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Topic 13 of 18 · Country Index 2026

São Tomé and Príncipe: Food & Agriculture

What does a country grow, and what does it take to grow it?

São Tomé and Príncipe is placed 121st of 184 countries on food & agriculture in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 4 key statistics. Readings behind it: Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy) 3.67 (2024); Cereal Yield 2,004 (2023).

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Food & Agriculture

121st

of 184 countries placed

Placed from 3 of 4 key statistics

01The evidence

The 4 key statistics that decide it

Only these place São Tomé and Príncipe on food & agriculture — one vote each. Every value is the publisher’s own, read at the edition the Country Index 2026 used; the grey ticks are every other country it was compared with, lowest on the left.

Why these keys
  1. Key 1 of 4

    Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy)

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

    Why it is a key

    2024 edition · data for 2024 · CC BY 4.0

    3.67

    Current status score, from 1 (worst) to 5 (best), averaged over up to seven sub-indicators

    Higher is better

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 3.67. Across the 186 countries in this edition, values run from 1.67 (Tuvalu) to 4.57 (Italy); the world median is 3.14.

    World median
    3.14
    Best in Middle Africa
    3.67 São Tomé and Príncipe
  2. Key 2 of 4

    Cereal Yield

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

    Why it is a key

    2023 edition · data for 2023 · CC BY 4.0

    2,004

    Cereal yield (kg per hectare)

    Higher is better

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 2,004. Across the 179 countries in this edition, values run from 23 (Cabo Verde) to 29,147 (Oman); the world median is 3,072.

    World median
    3,072
    Best in Middle Africa
    2,004 São Tomé and Príncipe
  3. Key 3 of 4

    Dietary Energy Supply

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

    Why it is a key

    2024 edition · data for 2024 · CC BY 4.0

    2,279

    Dietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)

    Higher is better

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 2,279. Across the 155 countries in this edition, values run from 1,757 (Somalia) to 3,962 (United States); the world median is 2,982.

    World median
    2,982
    Best in Middle Africa
    2,851 Cameroon
  4. Key 4 of 4

    Agriculture Orientation Index

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

    Why it is a key

    2024 edition · data for 2024 · CC BY 4.0

    No reading

    Agriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)

    Higher is better

    FAO publishes no 2024 figure for São Tomé and Príncipe, so the standing rests on the other keys.

    Across the 132 countries in this edition, values run from 0.03 (Ghana) to 5.38 (Singapore); the world median is 0.305.

    World median
    0.305
    Best in Middle Africa
    0.27 Central African Republic

03In context

São Tomé and Príncipe beside its neighbours

A position reads best beside the countries around it. Every position below is a place among all 184 countries on food & agriculture, never a place within the region.

Middle Africa
1st184thNot placed · 40 countries with too few key statisticsNo data

The whole world on food & agriculture

São Tomé and Príncipe and Middle Africa

São Tomé and Príncipe has no land border, so the table compares it with its sub-region. Standing among all 184; the key columns are the publishers’ own values.

CountryStandingProgress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy)Current status score, from 1 (worst) to 5 (best), averaged over up to seven sub-indicatorsCereal YieldCereal yield (kg per hectare)Dietary Energy SupplyDietary energy supply (kcal per person per day)Agriculture Orientation IndexAgriculture orientation index (1.0 = spending matches sector size)
Cameroon=115th3.291,7702,851—
São Tomé and Príncipe121st3.672,0042,279—
Gabon139th3.171,5882,625—
Central African Republic146th2.83878.1—0.27
Angola172nd2.711,0622,3840.04
Republic of the Congo=176th2.43877.72,240—
DR Congo181st2.14863.22,0690.11
Chad183rd2819.32,1210.09
Equatorial Guineanot placed2.67———

“—”: no published reading in that edition. What a standing is

Placed either side on food & agriculture

The countries immediately above and below São Tomé and Príncipe in the topic’s list.

04Context, no vote

Where São Tomé and Príncipe is ahead of the world, and behind

25 more statistics filed under food & agriculture, published in full and deliberately given no vote in the standing. Select a row for the publisher, the rank and the links.

Every country

Ahead of the world median7

Statistics on which São Tomé and Príncipe does better than the middle country measured.

  • Organic Agricultural AreaFAO · 2024 · world median 0.72520.97▼ Worsened since 2014

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 20.97 · world median 0.725 · Organic share of agricultural land (%). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 86.38; higher is better.

    Position 8th of 150 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Fruit Supply per PersonFAO · 2023 · world median 84.83192.15▼ Worsened since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 192.15 · world median 84.83 · Fruit available as food, excluding wine (kg per person per year). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 4.27 to 379.63; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Agricultural Emissions IntensityFAO · 2023 · world median 1.5650.46▼ Worsened since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 0.46 · world median 1.565 · Greenhouse gases from farming per value of agricultural output (kg CO₂eq per international dollar). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 28.2; lower is better.

    Position 178th of 190 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Crop Production IndexFAO · 2022 · world median 106.23107.39▼ Worsened since 2012

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 107.39 · world median 106.23 · Crop production index (2014–2016 = 100). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.

    Published values in that edition run from 53.79 to 189.93; higher is better.

    Position 90th of 195 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2022 dataset

  • Food Production IndexFAO · 2022 · world median 106.08107.25▼ Worsened since 2012

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 107.25 · world median 106.08 · Food production index (2014–2016 = 100). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.

    Published values in that edition run from 71.08 to 177.49; higher is better.

    Position 92nd of 195 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2022 dataset

  • Livestock Production IndexFAO · 2022 · world median 107.06108.04▲ Improved since 2012

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 108.04 · world median 107.06 · Livestock production index (2014–2016 = 100). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.

    Published values in that edition run from 35.52 to 190.08; higher is better.

    Position 94th of 194 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2022 dataset

  • Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added per WorkerWorld Bank Group · 2025 · world median 6,7427,165▼ Worsened since 2015

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 7,165 · world median 6,742 · Agricultural value added per worker (constant 2015 US$). World Bank Group, 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 210.77 to 150,632; higher is better.

    Position 75th of 151 · derived.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

Behind the world median4

Statistics on which São Tomé and Príncipe does worse than the middle country measured.

  • Share of Dietary Energy Supply from Cereals, Roots and TubersFAO · 2022 · world median 4146▼ Worsened since 2012

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 46 · world median 41 · Share of dietary energy supply from cereals, roots and tubers (%). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.

    Published values in that edition run from 21 to 82; lower is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2022 dataset

  • Prevalence of UndernourishmentFAO · 2023 · world median 5.217.4▲ Improved since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 17.4 · world median 5.2 · Population undernourished (%). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 2.5 to 54.2; lower is better.

    Position 32nd of 104 · derived, 1st = worst.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Vegetable Supply per PersonFAO · 2023 · world median 102.6932.02▲ Improved since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 32.02 · world median 102.69 · Vegetables available as food (kg per person per year). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 6.89 to 412.72; higher is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Per Capita Food Supply VariabilityFAO · 2024 · world median 2962▼ Worsened since 2014

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 62 · world median 29 · Year-to-year variability of the food supply (kcal per person per day). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 4 to 227; lower is better.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

No better end14

These describe the shape of a country — more is not better or worse, only different — so they are never ahead or behind.

  • Fish and Seafood Supply per PersonFAO · 2023 · world median 16.1726.52Moved since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 26.52 · world median 16.17 · Fish and seafood available as food (kg per person per year, live-weight equivalent). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.38 to 83.81.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Value Added (% of GDP)World Bank Group · 2025 · world median 6.57212.19No real change since 2015

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 12.19 · world median 6.572 · Agriculture, forestry and fishing value added (% of GDP). World Bank Group, 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.025 to 47.59.

    Position 49th of 158 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Agricultural LandFAO · 2023 · world median 37.9644.79Moved since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 44.79 · world median 37.96 · Agricultural land (% of land area). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.445 to 86.48.

    Position 79th of 209 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Water Withdrawal by SectorFAO · 2022 · world median 62.1462.59No real change since 2016

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 62.59 · world median 62.14 · Freshwater withdrawn for agriculture (% of total). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2022 edition, data for 2022.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 99.48.

    Position 85th of 171 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2022 dataset

  • Employment in AgricultureILO · 2025 · world median 14.3812.06Moved since 2015

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 12.06 · world median 14.38 · Employment in agriculture (% of total employment). International Labour Organization (ILO), 2025 edition, data for 2025.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.095 to 85.34.

    Position 99th of 182 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2025 dataset

  • Fertilizer Consumption per HectareFAO · 2023 · world median 87.3668Moved since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 68 · world median 87.36 · Fertilizer consumption (kg per hectare of arable land). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 2,926.

    Position 107th of 188 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Cropland Nitrogen BalanceFAO · 2023 · world median 37.6313.25Moved since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 13.25 · world median 37.63 · Nitrogen surplus (+) or deficit (−) on cropland, kg per hectare. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from -555.52 to 1,199.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Livestock DensityFAO · 2023 · world median 0.5350.3Moved since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 0.3 · world median 0.535 · Livestock units per hectare of agricultural land. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0.02 to 43.97.

    Position 136th of 188 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Fisheries and Aquaculture ProductionFAO · 2024 · world median 52,3755,730Moved since 2014

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 5,730 · world median 52,375 · Fish, crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic animals caught or farmed, tonnes (live weight). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 70,500,841.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Meat Supply per PersonFAO · 2023 · world median 57.8325.19Moved since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 25.19 · world median 57.83 · Meat available as food (kg per person per year, carcass weight). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 3.49 to 156.95.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Pesticide Use per HectareFAO · 2024 · world median 1.730.41Moved since 2014

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 0.41 · world median 1.73 · Pesticide use (kg per hectare of cropland). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2024 edition, data for 2024.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 37.72.

    Position 145th of 178 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2024 dataset

  • Arable Land per PersonFAO · 2023 · world median 0.1090.017No real change since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 0.017 · world median 0.109 · Arable land (hectares per person). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 1.459.

    Position 179th of 206 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Agricultural EmissionsFAO · 2023 · world median 8,63522.78No real change since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 22.78 · world median 8,635 · Farm-gate emissions (kt CO₂eq). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 1,044,508.

    Position 180th of 193 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

  • Land Under Cereal ProductionFAO · 2023 · world median 689,278393No real change since 2013

    São Tomé and Príncipe: 393 · world median 689,278 · Land under cereal production (hectares). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2023 edition, data for 2023.

    Published values in that edition run from 0 to 103,715,108.

    Position 166th of 179 · derived, counted from the highest value.

    Chart and every countryThe 2023 dataset

No current reading for São Tomé and Príncipe

Agricultural Irrigated Land, Agriculture Orientation Index (last 2023), Cereal Import Dependency Ratio (last 2015), Global Report on Food Crises, Legal Guarantees of Women's Equal Rights to Land, Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity (last 2022) and Women's Share of Agricultural Landowners. Listed rather than hidden, so the page can be checked against it.

“Position · derived” is this site’s ordering of the published values, 1st = best unless the row says otherwise; the publisher ranks no country on it. Rank, position and standing

06The top of the list

Who leads on food & agriculture

The three countries placed highest of 184, and the leaders São Tomé and Príncipe can most readily be measured against.

All 184 countries
  1. 1

    Serbia

    Southern Europe

    1st of 184 · 4 of 4 keys

    Photo: Lošmi derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale

  2. 2

    Austria

    Western Europe

    2nd of 184 · 4 of 4 keys

    Photo: chensiyuan · CC BY-SA 4.0, greyscale

  3. 3

    Malta

    Southern Europe

    3rd of 184 · 3 of 4 keys

    Photo: Dirk Heldmaier derivative work: Jjtkk · CC BY-SA 3.0, greyscale

Placed highest nearby

  1. Highest in Africa

    Seychelles31st2/4 keys
  2. Highest in Middle Africa

    Cameroon=115th3/4 keys
  3. This page

    São Tomé and Príncipe121st3/4 keys

Positions out of 184 placed on the topic. A country needs readings on enough keys to be placed, and the top of the list is often held on fewer of them.

07Questions

São Tomé and Príncipe on food & agriculture: questions answered

Every answer is built from the numbers on this page, so none can say something the page does not.

How does São Tomé and Príncipe rank on food & agriculture?

São Tomé and Príncipe is placed 121st of 184 countries on Food & Agriculture in the Country Index 2026, from 3 of its 4 key statistics (Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy), Cereal Yield and Dietary Energy Supply). The position is this site’s ordering of published statistics, not a rank any publisher printed.

What is the latest Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy) figure for São Tomé and Príncipe?

3.67 in 2024 (current status score, from 1 (worst) to 5 (best), averaged over up to seven sub-indicators), according to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The world median in the same edition was 3.14.

What is the latest Cereal Yield figure for São Tomé and Príncipe?

2,004 in 2023 (cereal yield (kg per hectare)), according to Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The world median in the same edition was 3,072.

How have São Tomé and Príncipe’s food & agriculture figures changed?

Progress Toward Productive and Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4.1 Proxy) rose from 3.33 in 2015 to 3.67 in 2024; Cereal Yield fell from 2,230 in 2000 to 2,004 in 2023; Dietary Energy Supply fell from 2,365 in 2001 to 2,279 in 2024; Agriculture Orientation Index fell from 0.3 in 2002 to 0.24 in 2023.

Which food & agriculture statistics are missing for São Tomé and Príncipe?

No current reading is published for São Tomé and Príncipe on Agricultural Irrigated Land, Agriculture Orientation Index, Cereal Import Dependency Ratio, Global Report on Food Crises, Legal Guarantees of Women's Equal Rights to Land, Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity and Women's Share of Agricultural Landowners. They are listed rather than hidden, so the evidence on the page can be checked against it.

08Method

Method, sources and how to cite

What this topic does not measure

This subject is about production and land use, not about whether people are fed. Hunger, undernourishment and what a population actually eats are measured under Health & Wellbeing, and the two regularly disagree — a country can grow a great deal and still leave many people short, and one that grows little can be well fed by trade. The wider environmental cost of farming — emissions, water withdrawal, forest cover — is filed under Environment & Sustainability.

About food & agriculture, in full

How the Food & Agriculture standing is decided

A standing is this site’s ordering, named with its edition — never a publisher’s rank. 4 key statistics vote, one vote each; every country’s published value becomes a place within that key’s own field, the places are averaged, and the average is never published. A country needs 2 of the 4 keys to be placed.

The food & agriculture method, step by stepHow every standing on this site is built

The key statistics and their licences

The other 25 statistics on this page come from 3 publishers, each named beside its numbers, with every edition and licence on the datasets pages.

The standing itself is part of the Country Index 2026, published under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Photographs

São Tomé and Príncipe’s banner and the countries placed highest, from their profiles: Wikimedia Commons, shown in greyscale, each used under the licence named.

Cite this page

Nations Inquiry (2026). São Tomé and Príncipe: Food & Agriculture — standing and statistics, Country Index 2026. https://nationsinquiry.com/countries/sao-tome-and-principe/food

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