Skip to content
Nations Inquiry — home

Dataset · FAO

Temperature Change on Land

65 years, 1961–2025 · 190 countries · 2 measures

This is how much warmer — or, occasionally, colder — a country's land surface was over a year than its own average for 1951–1980, in degrees Celsius. FAO calculates it for every country from NASA's global surface temperature record, which makes it the plainest country-by-country measure of how far the climate has already moved.

This site holds every year from 1961 to 2025, read from FAO’s own data and stored exactly as published.

Temperature Change on Land · the file

Newest
Temperature Change on Land, 2025
Held
65 years · 11,538 rows
Licence
CC BY 4.0

0165 years

Every year

Every year comes from FAO’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. Each opens the full table for that year; each downloads as a CSV.

1961bar height: countries covered, up to 1932025
Every year of Temperature Change on Land held on this site, newest first, with its download files.
YearCountriesChangeReadDownload
Temperature Change on Land, 2025Newest190−1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2024191±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2023191−2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2022193±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2021193+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2020191+1 −2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2019192−1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2018193±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2017193±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2016193±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2015193±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2014193±0September 29, 2026CSV
Show all 65 years
YearCountriesChangeReadDownload
Temperature Change on Land, 2013193+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2012191+3 −2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2011190+1 −1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2010190−1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2009191+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2008189−4September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2007193+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2006191+3September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2005188−2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2004190−1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2003191+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2002189+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2001187+3 −3September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 2000187+2 −2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1999187+2 −2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1998187+5 −1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1997183+1 −4September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1996186+1 −1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1995186+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1994184−2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1993186+4 −3September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1992185+22September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1991163+2 −3September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1990164+1 −2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1989165+1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1988164±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1987164−1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1986165+3 −1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1985163+1 −1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1984163−3September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1983166±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1982166+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1981164±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1980164+1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1979163±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1978163+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1977161+2 −3September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1976162+2 −2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1975162−4September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1974166±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1973166±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1972166+1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1971165+1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1970164−1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1969165+2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1968163−1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1967164−2September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1966166+3September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1965163−1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1964164±0September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1963164−1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1962165+1 −1September 29, 2026CSV
Temperature Change on Land, 1961165—September 29, 2026CSV

Every year in one file, one row per country per year: temperature-change-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv

024 columns

What’s in the file

Every column, what it holds, how it is stored and what its values look like — what a reader needs before opening the file.

Every column in the newest file of Temperature Change on Land: what it holds, how it is stored, and its range.
ColumnWhat it holdsStored asRange, 2025DistinctEmptySpread
ISO Codecountry_codeIdentifierThe ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code, added by this site. Every table here joins on it.Text · 3 letters—1900
CountrycountryNameThe country’s name, as this file spells it.Text—1900
Temperature change on land against 1951–1980 (°C)temperature_changeHeadlineThe headline figure: Change in mean land-surface temperature against the country's own 1951–1980 average, °C.Number · up to 3 decimals0.340Solomon Islands3.294Kazakhstanmiddle 1.4741810
Standard deviation of the 1951–1980 baseline (°C)baseline_sdMeasureHow much the country's annual temperature normally varied from year to year in 1951–1980, in °C, for judging how unusual a change is.Number · up to 3 decimals0.153Indonesia0.986Finlandmiddle 0.3231550

Profiled from the newest file. Range: the lowest and highest value, with the country holding it when only one does. Spread: countries in ten equal steps from lowest to highest. Neither end is better. The values describe a shape, not a score.

03198 countries across every year

Who is covered

How many countries each year holds, continent by continent, who joined and who left, and which places this site covers that the dataset never has.

All regions
Countries in each year of Temperature Change on Land, by continent.
201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Africa525252525252505252515151
Americas353535353535353535343433
Asia484848484848484848484848
Europe444444444444444444444444
Oceania141414141413141414141414
All193193193193193192191193193191191190

The newest 12 of 65 years.

Who joined and who left

  • 2025
    − Nicaragua
  • 2023
    − Barbados− Eritrea
  • 2021
    + Cabo Verde+ Eritrea
  • 2020
    + Palau− Cabo Verde− Eritrea
  • 2019
    − Palau
  • 2013
    + Djibouti+ Palau
  • 2012
    + Sudan+ South Sudan+ Eswatini− Djibouti− Palau
  • 2011
    + Cabo Verde− Eswatini

04Provenance

Where it comes from

The path from the publisher to this page, and what was checked and changed on the way.

The site’s method
  1. 1 · Publisher

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

  2. 2 · Their file

    Temperature Change on Land 2025

  3. 3 · Read by this site

    September 29, 2026

    Imported by a script that parses each figure and writes it down unrounded.
  4. 4 · Stored as

    65 files, one per year

    Each downloads as a CSV, or every year together as temperature-change-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv
  5. 5 · Used on

    Its statistic page, and every profile it measures

Precision

The headline is stored to 3 decimals, as published.

Rounded by this site

Never. Tables on screen may show fewer decimals; the files never do.

Changed by this site

Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

FAOSTAT's Temperature Change on Land domain, read from FAO's own bulk download, which FAO computes from NASA's GISS Surface Temperature Analysis. Only the annual figure is read; the monthly and seasonal ones in the same file are left out.

05Reuse

Licence and credit

What the publisher’s licence lets you do, what it asks of you, and a credit line and citation ready to copy.

Every publisher’s terms

Licence · checked September 29, 2026

CC BY 4.0

  • Share and redistribute it
  • Adapt it and build on it
  • Use it commercially
  • Credit the publisher
  • Say what you changed

Share, adapt and use commercially. Credit the publisher and say if you changed anything.

In plain words

FAO licenses the figures under CC BY 4.0. They are computed from NASA's GISS Surface Temperature Analysis, which asks to be cited alongside FAO.

A credit line

Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Temperature Change on Land, via Nations Inquiry.

Cite this dataset

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Temperature Change on Land, 1961–2025 [data set]. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/temperature-change

The publisher’s own citation: FAO. 2026. FAOSTAT: Temperature change on land. Accessed on 29 September 2026. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/ET Licence: CC-BY-4.0. Computed by FAO from the NASA GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP v4), NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies.

Plain-language summary, not legal advice. The licence text is what binds.

06Where it is used

Around the site

Where these numbers appear on this site, and the datasets nearest to it.

07Questions

Temperature Change on Land: questions and answers

What is the Temperature Change on Land?

This is how much warmer — or, occasionally, colder — a country's land surface was over a year than its own average for 1951–1980, in degrees Celsius. FAO calculates it for every country from NASA's global surface temperature record, which makes it the plainest country-by-country measure of how far the climate has already moved.

Which years of the Temperature Change on Land can I download?

All 65, from 1961 to 2025, each as a CSV file, or every year together in one CSV.

Does FAO rank countries on it?

No, and this site does not order it either. The files hold values only.

Can I use it commercially?

Yes, under CC BY 4.0, with credit to FAO. The licence text is linked on this page.

Feedback

Feedback

How are we doing?

Two answers are required — a rating and your email. The rest is up to you.