georgia`GEO`Western Asia	0.560
48	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.555
49	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.551
50	Lithuania`LTU`Northern Europe	0.506
51	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.460
52	Armenia`ARM`Western Asia	0.453
53	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.447
54	United Arab Emirates`ARE`Western Asia	0.409
55	Bosnia and Herzegovina`BIH`Southern Europe	0.378
56	Lebanon`LBN`Western Asia	0.308
57	Colombia`COL`South America	0.305
58	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.302
59	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.265
60	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.240
61	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.220
62	Eswatini`SWZ`Southern Africa	0.219
63	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.207
64	Chile`CHL`South America	0.181
65	Bahrain`BHR`Western Asia	0.140
66	Tunisia`TUN`Northern Africa	0.137
67	Jordan`JOR`Western Asia	0.129
68	Kyrgyzstan`KGZ`Central Asia	0.100
69	Kazakhstan`KAZ`Central Asia	0.078
70	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.065
71	Costa Rica`CRI`Central America	0.060
72	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.052
73	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.038
74	Kuwait`KWT`Western Asia	0.010
75	Moldova`MDA`Eastern Europe	-0.021
76	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	-0.057
77	Albania`ALB`Southern Europe	-0.101
78	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	-0.109
79	Qatar`QAT`Western Asia	-0.118
80	Guatemala`GTM`Central America	-0.136
81	Afghanistan`AFG`Southern Asia	-0.199
82	Kenya`KEN`Eastern Africa	-0.213
83	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	-0.216
84	Senegal`SEN`Western Africa	-0.218
85	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	-0.222
86	Azerbaijan`AZE`Western Asia	-0.244
87	Vietnam`VNM`South-eastern Asia	-0.248
88	Cuba`CUB`Caribbean	-0.260
89	Zimbabwe`ZWE`Eastern Africa	-0.271
90	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	-0.315
91	Oman`OMN`Western Asia	-0.352
92	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	-0.421
93	Peru`PER`South America	-0.442
94	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	-0.457
95	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	-0.482
96	Uzbekistan`UZB`Central Asia	-0.489
97	Libya`LBY`Northern Africa	-0.497
98	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	-0.558
99	Niger`NER`Western Africa	-0.589
100	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	-0.596
101	Togo`TGO`Western Africa	-0.630
102	Jamaica`JAM`Caribbean	-0.664
103	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	-0.694
104	Honduras`HND`Central America	-0.730
105	Liberia`LBR`Western Africa	-0.731
106	Algeria`DZA`Northern Africa	-0.732
107	Côte d’Ivoire`CIV`Western Africa	-0.753
108	Bolivia`BOL`South America	-0.856
109	Ecuador`ECU`South America	-0.859
110	Mali`MLI`Western Africa	-0.870
111	Gabon`GAB`Middle Africa	-0.900
112	Cameroon`CMR`Middle Africa	-0.917
113	Iraq`IRQ`Western Asia	-0.938
114	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	-0.950
115	Uganda`UGA`Eastern Africa	-0.974
116	Yemen`YEM`Western Asia	-0.974
117	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	-0.992
118	Burkina Faso`BFA`Western Africa	-0.998
119	Chad`TCD`Middle Africa	-1.027
120	Tajikistan`TJK`Central Asia	-1.035
121	Mongolia`MNG`Eastern Asia	-1.111
122	Paraguay`PRY`South America	-1.143
123	Rwanda`RWA`Eastern Africa	-1.159
124	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	-1.191
125	Cambodia`KHM`South-eastern Asia	-1.263
126	Mozambique`MOZ`Eastern Africa	-1.355
127	Papua New Guinea`PNG`Melanesia	-1.379
128	Mauritania`MRT`Western Africa	-1.406
129	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	-1.435
130	Tanzania`TZA`Eastern Africa	-1.528
131	Madagascar`MDG`Eastern Africa	-1.538
132	Malawi`MWI`Eastern Africa	-1.562
133	Laos`LAO`South-eastern Asia	-1.597
134	Haiti`HTI`Caribbean	-1.604
135	Turkmenistan`TKM`Central Asia	-1.656
136	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	-1.658
137	Ethiopia`ETH`Eastern Africa	-1.673
138	Angola`AGO`Middle Africa	-1.699
139	Myanmar`MMR`South-eastern Asia	-1.856
140	Nigeria`NGA`Western Africa	-1.962
141	DR Congo`COD`Middle Africa	-2.004
142	Guinea`GIN`Western Africa	-2.452
143	Equatorial Guinea`GNQ`Middle Africa	-2.457
144	Republic of the Congo`COG`Middle Africa	-2.652

02In 2003

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

#1Japan2.058
#2Switzerland1.704
#3Finland1.622
#4Germany1.610
#5Sweden1.569

Lowest

#144Republic of the Congo-2.652
#143Equatorial Guinea-2.457
#142Guinea-2.452
#141DR Congo-2.004
#140Nigeria-1.962

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.045. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

032002 → 2003

Since 2002

What changed between 2002 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+0 / −0countries joined / left
144values changed, of 144 in both
77 · 67rose · fell
0unchanged

Rose most

Ghana-1.590 → -1.191+0.399
Iraq-1.302 → -0.938+0.364
Yemen-1.326 → -0.974+0.352
Côte d’Ivoire-1.005 → -0.753+0.252
Cameroon-1.162 → -0.917+0.245

Fell most

Chad-0.361 → -1.027−0.666
Guinea-1.980 → -2.452−0.472
Malawi-1.121 → -1.562−0.441
Equatorial Guinea-2.052 → -2.457−0.405
Rwanda-0.759 → -1.159−0.400

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from Growth Lab at Harvard University’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 2003.
141 distinct values among 144
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 2 countries share 1.282. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The rank is Growth Lab at Harvard University’s
Printed as the publisher ranked the countries; never re-ranked here.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 144 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
144 rows · 4.5 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download economic-complexity-2003-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
Growth Lab at Harvard University’s own file, on its own site.
13439575

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC0 1.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

Growth Lab at Harvard University (2003). Economic Complexity Index, 2003 [data set], describing 2003. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/economic-complexity/2003

0630 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Economic Complexity Index, 2002
144 countries
The year after ›
Economic Complexity Index, 2004
144 countries
All of them
Economic Complexity Index: every year
30 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions