Data for 1991

Gender Inequality Index, 1991

Name: Gender Inequality Index, 1991
Creator: UNDP Human Development Report Office
License: https://hdr.undp.org/copyright-and-terms-use

1991, as UNDP Human Development Report Office’s 2025 release gives it · stored as published, never rewritten

Gender Inequality Index, 1991 covers 80 countries. Tonga is highest, at 0.794; Sweden is lowest, at 0.096. The middle country reads 0.424. Against 1990, 77 values changed (18 up, 59 down), the same countries are covered.

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Gender Inequality Index · Data for 1991

HighestTonga

0.794

LowestSweden

0.096

Shaded by value in five groups of equal size, darkest at the lowest end.

80countries
1measure
1991the year it describes
76distinct values3 decimals, as published
Sep 6, 2026read from the publisher
CC BY 3.0 IGOlicence

01UNDP Human Development Report Office’s rank

The table

Every country and every column of Gender Inequality Index, 1991, as published. The rank is UNDP Human Development Report Office’s own, as printed. “=” marks a shared position.

Search this table

Showing 25 of 80 countries · select a heading to sort

Gender Inequality Index, 1991: every country, as published by UNDP Human Development Report Office.

1	Sweden`SWE`Northern Europe	0.096
2	Denmark`DNK`Northern Europe	0.097
3	Finland`FIN`Northern Europe	0.103
4	Netherlands`NLD`Western Europe	0.122
5	Norway`NOR`Northern Europe	0.124
6	Switzerland`CHE`Western Europe	0.125
7	Japan`JPN`Eastern Asia	0.165
8	Germany`DEU`Western Europe	0.166
9	Belgium`BEL`Western Europe	0.179
10	Spain`ESP`Southern Europe	0.181
11	Iceland`ISL`Northern Europe	0.185
=12	Australia`AUS`Australia and New Zealand	0.187
=12	Canada`CAN`Northern America	0.187
14	Luxembourg`LUX`Western Europe	0.192
15	Austria`AUT`Western Europe	0.198
16	Ireland`IRL`Northern Europe	0.221
17	New Zealand`NZL`Australia and New Zealand	0.223
18	Italy`ITA`Southern Europe	0.235
19	France`FRA`Western Europe	0.238
20	United Kingdom`GBR`Northern Europe	0.253
21	Singapore`SGP`South-eastern Asia	0.257
22	Portugal`PRT`Southern Europe	0.260
23	Slovakia`SVK`Eastern Europe	0.275
24	Slovenia`SVN`Southern Europe	0.278
25	Czechia`CZE`Eastern Europe	0.285
=26	Poland`POL`Eastern Europe	0.292
=26	United States`USA`Northern America	0.292
28	Greece`GRC`Southern Europe	0.296
29	South Korea`KOR`Eastern Asia	0.308
30	Croatia`HRV`Southern Europe	0.314
31	Hungary`HUN`Eastern Europe	0.325
32	Israel`ISR`Western Asia	0.331
33	Malta`MLT`Southern Europe	0.339
34	Bulgaria`BGR`Eastern Europe	0.364
35	Bahamas`BHS`Caribbean	0.371
36	Estonia`EST`Northern Europe	0.381
37	Barbados`BRB`Caribbean	0.386
38	Malaysia`MYS`South-eastern Asia	0.388
=39	Cyprus`CYP`Western Asia	0.419
=39	North Macedonia`MKD`Southern Europe	0.419
41	Uruguay`URY`South America	0.429
42	Trinidad and Tobago`TTO`Caribbean	0.442
43	Saint Lucia`LCA`Caribbean	0.447
44	Russia`RUS`Eastern Europe	0.450
45	Sri Lanka`LKA`Southern Asia	0.451
46	Argentina`ARG`South America	0.452
47	Thailand`THA`South-eastern Asia	0.460
48	South Africa`ZAF`Southern Africa	0.493
49	Chile`CHL`South America	0.504
50	Romania`ROU`Eastern Europe	0.507
51	Mexico`MEX`Central America	0.510
52	Mauritius`MUS`Eastern Africa	0.511
53	Philippines`PHL`South-eastern Asia	0.517
54	Panama`PAN`Central America	0.519
55	El Salvador`SLV`Central America	0.531
56	Namibia`NAM`Southern Africa	0.546
57	Syria`SYR`Western Asia	0.549
58	Venezuela`VEN`South America	0.557
59	Dominican Republic`DOM`Caribbean	0.573
60	Peru`PER`South America	0.576
61	Brazil`BRA`South America	0.577
=62	Botswana`BWA`Southern Africa	0.590
=62	Türkiye`TUR`Western Asia	0.590
64	Indonesia`IDN`South-eastern Asia	0.604
65	Paraguay`PRY`South America	0.607
66	Nicaragua`NIC`Central America	0.620
67	Ecuador`ECU`South America	0.640
68	Ghana`GHA`Western Africa	0.647
69	Maldives`MDV`Southern Asia	0.655
70	Egypt`EGY`Northern Africa	0.657
71	Zambia`ZMB`Eastern Africa	0.667
72	Iran`IRN`Southern Asia	0.678
73	Bangladesh`BGD`Southern Asia	0.696
74	Benin`BEN`Western Africa	0.697
75	India`IND`Southern Asia	0.698
76	Nepal`NPL`Southern Asia	0.737
77	Sudan`SDN`Northern Africa	0.744
78	Morocco`MAR`Northern Africa	0.751
79	Pakistan`PAK`Southern Asia	0.785
80	Tonga`TON`Polynesia	0.794

02In 1991

At either end

The 5 countries at each end of the headline.

Highest

#80Tonga0.794
#79Pakistan0.785
#78Morocco0.751
#77Sudan0.744
#76Nepal0.737

Lowest

#1Sweden0.096
#2Denmark0.097
#3Finland0.103
#4Netherlands0.122
#5Norway0.124

A higher value is the worse result. The middle country reads 0.424. “Shared” marks a value another country also holds.

031990 → 1991

Since 1990

What changed between 1990 and this one: who joined or left, and how far the headline moved.

+0 / −0countries joined / left
77values changed, of 80 in both
18 · 59rose · fell
3unchanged

Rose most

Malta0.305 → 0.339+0.034
Malaysia0.374 → 0.388+0.014
Peru0.569 → 0.576+0.007
Slovakia0.268 → 0.275+0.007
Egypt0.652 → 0.657+0.005

Fell most

Mexico0.552 → 0.510−0.042
Argentina0.489 → 0.452−0.037
Trinidad and Tobago0.477 → 0.442−0.035
Zambia0.691 → 0.667−0.024
Panama0.539 → 0.519−0.020

Both years come from the same release, so a difference here is a change in the data, not a revision of it. Every country’s full history is charted on the statistic page.

04Caveats

Read before you use

What this edition’s numbers are and are not, worked out from the file itself.

How values are stored

One year of the 2025 release
Every year in this series comes from UNDP Human Development Report Office’s 2025 release, recalculated on one method. It can differ from what was first published for 1991.
76 distinct values among 80
Values are stored exactly as published, to 3 decimals. 2 countries share 0.187. Countries sharing a value share a position too.
The rank is UNDP Human Development Report Office’s
Printed as the publisher ranked the countries; never re-ranked here.
Nothing missing
Every one of the 80 countries has every column.

05The files

Download and cite

The table as a file, digit for digit, what this site changed, and a citation for this edition.

Licence in full

.csv
For a spreadsheet or code
80 rows · 3.1 KB · UTF-8, opens in Excel
Opens with 11 lines of source notes; the table starts on row 13.
Download gender-inequality-1991-nations-inquiry.csv
↗
The publisher’s original
UNDP Human Development Report Office’s own file, on its own site.
HDR25_Composite_indices_complete_time_series.csv

What this site changed: Reshaped into one row per country: regional and income-group totals are left out, only the columns listed are kept, each row gets its ISO 3166 code, and some country names are brought to one spelling. No value is recalculated, rescaled or rounded.

Licence: CC BY 3.0 IGO · what it allows, in plain words

Cite this edition

UNDP Human Development Report Office (1991). Gender Inequality Index, 1991 [data set], describing 1991. As held by Nations Inquiry, https://nationsinquiry.com/datasets/gender-inequality/1991

0634 held

Other years

‹ The year before
Gender Inequality Index, 1990
80 countries
The year after ›
Gender Inequality Index, 1992
80 countries
All of them
Gender Inequality Index: every year
34 held, with the data dictionary, coverage and licence.
How it has moved, charted by country

07Questions