Data for 2023
Low Pay Rate, 2023
2023, as ILO’s 2026 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten
Low Pay Rate, 2023 covers 77 countries. Jordan is highest, at 43.681; New Zealand is lowest, at 3.420. The middle country reads 19.331. Against 2022, 68 values changed (32 up, 36 down), 9 countries joined, 7 left.
Low Pay Rate · Data for 2023
HighestJordan
43.681
LowestNew Zealand
3.420Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the lowest end. A higher value is the worse result.
01Position · derived
The table
Every country and every column of Low Pay Rate, 2023, as published. ILO ranks nobody on this measure; the position is derived here by ordering the published values. “=” marks a shared position.
Showing 25 of 77 countries · select a heading to sort
| derived | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | JordanJORWestern Asia | 43.681 | Employment and Unemployment Survey | — | — |
| 2 |  MaliMLIWestern Africa | 39.063 | Continuous Household Employment Survey | — | — |
| 3 |  BotswanaBWASouthern Africa | 38.608 | Multi-Topic Household Survey | — | — |
| 4 |  GhanaGHAWestern Africa | 38.479 | Household Income and Expenditure Survey | — | — |
| 5 |  ZimbabweZWEEastern Africa | 37.436 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 6 |  RwandaRWAEastern Africa | 37.125 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 7 |  AngolaAGOMiddle Africa | 35.703 | Employment Survey | — | — |
| 8 |  KiribatiKIRMicronesia | 33.745 | Household Income and Expenditure Survey | — | — |
| 9 |  GermanyDEUWestern Europe | 31.747 | German Socio-Economic Panel | — | — |
| 10 |  Equatorial GuineaGNQMiddle Africa | 30.998 | National Household Survey | — | — |
| 11 |  HondurasHNDCentral America | 30.813 | Continuous Multi-Purpose Household Survey | — | — |
| 12 |  EswatiniSWZSouthern Africa | 30.376 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 13 |  SenegalSENWestern Africa | 29.887 | National Employment Survey | — | — |
| 14 |  IndonesiaIDNSouth-eastern Asia | 28.005 | National Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 15 |  BahamasBHSCaribbean | 27.972 | Labour Force & Household Survey | — | — |
| 16 |  IndiaINDSouthern Asia | 27.950 | Periodic Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 17 |  ZambiaZMBEastern Africa | 27.264 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 18 |  ArgentinaARGSouth America | 26.747 | Permanent Household Survey, Urban | Geographical coverage: Main cities or metropolitan areas | — |
| 19 |  Sri LankaLKASouthern Asia | 26.332 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 20 |  PeruPERSouth America | 25.414 | Permanent Employment Survey, National | — | — |
| 21 |  IsraelISRWestern Asia | 25.380 | Income Survey | — | — |
| 22 |  UruguayURYSouth America | 24.508 | Continuous Household Survey Implantation | — | — |
| 23 |  TongaTONPolynesia | 22.931 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 24 |  MauritiusMUSEastern Africa | 22.713 | Continuous Multi-Purpose Household Survey | — | — |
| 25 |  LatviaLVANorthern Europe | 22.700 | Structure of Earnings Survey | — | — |
| 26 |  United StatesUSANorthern America | 22.657 | Current Population Survey | — | — |
| 27 |  GuatemalaGTMCentral America | 21.806 | Household Income and Expenditure Survey | — | — |
| 28 |  MexicoMEXCentral America | 21.562 | National Occupation and Employment Survey | — | — |
| 29 |  Dominican RepublicDOMCaribbean | 20.997 | Continuous National Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 30 |  EcuadorECUSouth America | 20.934 | National Survey on Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment | — | — |
| 31 |  EstoniaESTNorthern Europe | 20.801 | Structure of Earnings Survey | — | — |
| 32 |  PhilippinesPHLSouth-eastern Asia | 20.365 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 33 |  BangladeshBGDSouthern Asia | 20.352 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 34 |  BoliviaBOLSouth America | 20.339 | Continuous Employment Survey | — | — |
| 35 |  LithuaniaLTUNorthern Europe | 19.876 | Structure of Earnings Survey | — | — |
| 36 |  Cook IslandsCOKPolynesia | 19.665 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 37 |  CanadaCANNorthern America | 19.606 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 38 |  SwitzerlandCHEWestern Europe | 19.478 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 39 |  PolandPOLEastern Europe | 19.331 | Structure of wages and salaries by Occupations | — | — |
| 40 |  HungaryHUNEastern Europe | 19.317 | Survey of Individual Wages and Earnings | — | — |
| 41 |  El SalvadorSLVCentral America | 19.081 | Multi-purpose Household Survey | — | — |
| 42 |  MongoliaMNGEastern Asia | 19.048 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 43 |  ParaguayPRYSouth America | 18.003 | Continuous Permanent Household Survey | — | — |
| 44 |  United KingdomGBRNorthern Europe | 17.985 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 45 |  TürkiyeTURWestern Asia | 17.794 | Household Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 46 |  AustraliaAUSAustralia and New Zealand | 17.491 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 47 |  CzechiaCZEEastern Europe | 17.490 | Periodic Census of Employers | — | — |
| 48 |  EgyptEGYNorthern Africa | 17.383 | Labour Force Sample Survey | — | — |
| 49 |  South KoreaKOREastern Asia | 16.242 | Survey on labor conditions by employment type | — | — |
| 50 |  SlovakiaSVKEastern Europe | 16.000 | Monthly Structure of Earnings Survey | — | — |
| 51 |  MoldovaMDAEastern Europe | 15.569 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 52 |  Antigua and BarbudaATGCaribbean | 15.536 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 53 |  CambodiaKHMSouth-eastern Asia | 15.196 | Household Socio-Economic Survey | — | — |
| 54 |  PanamaPANCentral America | 14.893 | Labour Market Survey | — | — |
| 55 |  AustriaAUTWestern Europe | 14.264 | Wage Tax Statistics | — | — |
| 56 |  BrazilBRASouth America | 14.173 | Continuous National Household Sample Survey | — | — |
| 57 |  NetherlandsNLDWestern Europe | 13.610 | Structure of Earnings Survey | — | — |
| 58 |  ColombiaCOLSouth America | 13.153 | Integrated Household Survey | — | — |
| 59 |  IrelandIRLNorthern Europe | 12.464 | Other Official Sources | — | — |
| 60 |  ThailandTHASouth-eastern Asia | 12.026 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 61 |  LuxembourgLUXWestern Europe | 11.631 | Structure of Earnings Survey | — | — |
| 62 |  GreeceGRCSouthern Europe | 11.466 | EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions | — | — |
| 63 |  SloveniaSVNSouthern Europe | 11.445 | Structure of Earnings Survey | — | — |
| 64 |  BelgiumBELWestern Europe | 11.443 | Structure of Earnings Survey | — | — |
| 65 |  Bosnia and HerzegovinaBIHSouthern Europe | 11.056 | Labour Force Survey | — | Break in series |
| 66 |  VietnamVNMSouth-eastern Asia | 11.004 | Labour Force Survey | — | — |
| 67 |  FranceFRAWestern Europe | 10.903 | Employment Survey | — | — |
| 68 |  JapanJPNEastern Asia | 10.398 | Wage Structure Survey | — | — |
| 69 |  Costa RicaCRICentral America | 10.187 | Continuous Employment Survey | — | — |
| 70 |  FinlandFINNorthern Europe | 9.881 | Income Distribution Survey | — | — |
| 71 |  DenmarkDNKNorthern Europe | 9.828 | Insurance Records | — | — |
| 72 |  SpainESPSouthern Europe | 9.757 | EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions | — | — |
| 73 |  ChileCHLSouth America | 8.389 | National Survey on Socio-Economic Conditions | — | — |
| 74 |  NorwayNORNorthern Europe | 6.820 | Labour-related Establishment Survey | — | — |
| 75 |  ItalyITASouthern Europe | 5.868 | Household Income and Wealth Survey | — | — |
| 76 |  PortugalPRTSouthern Europe | 3.650 | Employment Survey | — | — |
| 77 | New ZealandNZLAustralia and New Zealand | 3.420 | Household Economic Survey | — | — |
02In 2023
At either end
The 5 countries at each end of the headline.
032022 → 2023
Since 2022
What changed between 2022 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.
- +9 / −7countries joined / left
- 68values changed, of 68 in both
- 32 · 36rose · fell
- 0unchanged
Rose most
Fell most
- Zambia39.425 → 27.264−12.161
- Zimbabwe48.102 → 37.436−10.666
- Bosnia and Herzegovina17.304 → 11.056−6.248
- Panama20.608 → 14.893−5.715
- Moldova17.616 → 15.569−2.047
+ Antigua and Barbuda+ Bahamas+ Cook Islands+ Equatorial Guinea+ Guatemala+ Cambodia+ Kiribati+ Eswatini+ Tonga
− Bhutan
− Laos
− Mozambique
− Palestine
− Sudan
− Somalia
− SamoaBoth years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.
04Caveats
Read before you use
What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.
One year of the 2026 release
Every year in this series comes from ILO’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 2023.
The position is ours
ILO publishes values only. The order here sorts the published values, and the page says so wherever it prints one.
Which end is better
A higher value is the worse result.
152 empty cells
An empty cell means the publisher gave no figure. It is never a zero.
Some readings carry a flag
ILO marks readings it considers estimates or provisional. The flags in this file: Break in series.
05The files
Download and cite
The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.
- .csv
For a spreadsheet or code
77 rows · 5.2 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download low-pay-rate-2023-nations-inquiry.csv - ↗
The publisher’s original
ILO’s own file, on its own site.
https://rplumber.ilo.org/data/indicator/?id=EAR_XTLP_SEX_RT&format=.csv&channel=ilostat
What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.
Licence: CC BY 4.0. Share, adapt and use commercially. Credit the publisher and say if you changed anything.
Cite this edition
International Labour Organization (ILO) (2023). Low Pay Rate, 2023 [data set], describing 2023. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/low-pay-rate/2023
0618 held
Other years
‹ The year before
Low Pay Rate, 202275 countries
The year after ›
Low Pay Rate, 202471 countries
All of them
Low Pay Rate: every year18 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country
07Questions
Low Pay Rate, 2023: questions and answers
Which country has the highest low pay in Low Pay Rate, 2023?
Jordan, at 43.681, of the 77 countries in the file.
What year does Low Pay Rate, 2023 describe?
2023.
How many countries does Low Pay Rate, 2023 cover?
77.
Where can I download Low Pay Rate, 2023?
On this page, as a CSV file holding every value exactly as published, or from the publisher’s own site, linked below.
Is Low Pay Rate, 2023 the newest?
No. The newest held here is Low Pay Rate, 2024.