Skip to content
Nations Inquiry — home

Data for 1990

Total Factor Productivity Level, 1990

1990, as GGDC’s 2025 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Total factor productivity measures how much output an economy gets from its capital, its workers and their schooling, compared with the United States in the same year. A level of 0.5 means the country produces about half what the US would with the same inputs. It is the Penn World Table's best-known measure, and the standard way economists compare how efficiently countries use what they have.

Total Factor Productivity Level, 1990 covers 105 countries. Bulgaria is highest, at 2.4613; Nigeria is lowest, at 0.1965. The middle country reads 0.7366. Against 1989, 104 values changed (41 up, 63 down), the same countries are covered.

Download CSVCite this year
Share

Share this page

Total Factor Productivity Level · Data for 1990

HighestBulgaria

2.4613

LowestNigeria

0.1965

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the better end.

01Values only

The table

Every country and every column of Total Factor Productivity Level, 1990, as published. The file carries values only, so no position is shown. “=” marks a shared position.

Showing 25 of 105 countries · select a heading to sort

Total Factor Productivity Level, 1990: every country, as published by Groningen Growth and Development Centre (GGDC).
BulgariaBGREastern Europe2.4613
MauritiusMUSEastern Africa1.4286
MacauMACEastern Asia1.4122
ZimbabweZWEEastern Africa1.3690
BarbadosBRBCaribbean1.1861
EswatiniSWZSouthern Africa1.1664
LuxembourgLUXWestern Europe1.1245
TaiwanTWNEastern Asia1.1075
Hong KongHKGEastern Asia1.0832
TürkiyeTURWestern Asia1.0764
BelgiumBELWestern Europe1.0663
NetherlandsNLDWestern Europe1.0525
FranceFRAWestern Europe1.0487
EgyptEGYNorthern Africa1.0408
ItalyITASouthern Europe1.0330
SpainESPSouthern Europe1.0088
IcelandISLNorthern Europe1.0075
MexicoMEXCentral America1.0042
QatarQATWestern Asia1.0003
United StatesUSANorthern America1.0000
DenmarkDNKNorthern Europe0.9774
MaltaMLTSouthern Europe0.9743
CanadaCANNorthern America0.9731
United KingdomGBRNorthern Europe0.9712
Trinidad and TobagoTTOCaribbean0.9557

02In 1990

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

  1. Bulgaria2.4613
  2. Mauritius1.4286
  3. Macau1.4122
  4. Zimbabwe1.3690
  5. Barbados1.1861

Lowest

  1. Nigeria0.1965
  2. Tanzania0.2365
  3. China0.2429
  4. Niger0.2803
  5. India0.2907

A higher value is the better result. The middle country reads 0.7366. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031989 → 1990

Since 1989

  • +0 / −0countries joined / left
  • 104values changed, of 105 in both
  • 41 · 63rose · fell
  • 1unchanged

Rose most

Fell most

04Caveats

Read before you use

How values are stored

  • One year of the 2025 release

    Every year in this series comes from GGDC’s 2025 release, recalculated on one method, so a change from one year to the next is not a revision. It can differ from what was first published for 1990.

  • Nothing missing

    Every one of the 105 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

Licence in full

What this site changed: Reshaped to one row per country, with its ISO code; no value recalculated, rescaled or rounded. In full

Licence: CC BY 4.0 · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

Groningen Growth and Development Centre (GGDC) (1990). Total Factor Productivity Level, 1990 [data set], describing 1990. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/total-factor-productivity/1990

0654 held

Other years