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Panorama of Vianden, Luxembourg.

Photo: Michal Osmenda from Brussels, Belgium · CC BY-SA 2.0 · via Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale

Education & Knowledge

17th

of 198 countries placed

Placed from 3 of 4 key statistics

01The evidence

The 4 key statistics that decide it

Only these place Luxembourg on education & knowledge — one vote each. Every value is the publisher’s own, read at the edition the Country Index 2026 used — or, for a survey-based key, each country’s latest reading; the grey ticks are every other country it was compared with, lowest on the left.

Why these keys
  1. Key 1 of 4

    Out-of-School Rate, Primary

    UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)

    Why it is a key

    Latest reading per country, 2014–2024 · Luxembourg’s is from 2024 · CC BY-SA 4.0

    0.256

    Out-of-school rate, primary age (%)

    Lower is better

    Luxembourg: 0.256. Across the 192 countries at their latest reading, values run from 0.004 (United Arab Emirates) to 65.6 (Equatorial Guinea); the world median is 3.691.

    World median
    3.691
    Best in Western Europe
    0.143 Switzerland
    Land neighbours
    Belgium 1.658 · Germany 0.274 · France 0.204
  2. Key 2 of 4

    Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary

    UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)

    Why it is a key

    Latest reading per country, 2014–2024 · Luxembourg’s is from 2024 · CC BY-SA 4.0

    99.45

    Children one year before primary entry age in organised learning (%)

    Higher is better

    Luxembourg: 99.45. Across the 187 countries at their latest reading, values run from 3.411 (Yemen) to 100 (United Arab Emirates); the world median is 85.9.

    World median
    85.9
    Best in Western Europe
    99.76 France
    Land neighbours
    Belgium 98.31 · Germany 98.37 · France 99.76
  3. Key 3 of 4

    Upper Secondary Completion Rate

    UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)

    Why it is a key

    2025 edition · data for 2025 · CC BY-SA 4.0

    81.68

    Upper secondary completion rate (%)

    Higher is better

    Luxembourg: 81.68. Across the 164 countries in this edition, values run from 2.13 (South Sudan) to 99.27 (South Korea); the world median is 64.87.

    World median
    64.87
    Best in Western Europe
    92.96 Switzerland
    Land neighbours
    Belgium 86.34 · Germany 80.95 · France 87.56
  4. Key 4 of 4

    Government Spending on Education

    UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)

    Why it is a key

    2023 edition · data for 2023 · CC BY-SA 4.0

    No reading

    Government expenditure on education (% of GDP)

    Higher is better

    UIS publishes no 2023 figure for Luxembourg, so the standing rests on the other keys.

    Across the 123 countries in this edition, values run from 0 (Somalia) to 16.39 (Kiribati); the world median is 3.709.

    World median
    3.709
    Best in Western Europe
    1.732 Monaco

03In context

Luxembourg beside its neighbours

A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place among all 198 countries on education & knowledge, never a place within the region.

Western Europe
1st198thNot placed · 26 countries with too few key statisticsNo data

The whole world on education & knowledge

Luxembourg and the countries it borders

Standing among all 198; the key columns are the publishers’ own values.

CountryStandingOut-of-School Rate, PrimaryOut-of-school rate, primary age (%)Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before PrimaryChildren one year before primary entry age in organised learning (%)Upper Secondary Completion RateUpper secondary completion rate (%)Government Spending on EducationGovernment expenditure on education (% of GDP)
France10th0.20499.7687.56—
Luxembourg17th0.25699.4581.68—
Germany=19th0.27498.3780.95—
Belgium29th1.65898.3186.34—

“—”: no published reading in that edition. What a standing is

Across Western Europe

Every country in the sub-region, by its place among all 198.

Placed either side on education & knowledge

The countries immediately above and below Luxembourg in the topic’s list.

04Context, no vote

Where Luxembourg is ahead of the world, and behind

29 more statistics filed under education & knowledge, published in full and deliberately given no vote in the standing. Select a row for the publisher, the rank and the links.

Every country

Ahead of the world median20

Statistics on which Luxembourg does better than the middle country measured.

  • Learning PovertyWorld Bank Group and UNESCO Institute for Statistics · 2023 · world median 34.022.95No earlier reading

    Luxembourg: 2.95 · world median 34.02 · 10-year-olds who cannot read and understand a simple text (%). World Bank Group and UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 2.331 to 98.5; lower is better.

    Position 124th of 125 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Minimum Proficiency in Reading, End of PrimaryUIS · 2023 · world median 60.0898.77No earlier reading

    Luxembourg: 98.77 · world median 60.08 · Pupils at the end of primary reaching minimum proficiency in reading (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 2 to 98.78; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Bachelor's or Higher AttainmentUIS · 2023 · world median 19.8641.85No real change since 2014

    Luxembourg: 41.85 · world median 19.86 · Adults 25+ who completed a bachelor's degree or higher (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 1.135 to 52.72; higher is better.

    Position 3rd of 90 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Inbound Mobility Rate, TertiaryUIS · 2024 · world median 5.49451.46▼ Worsened since 2015

    Luxembourg: 51.46 · world median 5.494 · Inbound mobility rate, tertiary (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 87.12; higher is better.

    Position 5th of 75 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Academic Freedom IndexV-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg · 2025 · world median 0.6190.918▲ Improved since 2015

    Luxembourg: 0.918 · world median 0.619 · Academic freedom index (0–1). V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.019 to 0.978; higher is better.

    Position 11th of 176 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Secondary School EnrolmentUIS · 2024 · world median 93.19108.58▲ Improved since 2014

    Luxembourg: 108.58 · world median 93.19 · Gross secondary enrolment ratio (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 19.87 to 158.55; higher is better.

    Position 15th of 109 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Pre-Primary Net Enrolment RateUIS · 2024 · world median 65.9395.82▲ Improved since 2014

    Luxembourg: 95.82 · world median 65.93 · Net enrolment rate, pre-primary (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 1.779 to 99.85; higher is better.

    Position 17th of 120 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Researchers per Million InhabitantsUIS · 2024 · world median 701.955,359No earlier reading

    Luxembourg: 5,359 · world median 701.95 · Researchers per million inhabitants (full-time equivalent). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 1.446 to 18,130; higher is better.

    Position 22nd of 145 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Mean Years of SchoolingUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 9.93312.59▼ Worsened since 2013

    Luxembourg: 12.59 · world median 9.933 · Mean years of schooling (adults 25+). UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 1.412 to 14.3; higher is better.

    Position 30th of 193 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Out-of-School Rate, Lower Secondary AgeUIS · 2024 · world median 6.3431.697▲ Improved since 2014

    Luxembourg: 1.697 · world median 6.343 · Out-of-school rate, lower secondary age (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.011 to 79.71; lower is better.

    Position 93rd of 116 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Harmonized Test ScoresWorld Bank Group · 2020 · world median 414.32492.85▲ Improved since 2010

    Luxembourg: 492.85 · world median 414.32 · Harmonized test score (TIMSS-equivalent points; 300 = minimum, 625 = advanced attainment). World Bank Group, 2020 edition, data for 2020.

    Published values in that edition run from 304.92 to 575.27; higher is better.

    Position 36th of 172 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2020 dataset

  • Minimum Proficiency in Mathematics, End of Lower SecondaryUIS · 2023 · world median 48.972.78No earlier reading

    Luxembourg: 72.78 · world median 48.9 · Students at the end of lower secondary reaching minimum proficiency in mathematics (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.73 to 91.73; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Learning-Adjusted Years of SchoolWorld Bank Group · 2020 · world median 7.9419.796▲ Improved since 2010

    Luxembourg: 9.796 · world median 7.941 · Learning-adjusted years of school (0–14). World Bank Group, 2020 edition, data for 2020.

    Published values in that edition run from 2.207 to 12.81; higher is better.

    Position 43rd of 172 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2020 dataset

  • Upper Secondary AttainmentUIS · 2023 · world median 65.7677.22▼ Worsened since 2013

    Luxembourg: 77.22 · world median 65.76 · Adults 25+ who completed upper secondary or higher (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 5.26 to 97.89; higher is better.

    Position 35th of 95 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Minimum Proficiency in Reading, End of Lower SecondaryUIS · 2022 · world median 58.5970.71No earlier reading

    Luxembourg: 70.71 · world median 58.59 · Students at the end of lower secondary reaching minimum proficiency in reading (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2022 edition, data for 2022.

    Published values in that edition run from 5.043 to 88.83; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2022 dataset

  • Expected Years of SchoolingUNDP Human Development Report Office · 2023 · world median 13.3414.36No real change since 2013

    Luxembourg: 14.36 · world median 13.34 · Expected years of schooling. UNDP Human Development Report Office, 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 5.635 to 21.69; higher is better.

    Position 79th of 195 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Research and Development SpendingUIS · 2023 · world median 0.8141.07▼ Worsened since 2013

    Luxembourg: 1.07 · world median 0.814 · Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.006 to 6.346; higher is better.

    Position 35th of 84 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Primary Completion RateUIS · 2025 · world median 97.4398.62▼ Worsened since 2015

    Luxembourg: 98.62 · world median 97.43 · Primary completion rate (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 7.94 to 100; higher is better.

    Position 68th of 165 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Lower Secondary Completion RateUIS · 2025 · world median 89.2189.75No real change since 2015

    Luxembourg: 89.75 · world median 89.21 · Lower secondary completion rate (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 13.73 to 100; higher is better.

    Position 79th of 164 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Government Funding per Primary StudentUIS · 2022 · world median 17.8117.86▼ Worsened since 2012

    Luxembourg: 17.86 · world median 17.81 · Government funding per primary student (% of GDP per capita). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2022 edition, data for 2022.

    Published values in that edition run from 3.771 to 34.57; higher is better.

    Position 34th of 68 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2022 dataset

Behind the world median3

Statistics on which Luxembourg does worse than the middle country measured.

  • Gender Parity Index, Tertiary EnrolmentUIS · 2024 · world median 1.2441.159▼ Worsened since 2015

    Luxembourg: 1.159 · world median 1.244 · Adjusted gender parity index, tertiary gross enrolment (1 = parity). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.74 to 1.83; higher is better.

    Position 27th of 95 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • School Life ExpectancyUIS · 2024 · world median 14.5914.46▲ Improved since 2015

    Luxembourg: 14.46 · world median 14.59 · School life expectancy, primary to tertiary (years). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 7.478 to 21.01; higher is better.

    Position 41st of 77 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Tertiary Enrolment RatioUIS · 2024 · world median 52.7722.41▼ Worsened since 2015

    Luxembourg: 22.41 · world median 52.77 · Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary (%). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 2.566 to 141.86; higher is better.

    Position 72nd of 95 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

No better end6

These describe the shape of a country — more is not better or worse, only different — so they are never ahead or behind.

  • Outbound Mobility Ratio, TertiaryUIS · 2023 · world median 5.279167.18No real change since 2015

    Luxembourg: 167.18 · world median 5.279 · Outbound mobility ratio, tertiary (% of tertiary enrolment at home). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.333 to 1,724.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Share of Graduates from ICT ProgrammesUIS · 2023 · world median 5.6019.682Moved since 2014

    Luxembourg: 9.682 · world median 5.601 · Tertiary graduates from ICT programmes (% of all graduates). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 17.19.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Scholarly ArticlesOurResearch · 2025 · world median 2,2402,708Moved since 2022

    Luxembourg: 2,708 · world median 2,240 · Articles with at least one author at an institution in the country (full counting). OpenAlex (OurResearch), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 1 to 1,094,890.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Nobel Prize Laureates by Country of BirthNobel Prize Outreach · 2025 · world median 22No earlier reading

    Luxembourg: 2 · world median 2 · Laureates born in the country, 1901 to date (people). Nobel Prize Outreach, 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 1 to 296.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Female Share of ResearchersUIS · 2024 · world median 38.1732.06No earlier reading

    Luxembourg: 32.06 · world median 38.17 · Researchers who are women (% of headcount; 50 = parity). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 76.54.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Female Share of STEM GraduatesUIS · 2023 · world median 35.332.16Moved since 2014

    Luxembourg: 32.16 · world median 35.3 · STEM graduates who are women (%; 50 = parity). UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 8.333 to 55.96.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

“Position · derived” is this site’s ordering of the published values, 1st = best unless the row says otherwise; the publisher ranks no country on it. Rank, position and standing

06The top of the list

Who leads on education & knowledge

The three countries placed highest of 198, and the leaders Luxembourg can most readily be measured against.

All 198 countries
  1. 1

    United Arab Emirates

    Western Asia

    1st of 198 · 2 of 4 keys

    Photo: Unknown author · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale

  2. 2

    Greece

    Southern Europe

    2nd of 198 · 3 of 4 keys

    Photo: User:Ggia derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale

  3. 3

    Poland

    Eastern Europe

    3rd of 198 · 3 of 4 keys

    Photo: Ralf Lotys (Sicherlich) · CC BY 3.0, greyscale

Placed highest nearby

  1. Highest placed on all 4 keys

    Moldova7th4/4 keys
  2. Highest in Europe

    Greece2nd3/4 keys
  3. Highest in Western Europe

    Switzerland9th3/4 keys
  4. This page

    Luxembourg17th3/4 keys

Positions out of 198 placed on the topic. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed, and the top of the list is often held on fewer of them.

07Questions

Luxembourg on education & knowledge: questions answered

Every answer is built from the numbers on this page, so none can say something the page does not.

How does Luxembourg rank on education & knowledge?

Luxembourg is placed 17th of 198 countries on Education & Knowledge in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 4 key statistics (Out-of-School Rate, Primary, Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary and Upper Secondary Completion Rate). The position is this site’s ordering of published statistics, not a rank any publisher printed.

What is the latest Out-of-School Rate, Primary figure for Luxembourg?

0.256 in 2024 (out-of-school rate, primary age (%)), according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). The world median in the same edition was 3.691.

What is the latest Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary figure for Luxembourg?

99.45 in 2024 (children one year before primary entry age in organised learning (%)), according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). The world median in the same edition was 85.9.

How does Luxembourg compare with Germany on education & knowledge?

Germany is placed joint 19th of 198, and Luxembourg 17th. Out-of-School Rate, Primary: Germany 0.274, Luxembourg 0.256; Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary: Germany 98.37, Luxembourg 99.45; Upper Secondary Completion Rate: Germany 80.95, Luxembourg 81.68.

How have Luxembourg’s education & knowledge figures changed?

Out-of-School Rate, Primary fell from 3.188 in 2001 to 0.256 in 2024; Participation in Organised Learning One Year Before Primary rose from 96.31 in 2001 to 99.45 in 2024; Upper Secondary Completion Rate rose from 68.18 in 2000 to 81.68 in 2025; Government Spending on Education rose from 3.54 in 2001 to 3.745 in 2022.

Which education & knowledge statistics are missing for Luxembourg?

No current reading is published for Luxembourg on Adult Literacy Rate, Government Spending on Education, Intergenerational Persistence in Education, Minimum Proficiency in Mathematics, End of Primary, PISA Mathematics Performance, PISA Reading Performance, PISA Science Performance, Primary Schools with Electricity, Primary Schools with Internet for Teaching, Pupils per Qualified Teacher, Primary, Qualified Teachers in Primary Education, Trust in Scientists, Wealth Parity Index, Lower Secondary Completion and Youth Literacy Rate. They are listed rather than hidden, so the evidence on the page can be checked against it.

08Method

Method, sources and how to cite

What this topic does not measure

How much children actually learn is only partly covered. International test scores exist for a limited group of countries, and they are published here as context rather than used as a key, because a key must describe most of the world. Universities, research, and youth and adult literacy also appear as context.

About education & knowledge, in full

How the Education & Knowledge standing is decided

A standing is this site’s ordering, named with its edition — never a publisher’s rank. 4 key statistics vote, one vote each; every country’s published value becomes a place within that key’s own field, the places are averaged, and the average is never published. A country needs 2 of the 4 keys to be placed.

The education & knowledge method, step by stepHow every standing on this site is built

The key statistics and their licences

The other 29 statistics on this page come from 7 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.

The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Photographs

Luxembourg’s banner and the countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.

Cite this page

Nations Inquiry (2026). Luxembourg: Education & Knowledge — standing and statistics, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/luxembourg/education

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