Dataset · FAO
Water-Use Efficiency
24 years, 2000–2023 · 168 countries · 4 measures
Water-use efficiency is SDG indicator 6.4.1: how many dollars of economic output a country produces for each cubic metre of fresh water it withdraws, across farming, industry and services. It is the efficiency half of the SDG water target, whose other half — water stress — measures how much of the available water is taken.
This site holds every year from 2000 to 2023, read from FAO’s own data and stored exactly as published.
Water-Use Efficiency · the file
- Newest
- Water-Use Efficiency, 2023
- Held
- 24 years · 3,659 rows
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0
0124 years
Every year
Every year comes from FAO’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. Each opens the full table for that year; each downloads as a CSV.
| Year | Countries | Change | Read | Download |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2023Newest | 168 | ±0 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2022 | 168 | ±0 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2021 | 168 | ±0 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2020 | 168 | ±0 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2019 | 168 | ±0 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2018 | 168 | ±0 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2017 | 168 | ±0 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2016 | 168 | +1 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2015 | 167 | ±0 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2014 | 167 | +1 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2013 | 166 | +1 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2012 | 165 | +6 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
Show all 24 years
| Year | Countries | Change | Read | Download |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2011 | 159 | +1 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2010 | 158 | +4 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2009 | 154 | ±0 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2008 | 154 | +3 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2007 | 151 | +6 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2006 | 145 | +7 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2005 | 138 | +8 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2004 | 130 | +2 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2003 | 128 | +11 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2002 | 117 | +6 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2001 | 111 | +6 | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
| Water-Use Efficiency, 2000 | 105 | — | October 3, 2026 | CSV |
Every year in one file, one row per country per year: water-use-efficiency-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv
026 columns
What’s in the file
Every column, what it holds, how it is stored and what its values look like — what a reader needs before opening the file.
| Column | What it holds | Stored as | Range, 2023 | Distinct | Empty | Spread |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ISO Codecountry_codeIdentifier | The ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code, added by this site. Every table here joins on it. | Text · 3 letters | — | 168 | 0 | |
CountrycountryName | The country’s name, as this file spells it. | Text | — | 168 | 0 | |
Economic value added per cubic metre of freshwater withdrawn (US$ per m³)water_use_efficiencyHeadline | The headline figure: Value added per cubic metre of freshwater withdrawn (constant US$ per m³). | Number · up to 2 decimals | 0.38 | 163 | 0 | |
Agriculture (US$ per m³)agricultureMeasure | Value added by irrigated agriculture per cubic metre of water it withdraws, in US dollars. | Number · up to 2 decimals | 0.00 | 93 | 4 | |
Industry (US$ per m³)industryMeasure | Value added by industry per cubic metre of water it withdraws, in US dollars. | Number · up to 2 decimals | 0.19 | 168 | 0 | |
Services (US$ per m³)servicesMeasure | Value added by services per cubic metre of water they withdraw, in US dollars. | Number · up to 2 decimals | 6.12 | 168 | 0 |
Profiled from the newest file. Range: the lowest and highest value, with the country holding it when only one does. Spread: countries in ten equal steps from lowest to highest. A higher value is the better result.
03168 countries across every year
Who is covered
How many countries each year holds, continent by continent, who joined and who left, and which places this site covers that the dataset never has.
| 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 |
| Americas | 29 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| Asia | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 |
| Europe | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 |
| Oceania | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| All | 165 | 166 | 167 | 167 | 168 | 168 | 168 | 168 | 168 | 168 | 168 | 168 |
The newest 12 of 24 years.
Who joined and who left
Not in this dataset · 57 places this site covers
FAO gives no figure for these in any year held here. It is the publisher’s choice of scope, and each place’s profile shows what is measured.
04Provenance
Where it comes from
The path from the publisher to this page, and what was checked and changed on the way.
1 · Publisher
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2 · Their file
Water-Use Efficiency 2023
3 · Read by this site
October 3, 2026
Imported by a script that parses each figure and writes it down unrounded.4 · Stored as
24 files, one per year
Each downloads as a CSV, or every year together as water-use-efficiency-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv5 · Used on
Its statistic page, and every profile it measures
Precision
The headline is stored to 2 decimals, as published.
Rounded by this site
Never. Tables on screen may show fewer decimals; the files never do.
Changed by this site
Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.
FAOSTAT's SDG Indicators domain, read from FAO's own bulk download; FAO computes the indicator from AQUASTAT, its water database. Readings are published to two decimal places.
05Reuse
Licence and credit
What the publisher’s licence lets you do, what it asks of you, and a credit line and citation ready to copy.
Licence · checked October 3, 2026
- Share and redistribute it
- Adapt it and build on it
- Use it commercially
- Credit the publisher
- Say what you changed
Share, adapt and use commercially. Credit the publisher and say if you changed anything.
A credit line
Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Water-Use Efficiency, via Nations Inquiry.
Cite this dataset
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Water-Use Efficiency, 2000–2023 [data set]. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/water-use-efficiency
The publisher’s own citation: FAO. 2026. FAOSTAT: SDG Indicators (SDG indicator 6.4.1, computed from AQUASTAT). Accessed on 3 October 2026. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/SDGB Licence: CC-BY-4.0.
Plain-language summary, not legal advice. The licence text is what binds.
06Where it is used
Around the site
Where these numbers appear on this site, and the datasets nearest to it.
Charted
Water-Use Efficiency by countryWho is highest, the map, the spread, who rose and fell, and the records.
Subjects
Near neighbours
- CO₂ Emissions per CapitaGlobal Carbon Project · 75 held · 1950–2024
- Ecological FootprintGlobal Footprint Network · 65 held · 1961–2025
- Water StressFAO · 24 held · 2000–2023
07Questions
Water-Use Efficiency: questions and answers
What is the Water-Use Efficiency?
Water-use efficiency is SDG indicator 6.4.1: how many dollars of economic output a country produces for each cubic metre of fresh water it withdraws, across farming, industry and services. It is the efficiency half of the SDG water target, whose other half — water stress — measures how much of the available water is taken.
Which years of the Water-Use Efficiency can I download?
All 24, from 2000 to 2023, each as a CSV file, or every year together in one CSV.
Does FAO rank countries on it?
No, and this site does not order it either. The files hold values only.
Can I use it commercially?
Yes, under CC BY 4.0, with credit to FAO. The licence text is linked on this page.