Photo: AMISOM · CC0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale
Topic 13 of 18 · Country Index 2026
Somalia: Food & Agriculture
What does a country grow, and what does it take to grow it?
Somalia is placed 184th of 184 countries on food & agriculture in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 4 key statistics. Readings behind it: Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy) 2.33 (2024); Cereal Yield 503.5 (2023).
Share
Food & Agriculture
184th
of 184 countries placed
Placed from 3 of 4 key statistics
- 2.33Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy), 2024Current status score, from 1 (worst) to 5 (best), averaged over up to seven sub-indicators
- 503.5Cereal Yield, 2023Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
- 1,757Dietary Energy Supply, 2024Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)
- —Agriculture Orientation Index, 2024No reading for this country
01The evidence
The 4 key statistics that decide it
Only these place Somalia on food & agriculture — one vote each. Every value is the publisher’s own, read at the edition the Country Index 2026 used; the grey ticks are every other country it was compared with, lowest on the left.
Key 1 of 4
Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2024 edition · data for 2024 · CC BY 4.0
2.33
Current status score, from 1 (worst) to 5 (best), averaged over up to seven sub-indicators
Higher is better
Somalia: 2.33. Across the 186 countries in this edition, values run from 1.67 (Tuvalu) to 4.57 (Italy); the world median is 3.14.
- World median
- 3.14
- Best in Eastern Africa
- 3.67 Seychelles
- Land neighbours
- Ethiopia 2.86 · Kenya 2.86
Key 2 of 4
Cereal Yield
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2023 edition · data for 2023 · CC BY 4.0
503.5
Cereal yield (kg per hectare)
Higher is better
Somalia: 503.5. Across the 179 countries in this edition, values run from 23 (Cabo Verde) to 29,147 (Oman); the world median is 3,072.
- World median
- 3,072
- Best in Eastern Africa
- 11,643 Mauritius
- Land neighbours
- Ethiopia 2,656 · Kenya 1,758
Key 3 of 4
Dietary Energy Supply
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2024 edition · data for 2024 · CC BY 4.0
1,757
Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)
Higher is better
Somalia: 1,757. Across the 155 countries in this edition, values run from 1,757 (Somalia) to 3,962 (United States); the world median is 2,982.
- World median
- 2,982
- Best in Eastern Africa
- 3,319 Mauritius
- Land neighbours
- Ethiopia 2,539 · Kenya 2,187
Key 4 of 4
Agriculture Orientation Index
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2024 edition · data for 2024 · CC BY 4.0
No reading
Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)
Higher is better
FAO publishes no 2024 figure for Somalia, so the standing rests on the other keys.
Across the 132 countries in this edition, values run from 0.03 (Ghana) to 5.38 (Singapore); the world median is 0.305.
- World median
- 0.305
- Best in Eastern Africa
- 2.21 Zambia
- Land neighbours
- Ethiopia 0.09 · Kenya 0.12
02Over time
Which way Somalia is moving
Each key’s published value, edition by edition, beside the world median. The Country Index 2026 is the first edition of the standing, so the standing itself has no history to chart yet.
Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy)
Current status score, from 1 (worst) to 5 (best), averaged over up to seven sub-indicators · higher is better
SomaliaWorld median
Somalia was at 2.33 in both 2015 and 2024; the world median went from 3.14 to 3.14.
Every year’s figures
Year Somalia World median 2024 2 3.1 2023 2 3.1 2022 2 3.2 2021 2 3.1 2020 2 3.1 2019 2 3.1 2018 2 3.2 2017 2 3.1 2016 2 3.1 2015 2 3.1 Cereal Yield
Cereal yield (kg per hectare) · higher is better
SomaliaWorld median
Somalia fell from 733 in 2000 to 503.5 in 2023; the world median went from 2,170 to 3,072.
Every year’s figures
Year Somalia World median 2023 503.5 3,072 2022 396.0 3,217 2021 314.0 3,003 2020 503.5 3,260 2019 523.3 3,106 2018 710.2 2,883 2017 506.6 2,984 2016 507.3 3,043 2015 593.8 3,000 2014 582.9 3,001 2013 964.0 2,970 2012 1,190.0 2,782 2011 457.2 2,754 2010 575.2 2,647 2009 416.4 2,653 2008 557.5 2,664 2007 605.8 2,553 2006 493.7 2,514 2005 650.9 2,512 2004 581.1 2,428 2003 688.0 2,331 2002 769.8 2,378 2001 812.7 2,199 2000 733.0 2,170 Dietary Energy Supply
Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day) · higher is better
SomaliaWorld median
Somalia rose from 1,554 in 2001 to 1,757 in 2024; the world median went from 2,628 to 2,982.
Every year’s figures
Year Somalia World median 2024 1,757 2,982.0 2023 1,786 2,969.0 2022 1,815 2,962.5 2021 1,816 2,967.0 2020 1,807 2,934.0 2019 1,779 2,912.5 2018 1,746 2,893.0 2017 1,711 2,886.0 2016 1,696 2,863.0 2015 1,690 2,835.0 2014 1,684 2,844.0 2013 1,662 2,856.0 2012 1,608 2,838.0 2011 1,550 2,827.5 2010 1,530 2,808.0 2009 1,532 2,818.0 2008 1,554 2,811.0 2007 1,554 2,810.5 2006 1,554 2,772.0 2005 1,554 2,740.5 2004 1,554 2,712.5 2003 1,554 2,685.0 2002 1,554 2,667.0 2001 1,554 2,628.0 Agriculture Orientation Index
Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size) · higher is better
SomaliaWorld median
Somalia was at 0.02 in both 2017 and 2023; the world median went from 0.26 to 0.305.
Every year’s figures
Year Somalia World median 2024 — 0.305 2023 0.02 0.305 2022 0.02 0.290 2021 0.02 0.260 2020 0.01 0.255 2019 0.02 0.265 2018 0.02 0.270 2017 0.02 0.260 2016 — 0.285 2015 — 0.305 2014 — 0.300 2013 — 0.285 2012 — 0.330 2011 — 0.290 2010 — 0.320 2009 — 0.370 2008 — 0.390 2007 — 0.410 2006 — 0.355 2005 — 0.325 2004 — 0.320 2003 — 0.320 2002 — 0.340 2001 — 0.360
03In context
Somalia beside its neighbours
A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place among all 184 countries on food & agriculture, never a place within the region.
Somalia and the countries it borders
Standing among all 184; the key columns are the publishers’ own values.
| Country | Standing | Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy)Current status score, from 1 (worst) to 5 (best), averaged over up to seven sub-indicators | Cereal YieldCereal yield (kg per hectare) | Dietary Energy SupplyDietary energy supply (kcal per person per day) | Agriculture Orientation IndexAgriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Ethiopia | 145th | 2.86 | 2,656 | 2,539 | 0.09 |
 Kenya | =158th | 2.86 | 1,758 | 2,187 | 0.12 |
| Somalia | 184th | 2.33 | 503.5 | 1,757 | — |
| Somaliland | not placed | — | — | — | — |
“—”: no published reading in that edition. What a standing is
Across Eastern Africa
Every country in the sub-region, by its place among all 184.
Placed either side on food & agriculture
The countries immediately above and below Somalia in the topic’s list.
DR Congo181st
Sudan182nd
Chad183rd- Somalia184th
04Context, no vote
Where Somalia is ahead of the world, and behind
16 more statistics filed under food & agriculture, published in full and deliberately given no vote in the standing. Select a row for the publisher, the rank and the links.
Ahead of the world median1
Statistics on which Somalia does better than the middle country measured.
Per Capita Food Supply VariabilityFAO · 2024 · world median 29729▲ Improved since 2014
Somalia: 7 · world median 29 · Year-to-year variability of the food supply (kcal per person per day). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 4 to 227; lower is better.
Behind the world median6
Statistics on which Somalia does worse than the middle country measured.
Global Report on Food CrisesFSIN · 2024 · world median 222322▲ Improved since 2016
Somalia: 23 · world median 22 · In IPC Phase 3+ (% of analysed population). Food Security Information Network (FSIN), 2025 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 3 to 56; lower is better.
Position 21st of 44 · derived, 1st = worst.
Crop Production IndexFAO · 2022 · world median 106.23101.37106.23▼ Worsened since 2012
Somalia: 101.37 · world median 106.23 · Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 53.79 to 189.93; higher is better.
Position 123rd of 195 · derived.
Food Production IndexFAO · 2022 · world median 106.0898.94106.08▼ Worsened since 2012
Somalia: 98.94 · world median 106.08 · Food production index (2014–2016 = 100). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 71.08 to 177.49; higher is better.
Position 148th of 195 · derived.
Livestock Production IndexFAO · 2022 · world median 107.0698.64107.06▼ Worsened since 2012
Somalia: 98.64 · world median 107.06 · Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 35.52 to 190.08; higher is better.
Position 149th of 194 · derived.
Agricultural Emissions IntensityFAO · 2023 · world median 1.56510.071.565No real change since 2013
Somalia: 10.07 · world median 1.565 · Greenhouse gases from farming per value of agricultural output (kg CO₂eq per international dollar). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 28.2; lower is better.
Position 8th of 190 · derived, 1st = worst.
Prevalence of UndernourishmentFAO · 2023 · world median 5.253.25.2No real change since 2013
Somalia: 53.2 · world median 5.2 · Population undernourished (%). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 2.5 to 54.2; lower is better.
Position 2nd of 104 · derived, 1st = worst.
No better end9
These describe the shape of a country — more is not better or worse, only different — so they are never ahead or behind.
Water Withdrawal by SectorFAO · 2022 · world median 62.1499.4862.14No real change since 2012
Somalia: 99.48 · world median 62.14 · Freshwater withdrawn for agriculture (% of total). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 99.48.
Position 1st of 171 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Agricultural LandFAO · 2023 · world median 37.9670.3437.96No real change since 2013
Somalia: 70.34 · world median 37.96 · Agricultural land (% of land area). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.445 to 86.48.
Position 19th of 209 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Agricultural EmissionsFAO · 2023 · world median 8,63523,4868,635No real change since 2013
Somalia: 23,486 · world median 8,635 · Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 1,044,508.
Position 63rd of 193 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Employment in AgricultureILO · 2025 · world median 14.3830.0314.38Moved since 2015
Somalia: 30.03 · world median 14.38 · Employment in agriculture (% of total employment). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.
Published values in that edition run from 0.095 to 85.34.
Position 58th of 182 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Fisheries and Aquaculture ProductionFAO · 2024 · world median 52,37597,87152,375Moved since 2014
Somalia: 97,871 · world median 52,375 · Fish, crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic animals caught or farmed, tonnes (live weight). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 70,500,841.
Land Under Cereal ProductionFAO · 2023 · world median 689,278353,642689,278No real change since 2013
Somalia: 353,642 · world median 689,278 · Land under cereal production (hectares). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 103,715,108.
Position 105th of 179 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Arable Land per PersonFAO · 2023 · world median 0.1090.060.109Moved since 2013
Somalia: 0.06 · world median 0.109 · Arable land (hectares per person). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 1.459.
Position 144th of 206 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Pesticide Use per HectareFAO · 2024 · world median 1.730.661.73Moved since 2014
Somalia: 0.66 · world median 1.73 · Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.
Published values in that edition run from 0 to 37.72.
Position 135th of 178 · derived, counted from the highest value.
Livestock DensityFAO · 2023 · world median 0.5350.220.535No real change since 2013
Somalia: 0.22 · world median 0.535 · Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.
Published values in that edition run from 0.02 to 43.97.
Position 153rd of 188 · derived, counted from the highest value.
No current reading for Somalia
Agricultural Irrigated Land, Agriculture Orientation Index (last 2023), Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added (% of GDP) (last 1990), Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added per Worker, Cereal Import Dependency Ratio, Cropland Nitrogen Balance, Fertilizer Consumption per Hectare (last 2022), Fish and Seafood Supply per Person, Fruit Supply per Person, Legal Guarantees of Women's Equal Rights to Land, Meat Supply per Person, Organic Agricultural Area, Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity, Share of Dietary Energy Supply from Cereals, Roots and Tubers, Vegetable Supply per Person and Women's Share of Agricultural Landowners. Listed rather than hidden, so the page can be checked against it.
“Position · derived” is this site’s ordering of the published values, 1st = best unless the row says otherwise; the publisher ranks no country on it. Rank, position and standing
05Country Index 2026
Food & Agriculture among Somalia’s 15 topics
Food & Agriculture is Somalia’s 14th best-placed topic of 15. Strongest first, each marker at its share of that topic’s field.
- Environment & Sustainability26th of 1863/4 keys
- Energy97th of 1652/3 keys
- Mobility & Trade159th of 1773/4 keys
- Gender & Equalityjoint 168th of 1834/4 keys
- Democracy & Civil Liberties182nd of 1983/4 keys
- Governance & Institutions180th of 1944/4 keys
- Digital & Technologyjoint 185th of 1983/4 keys
- Peace & Security170th of 1773/4 keys
- Work & Labour180th of 1824/4 keys
- Development & Human Capitaljoint 194th of 1963/3 keys
- Education & Knowledge197th of 1982/4 keys
- Health & Wellbeing199th of 2002/4 keys
- Economy & Innovation176th of 1762/4 keys
- Food & Agriculture184th of 1843/4 keys
- Risk & Resilience193rd of 1933/4 keys
No standing on Poverty & Inequality: too few of those topics’ key statistics are published for this country.
06The top of the list
Who leads on food & agriculture
The three countries placed highest of 184, and the leaders Somalia can most readily be measured against.
1
SerbiaSouthern Europe
1st of 184 · 4 of 4 keys
Photo: Lošmi derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
2
AustriaWestern Europe
2nd of 184 · 4 of 4 keys
Photo: chensiyuan · CC BY-SA 4.0, greyscale
3
MaltaSouthern Europe
3rd of 184 · 3 of 4 keys
Photo: Dirk Heldmaier derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale
Placed highest nearby
Highest in Africa
Seychelles31st2/4 keysThis page
Somalia184th3/4 keys
Positions out of 184 placed on the topic. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed, and the top of the list is often held on fewer of them.
07Questions
Somalia on food & agriculture: questions answered
Every answer is built from the numbers on this page, so none can say something the page does not.
How does Somalia rank on food & agriculture?
Somalia is placed 184th of 184 countries on Food & Agriculture in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 4 key statistics (Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy), Cereal Yield and Dietary Energy Supply). The position is this site’s ordering of published statistics, not a rank any publisher printed.
What is the latest Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy) figure for Somalia?
2.33 in 2024 (current status score, from 1 (worst) to 5 (best), averaged over up to seven sub-indicators), according to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The world median in the same edition was 3.14.
What is the latest Cereal Yield figure for Somalia?
503.5 in 2023 (cereal yield (kg per hectare)), according to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The world median in the same edition was 3,072.
How does Somalia compare with Ethiopia on food & agriculture?
Ethiopia is placed 145th of 184, and Somalia 184th. Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy): Ethiopia 2.86, Somalia 2.33; Cereal Yield: Ethiopia 2,656, Somalia 503.5; Dietary Energy Supply: Ethiopia 2,539, Somalia 1,757.
How have Somalia’s food & agriculture figures changed?
Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy) was 2.33 in both 2015 and 2024; Cereal Yield fell from 733 in 2000 to 503.5 in 2023; Dietary Energy Supply rose from 1,554 in 2001 to 1,757 in 2024; Agriculture Orientation Index was 0.02 in both 2017 and 2023.
Which food & agriculture statistics are missing for Somalia?
No current reading is published for Somalia on Agricultural Irrigated Land, Agriculture Orientation Index, Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added (% of GDP), Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added per Worker, Cereal Import Dependency Ratio, Cropland Nitrogen Balance, Fertilizer Consumption per Hectare, Fish and Seafood Supply per Person, Fruit Supply per Person, Legal Guarantees of Women's Equal Rights to Land, Meat Supply per Person, Organic Agricultural Area, Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity, Share of Dietary Energy Supply from Cereals, Roots and Tubers, Vegetable Supply per Person and Women's Share of Agricultural Landowners. They are listed rather than hidden, so the evidence on the page can be checked against it.
08Method
Method, sources and how to cite
What this topic does not measure
This subject is about production and land use, not about whether people are fed. Hunger, undernourishment and what a population actually eats are measured under Health & Wellbeing, and the two regularly disagree — a country can grow a great deal and still leave many people short, and one that grows little can be well fed by trade. The wider environmental cost of farming — emissions, water withdrawal, forest cover — is filed under Environment & Sustainability.
How the Food & Agriculture standing is decided
A standing is this site’s ordering, named with its edition — never a publisher’s rank. 4 key statistics vote, one vote each; every country’s published value becomes a place within that key’s own field, the places are averaged, and the average is never published. A country needs 2 of the 4 keys to be placed.
The food & agriculture method, step by stepHow every standing on this site is built
The key statistics and their licences
- Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy) — Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), CC BY 4.0
- Cereal Yield — Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), CC BY 4.0
- Dietary Energy Supply — Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), CC BY 4.0
- Agriculture Orientation Index — Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), CC BY 4.0
The other 16 statistics on this page come from 3 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.
The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Photographs
Somalia’s banner and the countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.
- Somalia (banner) — AMISOM, CC0
- Serbia — Lošmi derivative work: Jjtkk, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Austria — chensiyuan, CC BY-SA 4.0
- Malta — Dirk Heldmaier derivative work: Jjtkk, CC BY-SA 3.0
Cite this page
Nations Inquiry (2026). Somalia: Food & Agriculture — standing and statistics, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/somalia/food