Dataset · Frederick Solt
Gini Index of Disposable Income (SWIID)
44 years, 1980–2023 · 79 countries · 2 measures
This is the Gini index of household income after taxes and transfers, as estimated by the Standardized World Income Inequality Database. It brings every published measure of a country’s inequality onto one definition and fills the years between them, so it reaches far more countries and years than any survey series — at the cost of being an estimate, published with its uncertainty.
This site holds every year from 1980 to 2023, read from Frederick Solt’s own data and stored exactly as published.
Gini Index of Disposable Income (SWIID) · the file
- Newest
- Gini Index of Disposable Income (SWIID), 2023
- Held
- 44 years · 5,851 rows
- Licence
- Public domain or CC0
0144 years
Every year
Every year comes from Frederick Solt’s 2026 release, recalculated on one method. Each opens the full table for that year; each downloads as a CSV.
Show all 44 years
Every year in one file, one row per country per year: gini-disposable-income-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv
024 columns
What’s in the file
Every column, what it holds, how it is stored and what its values look like — what a reader needs before opening the file.
| Column | What it holds | Stored as | Range, 2023 | Distinct | Empty | Spread |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CountrycountryName | The country’s name, as this file spells it. | Text | — | 79 | 0 | |
ISO Codecountry_codeIdentifier | The ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code, added by this site. Every table here joins on it. | Text · 3 letters | — | 79 | 0 | |
Gini index of disposable household income (0–100), SWIID estimategini_dispHeadline | The headline figure: Gini index of disposable household income (0–100), SWIID estimate. | Number · up to 1 decimal | 22.3 | 69 | 0 | |
Standard error of the estimate (Gini points)gini_disp_seMeasure | Standard error of the estimate across the author’s 100 imputations, in Gini points; about 95% of plausible values lie within twice this either side. | Number · up to 2 decimals | 0.46 | 67 | 0 |
Profiled from the newest file. Range: the lowest and highest value, with the country holding it when only one does. Spread: countries in ten equal steps from lowest to highest. A higher value is the worse result.
03196 countries across every year
Who is covered
How many countries each year holds, continent by continent, who joined and who left, and which places this site covers that the dataset never has.
| 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | 49 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 46 | 41 | 36 | 31 | 27 | 23 | 11 | 4 |
| Americas | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 21 | 20 |
| Asia | 44 | 43 | 44 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 37 | 35 | 32 | 32 | 30 | 21 |
| Europe | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 40 | 39 | 38 | 36 | 33 |
| Oceania | 11 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| All | 176 | 172 | 170 | 164 | 161 | 155 | 145 | 136 | 125 | 119 | 100 | 79 |
The newest 12 of 44 years.
Who joined and who left
- 2023
− Albania
− Bangladesh
− Bhutan
− Equatorial Guinea
− India
− Israel
− Kenya
− Lebanon
− North Macedonia
− Mongolia
− Mozambique
− Malaysia
− Nigeria
− Nepal
− New Zealand
− Suriname
− Syria
− Chad
− Kosovo
− South Africa
− Zambia
- 2022
− Benin
− Burkina Faso
− Bosnia and Herzegovina
− Central African Republic
− Côte d’Ivoire
− Cameroon
− Ethiopia
− Guinea-Bissau
− Hong Kong
− Jamaica
− Japan
− Madagascar
− Montenegro
− Niger
− Senegal
− Togo
− Tonga
− Tunisia
− Venezuela
- 2021
− Australia
− Burundi
− DR Congo
− Gambia
− Morocco
− Ukraine
- 2020
− Fiji
− Iceland
− Sri Lanka
− Maldives
− Marshall Islands
− Mauritania
− Malawi
− Oman
− Uganda
− Vanuatu
− Zimbabwe
- 2019
+ Marshall Islands
− Angola
− United Arab Emirates
− Belize
− Guinea
− Grenada
− Saudi Arabia
− Sierra Leone
− San Marino
− Seychelles
− Tanzania
- 2018
− Afghanistan
− Barbados
− Djibouti
− Gabon
− Jordan
− Lesotho
− Myanmar
− Mauritius
− Qatar
− São Tomé and Príncipe
- 2017
− Andorra
− Ghana
− Liberia
− Namibia
− South Sudan
− Eswatini
- 2016
− Botswana
− Cabo Verde
− Saint Lucia
Not in this dataset · 29 places this site covers
Frederick Solt gives no figure for these in any year held here. It is the publisher’s choice of scope, and each place’s profile shows what is measured.
04Provenance
Where it comes from
The path from the publisher to this page, and what was checked and changed on the way.
1 · Publisher
Frederick Solt, University of Iowa
2 · Their file
Gini Index of Disposable Income (SWIID) 2023
3 · Read by this site
September 29, 2026
Imported by a script that parses each figure and writes it down unrounded.4 · Stored as
44 files, one per year
Each downloads as a CSV, or every year together as gini-disposable-income-all-editions-nations-inquiry.csv5 · Used on
Its statistic page, and every profile it measures
Precision
The headline is stored to 1 decimal, as published.
Rounded by this site
Never. Tables on screen may show fewer decimals; the files never do.
Changed by this site
Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.
From the author’s own deposit on Harvard Dataverse, dedicated to the public domain. The mean of his 100 imputations and its standard error are stored exactly as his summary file gives them.
05Reuse
Licence and credit
What the publisher’s licence lets you do, what it asks of you, and a credit line and citation ready to copy.
Licence · checked September 29, 2026
- Share and redistribute it
- Adapt it and build on it
- Use it commercially
No conditions at all. Crediting the publisher is still the courteous thing to do.
In plain words
Dedicated to the public domain (CC0): free to reuse for any purpose, with a citation to the author requested.
A credit line
Source: Frederick Solt, University of Iowa, Gini Index of Disposable Income (SWIID), via Nations Inquiry.
Cite this dataset
Frederick Solt, University of Iowa. Gini Index of Disposable Income (SWIID), 1980–2023 [data set]. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/gini-disposable-income
The publisher’s own citation: Solt, Frederick. 2020. “Measuring Income Inequality Across Countries and Over Time: The Standardized World Income Inequality Database.” Social Science Quarterly 101(3):1183–1199. SWIID Version 9.92, April 2026.
Plain-language summary, not legal advice. The licence text is what binds.