Photo: Moonik · CC BY-SA 3.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Topic 04 of 18 · Country Index 2026
Türkiye: Education & Knowledge
How far does a country's schooling carry its children?
Türkiye is placed 28th of 198 countries on education & knowledge in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 4 key statistics. Readings behind it: Out-of-School Rate, Primary 0.603 (2024); Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary 98.02 (2024).
Share
Education & Knowledge
28th
of 198 countries placed
Placed from 3 of 4 key statistics
- 0.603Out-of-School Rate, Primary, 2024Out-of-school rate, primary age (%)
- 98.02Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary, 2024Children one year before primary entry age in organised learning (%)
- 78.12Upper Secondary Completion Rate, 2025Upper secondary completion rate (%)
- —Government Spending on Education, 2023No reading for this country
01The evidence
The 4 key statistics that decide it
Only these place Türkiye on education & knowledge — one vote each. Every value is the publisher’s own, read at the edition the Country Index 2026 used — or, for a survey-based key, each country’s latest reading; the grey ticks are every other country it was compared with, lowest on the left.
Key 1 of 4
Out-of-School Rate, Primary
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)
Latest reading per country, 2014–2024 · Türkiye’s is from 2023 · CC BY-SA 4.0
0.603
Out-of-school rate, primary age (%)
Lower is better
Türkiye: 0.603. Across the 192 countries at their latest reading, values run from 0.004 (United Arab Emirates) to 65.6 (Equatorial Guinea); the world median is 3.691.
- World median
- 3.691
- Best in Western Asia
- 0.004 United Arab Emirates
- Land neighbours
- Armenia 1.084 · Azerbaijan 0.027 · Bulgaria 5.903 · Georgia 6.167 · Greece 0.11 · Iran 0.103 · Syria 21.81
Key 2 of 4
Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)
Latest reading per country, 2014–2024 · Türkiye’s is from 2023 · CC BY-SA 4.0
98.02
Children one year before primary entry age in organised learning (%)
Higher is better
Türkiye: 98.02. Across the 187 countries at their latest reading, values run from 3.411 (Yemen) to 100 (United Arab Emirates); the world median is 85.9.
- World median
- 85.9
- Best in Western Asia
- 100 United Arab Emirates
- Land neighbours
- Armenia 31.98 · Azerbaijan 83.49 · Bulgaria 94.6 · Greece 99.53 · Iran 59.82 · Syria 46.51
Key 3 of 4
Upper Secondary Completion Rate
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)
2025 edition · data for 2025 · CC BY-SA 4.0
78.12
Upper secondary completion rate (%)
Higher is better
Türkiye: 78.12. Across the 164 countries in this edition, values run from 2.13 (South Sudan) to 99.27 (South Korea); the world median is 64.87.
- World median
- 64.87
- Best in Western Asia
- 95.87 Azerbaijan
- Land neighbours
- Armenia 94.42 · Azerbaijan 95.87 · Bulgaria 87.21 · Georgia 92.53 · Greece 95.22 · Iran 75.5 · Iraq 57.15 · Syria 36.81
Key 4 of 4
Government Spending on Education
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)
2023 edition · data for 2023 · CC BY-SA 4.0
No reading
Government expenditure on education (% of GDP)
Higher is better
UIS publishes no 2023 figure for Türkiye, so the standing rests on the other keys.
Across the 123 countries in this edition, values run from 0 (Somalia) to 16.39 (Kiribati); the world median is 3.709.
- World median
- 3.709
- Best in Western Asia
- 5.026 Kuwait
- Land neighbours
- Armenia 2.439 · Azerbaijan 3.66 · Georgia 3.709 · Iran 2.824
02Over time
Which way Türkiye is moving
Each key’s published value, edition by edition, beside the world median. The Country Index 2026 is the first edition of the standing, so the standing itself has no history to chart yet.
Out-of-School Rate, Primary
Out-of-school rate, primary age (%) · lower is better
TürkiyeWorld median
Türkiye rose from 0.008 in 2013 to 0.603 in 2023; the world median went from 3.413 to 3.393.
Every year’s figures
Year Türkiye World median 2024 — 3.691 2023 0.60 3.393 2022 0.26 3.002 2021 0.22 3.330 2020 0.23 2.678 2019 0.20 2.758 2018 0.21 2.439 2017 0.71 2.907 2016 1.81 2.954 2015 1.34 3.052 2014 0.28 3.904 2013 0.01 3.413 2012 — 3.408 2011 — 3.626 2010 — 3.491 2009 — 3.577 2008 — 3.878 2007 — 4.029 2006 — 4.338 2005 — 4.571 2004 — 3.791 2003 — 4.412 2002 — 4.144 2001 — 4.051 2000 — 8.642 Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary
Children one year before primary entry age in organised learning (%) · higher is better
TürkiyeWorld median
Türkiye rose from 29.07 in 2004 to 98.02 in 2023; the world median went from 81.77 to 87.61.
Every year’s figures
Year Türkiye World median 2024 — 85.9 2023 98.0 87.6 2022 99.2 87.7 2021 67.7 87.0 2020 81.0 88.3 2019 80.4 88.8 2018 80.1 89.6 2017 73.4 87.4 2016 69.7 87.9 2015 72.1 88.2 2014 70.6 89.2 2013 73.8 88.0 2012 69.6 85.4 2011 67.4 86.2 2010 60.5 86.1 2009 50.9 84.8 2008 55.4 85.8 2007 47.4 86.7 2006 41.3 84.0 2005 35.9 82.2 2004 29.1 81.8 2003 — 78.3 2002 — 80.0 2001 — 80.8 2000 — 66.3 Upper Secondary Completion Rate
Upper secondary completion rate (%) · higher is better
TürkiyeWorld median
Türkiye rose from 40.07 in 2000 to 78.12 in 2025; the world median went from 38 to 64.87.
Every year’s figures
Year Türkiye World median 2025 78 64.9 2024 77 65.0 2023 76 64.2 2022 75 63.6 2021 74 62.9 2020 73 62.2 2019 71 61.5 2018 69 60.9 2017 67 60.5 2016 65 60.1 2015 63 58.9 2014 62 57.0 2013 61 54.7 2012 60 52.4 2011 59 50.9 2010 58 49.5 2009 56 48.5 2008 54 47.4 2007 52 46.2 2006 50 45.0 2005 47 43.8 2004 45 42.9 2003 43 41.6 2002 42 40.3 2001 41 39.0 2000 40 38.0 Government Spending on Education
Government expenditure on education (% of GDP) · higher is better
TürkiyeWorld median
Türkiye fell from 4.222 in 2011 to 3.096 in 2022; the world median went from 3.999 to 4.057.
Every year’s figures
Year Türkiye World median 2023 — 3.7092 2022 3.10 4.0570 2021 3.54 4.2611 2020 4.03 4.4056 2019 4.45 4.1407 2018 4.30 4.2159 2017 4.32 4.1401 2016 4.63 4.2342 2015 4.31 4.2386 2014 4.41 4.2005 2013 4.34 4.3493 2012 4.39 4.0348 2011 4.22 3.9987 2010 — 4.1396 2009 — 4.6638 2008 — 4.4226 2007 — 4.1717 2006 — 4.0593 2005 — 4.0557 2004 — 3.9745 2003 — 4.1595 2002 — 4.0173 2001 — 4.1002 2000 — 3.8861
03In context
Türkiye beside its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place among all 198 countries on education & knowledge, never a place within the region.
Türkiye and the countries it borders
Standing among all 198; the key columns are the publishers’ own values.
| Country | Standing | Out-of-School Rate, PrimaryOut-of-school rate, primary age (%) | Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before PrimaryChildren one year before primary entry age in organised learning (%) | Upper Secondary Completion RateUpper secondary completion rate (%) | Government Spending on EducationGovernment expenditure on education (% of GDP) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Greececompare | 2nd | 0.11 | 99.53 | 95.22 | — |
| Türkiye | 28th | 0.603 | 98.02 | 78.12 | — |
 Azerbaijan | =38th | 0.027 | 83.49 | 95.87 | 3.66 |
 Bulgaria | =67th | 5.903 | 94.6 | 87.21 | — |
 Georgia | 81st | 6.167 | — | 92.53 | 3.709 |
 Irancompare | 104th | 0.103 | 59.82 | 75.5 | 2.824 |
 Armenia | =114th | 1.084 | 31.98 | 94.42 | 2.439 |
 Syria | 179th | 21.81 | 46.51 | 36.81 | — |
 Iraq | not placed | — | — | 57.15 | — |
“—”: no published reading in that edition. What a standing is
Across Western Asia
Every country in the sub-region, by its place among all 198.
Placed either side on education & knowledge
The countries immediately above and below Türkiye in the topic’s list.
04Context, no vote
Where Türkiye is ahead of the world, and behind
32 more statistics filed under education & knowledge, published in full and deliberately given no vote in the standing. Select a row for the publisher, the rank and the links.
Ahead of the world median19
Statistics on which Türkiye does better than the middle country measured.
Expected Years of SchoolingUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 13.3419.8313.34▲ Improved since 2013
Türkiye: 19.83 · world median 13.34 · Expected years of schooling. UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 5.635 to 21.69; higher is better.
Position 4th of 195 · derived.
Minimum Proficiency in Mathematics, End of PrimaryUIS · 2023 · world median 43.878.6443.8No earlier reading
Türkiye: 78.64 · world median 43.8 · Pupils at the end of primary reaching minimum proficiency in mathematics (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 1.8 to 93.42; higher is better.
Wealth Parity Index, Lower Secondary CompletionUIS · 2024 · world median 0.5290.9320.529No earlier reading
Türkiye: 0.932 · world median 0.529 · Adjusted wealth parity index, lower secondary completion (poorest vs richest fifth; 1 = parity). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0.032 to 1.022; higher is better.
Primary Schools with Internet for TeachingUIS · 2024 · world median 98.6610098.66No real change since 2016
Türkiye: 100 · world median 98.66 · Primary schools with internet access for teaching (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 100; higher is better.
Harmonized Test ScoresWorld Bank Group · 2020 · world median 414.32477.96414.32▲ Improved since 2010
Türkiye: 477.96 · world median 414.32 · Harmonized test score (TIMSS-equivalent points; 300 = minimum, 625 = advanced attainment). World Bank Group, 2020 edition, data for 2020.
Published values in that edition run from 304.92 to 575.27; higher is better.
Position 42nd of 172 · derived.
Researchers per Million InhabitantsUIS · 2024 · world median 701.952,645701.95No earlier reading
Türkiye: 2,645 · world median 701.95 · Researchers per million inhabitants (full-time equivalent). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 1.446 to 18,130; higher is better.
Position 37th of 145 · derived.
Lower Secondary Completion RateUIS · 2025 · world median 89.2197.5989.21▲ Improved since 2015
Türkiye: 97.59 · world median 89.21 · Lower secondary completion rate (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 13.73 to 100; higher is better.
Position 44th of 164 · derived.
Learning-Adjusted Years of SchoolWorld Bank Group · 2020 · world median 7.9419.2277.941▲ Improved since 2010
Türkiye: 9.227 · world median 7.941 · Learning-adjusted years of school (0–14). World Bank Group, 2020 edition, data for 2020.
Published values in that edition run from 2.207 to 12.81; higher is better.
Position 51st of 172 · derived.
Adult Literacy RateUIS · 2024 · world median 93.9997.2693.99No earlier reading
Türkiye: 97.26 · world median 93.99 · Adults 15+ who can read and write (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 26.83 to 100; higher is better.
Position 57th of 172 · derived.
Minimum Proficiency in Reading, End of PrimaryUIS · 2023 · world median 60.0885.8960.08No earlier reading
Türkiye: 85.89 · world median 60.08 · Pupils at the end of primary reaching minimum proficiency in reading (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 2 to 98.78; higher is better.
Research and Development SpendingUIS · 2023 · world median 0.8141.4220.814▲ Improved since 2013
Türkiye: 1.422 · world median 0.814 · Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.006 to 6.346; higher is better.
Position 29th of 84 · derived.
Minimum Proficiency in Reading, End of Lower SecondaryUIS · 2022 · world median 58.5970.7458.59No earlier reading
Türkiye: 70.74 · world median 58.59 · Students at the end of lower secondary reaching minimum proficiency in reading (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 5.043 to 88.83; higher is better.
Learning PovertyWorld Bank Group and UNESCO Institute for Statistics · 2023 · world median 34.0218.5134.02No earlier reading
Türkiye: 18.51 · world median 34.02 · 10-year-olds who cannot read and understand a simple text (%). World Bank Group and UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 2.331 to 98.5; lower is better.
Position 77th of 125 · derived, 1st = worst.
Minimum Proficiency in Mathematics, End of Lower SecondaryUIS · 2023 · world median 48.959.4948.9No earlier reading
Türkiye: 59.49 · world median 48.9 · Students at the end of lower secondary reaching minimum proficiency in mathematics (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.73 to 91.73; higher is better.
PISA Science PerformanceOECD · 2022 · world median 446.93475.94446.93▲ Improved since 2012
Türkiye: 475.94 · world median 446.93 · Mean science score. OECD, 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 347.1 to 561.43; higher is better.
Position 34th of 79 · derived.
PISA Reading PerformanceOECD · 2022 · world median 440.35456.08440.35▲ Improved since 2012
Türkiye: 456.08 · world median 440.35 · Mean reading score. OECD, 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 328.84 to 542.55; higher is better.
Position 36th of 79 · derived.
Bachelor's or Higher AttainmentUIS · 2023 · world median 19.8621.8619.86▲ Improved since 2021
Türkiye: 21.86 · world median 19.86 · Adults 25+ who completed a bachelor's degree or higher (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 1.135 to 52.72; higher is better.
Position 42nd of 90 · derived.
Primary Completion RateUIS · 2025 · world median 97.4398.0497.43No real change since 2015
Türkiye: 98.04 · world median 97.43 · Primary completion rate (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 7.94 to 100; higher is better.
Position 80th of 165 · derived.
PISA Mathematics PerformanceOECD · 2022 · world median 442.09453.15442.09▲ Improved since 2012
Türkiye: 453.15 · world median 442.09 · Mean mathematics score. OECD, 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 336.4 to 574.66; higher is better.
Position 39th of 79 · derived.
Behind the world median6
Statistics on which Türkiye does worse than the middle country measured.
Mean Years of SchoolingUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 9.9338.9869.933▲ Improved since 2013
Türkiye: 8.986 · world median 9.933 · Mean years of schooling (adults 25+). UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 1.412 to 14.3; higher is better.
Position 111th of 193 · derived.
Youth Literacy RateUIS · 2024 · world median 98.2292.2398.22No earlier reading
Türkiye: 92.23 · world median 98.22 · 15–24 year-olds who can read and write (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 36.7 to 100; higher is better.
Intergenerational Persistence in EducationWorld Bank Group · 2017 · world median 0.4460.5080.446No earlier reading
Türkiye: 0.508 · world median 0.446 · Correlation between own and parents' years of schooling, born 1980–89 (0–1). World Bank Group, 2017 edition, data for 2017.
Published values in that edition run from 0.123 to 0.66; lower is better.
Position 43rd of 153 · derived, 1st = worst.
Upper Secondary AttainmentUIS · 2023 · world median 65.7641.0665.76No real change since 2013
Türkiye: 41.06 · world median 65.76 · Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 5.26 to 97.89; higher is better.
Position 72nd of 95 · derived.
Academic Freedom IndexV-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · 2025 · world median 0.6190.0880.619▼ Worsened since 2015
Türkiye: 0.088 · world median 0.619 · Academic freedom index (0–1). V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0.019 to 0.978; higher is better.
Position 162nd of 176 · derived.
Government Funding per Primary StudentUIS · 2022 · world median 17.818.91617.81▼ Worsened since 2012
Türkiye: 8.916 · world median 17.81 · Government funding per primary student (% of GDP per capita). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 3.771 to 34.57; higher is better.
Position 63rd of 68 · derived.
Level with the median, or no median to compare1
Primary Schools with ElectricityUIS · 2024 · world median 100100100No real change since 2016
Türkiye: 100 · world median 100 · Primary schools with access to electricity (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 1.246 to 100; higher is better.
No better end6
These describe the shape of a country — more is not better or worse, only different — so they are never ahead or behind.
Scholarly ArticlesOurResearch · 2025 · world median 2,240138,7312,240No real change since 2022
Türkiye: 138,731 · world median 2,240 · Articles with at least one author at an institution in the country (full counting). OpenAlex (OurResearch), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 1 to 1,094,890.
Nobel Prize Laureates by Country of BirthNobel Prize Outreach · 2025 · world median 242No earlier reading
Türkiye: 4 · world median 2 · Laureates born in the country, 1901 to date (people). Nobel Prize Outreach, 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 1 to 296.
Trust in ScientistsWellcome Trust · 2020 · world median 34.3535.9334.35Moved since 2018
Türkiye: 35.93 · world median 34.35 · People aged 15+ who trust scientists in their country 'a lot' (%). Wellcome Trust, 2020 edition, data for 2020.
Published values in that edition run from 9.335 to 72.35.
Female Share of ResearchersUIS · 2024 · world median 38.1737.3538.17No earlier reading
Türkiye: 37.35 · world median 38.17 · Researchers who are women (% of headcount; 50 = parity). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 76.54.
Female Share of STEM GraduatesUIS · 2023 · world median 35.334.235.3Moved since 2014
Türkiye: 34.2 · world median 35.3 · STEM graduates who are women (%; 50 = parity). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 8.333 to 55.96.
Share of Graduates from ICT ProgrammesUIS · 2023 · world median 5.6013.1765.601Moved since 2014
Türkiye: 3.176 · world median 5.601 · Tertiary graduates from ICT programmes (% of all graduates). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 17.19.
No current reading for Türkiye
Gender Parity Index, Tertiary Enrolment (last 2023), Government Spending on Education (last 2022), Inbound Mobility Rate, Tertiary (last 2023), Out-of-School Rate, Lower Secondary Age (last 2023), Out-of-School Rate, Primary (last 2023), Outbound Mobility Ratio, Tertiary (last 2022), Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary (last 2023), Pre-Primary Net Enrolment Rate (last 2023), Pupils per Qualified Teacher, Primary, Qualified Teachers in Primary Education, School Life Expectancy (last 2023), Secondary School Enrolment (last 2023) and Tertiary Enrolment Ratio (last 2023). Listed rather than hidden, so the page can be checked against it.
“Position · derived” is this site’s ordering of the published values, 1st = best unless the row says otherwise; the publisher ranks no country on it. Rank, position and standing
05Country Index 2026
Education & Knowledge among Türkiye’s 16 topics
Education & Knowledge is Türkiye’s best-placed topic of 16. Strongest first, each marker at its share of that topic’s field.
- Education & Knowledge28th of 1983/4 keys
- Food & Agriculture36th of 1843/4 keys
- Mobility & Trade52nd of 1774/4 keys
- Health & Wellbeing59th of 2003/4 keys
- Development & Human Capitaljoint 58th of 1963/3 keys
- Digital & Technology70th of 1984/4 keys
- Poverty & Inequality57th of 1593/3 keys
- Economy & Innovation64th of 1764/4 keys
- Energy72nd of 1653/3 keys
- Governance & Institutionsjoint 115th of 1944/4 keys
- Risk & Resilience120th of 1934/4 keys
- Gender & Equalityjoint 131st of 1834/4 keys
- Democracy & Civil Liberties154th of 1984/4 keys
- Work & Labour151st of 1824/4 keys
- Environment & Sustainability156th of 1864/4 keys
- Peace & Security157th of 1774/4 keys
06The top of the list
Who leads on education & knowledge
The three countries placed highest of 198, and the leaders Türkiye can most readily be measured against.
1
United Arab EmiratesWestern Asia
1st of 198 · 2 of 4 keys
Photo: Unknown author · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
2GreeceSouthern Europe
2nd of 198 · 3 of 4 keys
Photo: User:Ggia derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
3
PolandEastern Europe
3rd of 198 · 3 of 4 keys
Photo: Ralf Lotys (Sicherlich) · CC BY 3.0, greyscale
Placed highest nearby
Highest placed on all 4 keys
Moldova7th4/4 keysHighest in Asia
United Arab Emirates1st2/4 keysThis page
Türkiye28th3/4 keys
Positions out of 198 placed on the topic. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed, and the top of the list is often held on fewer of them.
07Questions
Türkiye on education & knowledge: questions answered
Every answer is built from the numbers on this page, so none can say something the page does not.
How does Türkiye rank on education & knowledge?
Türkiye is placed 28th of 198 countries on Education & Knowledge in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 4 key statistics (Out-of-School Rate, Primary, Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary and Upper Secondary Completion Rate). The position is this site’s ordering of published statistics, not a rank any publisher printed.
What is the latest Out-of-School Rate, Primary figure for Türkiye?
0.603 in 2024 (out-of-school rate, primary age (%)), according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). The world median in the same edition was 3.691.
What is the latest Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary figure for Türkiye?
98.02 in 2024 (children one year before primary entry age in organised learning (%)), according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). The world median in the same edition was 85.9.
How does Türkiye compare with Iran on education & knowledge?
Iran is placed 104th of 198, and Türkiye 28th. Out-of-School Rate, Primary: Iran 0.103, Türkiye 0.603; Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary: Iran 59.82, Türkiye 98.02; Upper Secondary Completion Rate: Iran 75.5, Türkiye 78.12.
How have Türkiye’s education & knowledge figures changed?
Out-of-School Rate, Primary rose from 0.008 in 2013 to 0.603 in 2023; Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary rose from 29.07 in 2004 to 98.02 in 2023; Upper Secondary Completion Rate rose from 40.07 in 2000 to 78.12 in 2025; Government Spending on Education fell from 4.222 in 2011 to 3.096 in 2022.
Which education & knowledge statistics are missing for Türkiye?
No current reading is published for Türkiye on Gender Parity Index, Tertiary Enrolment, Government Spending on Education, Inbound Mobility Rate, Tertiary, Out-of-School Rate, Lower Secondary Age, Out-of-School Rate, Primary, Outbound Mobility Ratio, Tertiary, Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary, Pre-Primary Net Enrolment Rate, Pupils per Qualified Teacher, Primary, Qualified Teachers in Primary Education, School Life Expectancy, Secondary School Enrolment and Tertiary Enrolment Ratio. They are listed rather than hidden, so the evidence on the page can be checked against it.
08Method
Method, sources and how to cite
What this topic does not measure
How much children actually learn is only partly covered. International test scores exist for a limited group of countries, and they are published here as context rather than used as a key, because a key must describe most of the world. Universities, research, and youth and adult literacy also appear as context.
How the Education & Knowledge standing is decided
A standing is this site’s ordering, named with its edition — never a publisher’s rank. 4 key statistics vote, one vote each; every country’s published value becomes a place within that key’s own field, the places are averaged, and the average is never published. A country needs 2 of the 4 keys to be placed.
The education & knowledge method, step by stepHow every standing on this site is built
The key statistics and their licences
- Out-of-School Rate, Primary — UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), CC BY-SA 4.0
- Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary — UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), CC BY-SA 4.0
- Upper Secondary Completion Rate — UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), CC BY-SA 4.0
- Government Spending on Education — UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), CC BY-SA 4.0
The other 32 statistics on this page come from 9 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Photographs
Türkiye’s banner and the countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.
- Türkiye (banner) — Moonik, CC BY-SA 3.0
- United Arab Emirates — Unknown author, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Greece — User:Ggia derivative work: Jjtkk, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Poland — Ralf Lotys (Sicherlich), CC BY 3.0
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Türkiye: Education & Knowledge — standing and statistics, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/turkiye/education